The effectiveness of therapeutic class IV (10 W) laser treatment for epicondylitis.

Background And Objective: Photobiomodulation has been shown to modulate cellular protein production and stimulate tendon healing in a dose-dependent manner. Previous studies have used class IIIb lasers with power outputs of less than 0.5 W.

Pulmonary and cardiac infections in athletes.

Pulmonary and cardiac infections in the athlete can have a wide range of presentations and complications. These infections may present few problems for the training athlete or become life threatening. The team physician must be able to make an accurate diagnosis, give the appropriate treatment, understand the potential complications, and ensure proper follow-up and return-to-play protocols.

The physiologic basis and clinical applications of cryotherapy and thermotherapy for the pain practitioner.

Cryotherapy and thermotherapy are useful adjuncts for the treatment of musculoskeletal injuries. Clinicians treating these conditions should be aware of current research findings regarding these modalities, because their choice of modality may affect the ultimate outcome of the patient being treated. Through a better understanding of these modalities, clinicians can optimize their present treatment strategies.

Diagnosing Plantar Fascia Rupture.

In brief Though not frequently reported in the literature, plantar fascia tears or ruptures can occur in running and jumping sports. Misdiagnosis as an acute flare of the much more common plantar fasciitis is possible. Though the injury is initially quite disabling, athletes can-as in this case report-return within weeks to competition with proper diagnosis, intervention, and rehabilitation.