Pre-Kraepelin Names for Mental Disorders.

Psychiatric classifications before the early 1900s generally are viewed as chaotic and not worthy of analysis. Sixteen different classificatory systems were identified that were pre-World War I and that were pre-Kraepelinian. A total of 827 names were collected from these 16 classifications.

Predicting the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition): The Mystery of How to Constrain Unchecked Growth.

Twenty years ago, slightly after the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition was published, we predicted the characteristics of the future Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (fifth edition) (). Included in our predictions were how many diagnoses it would contain, the physical size of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (fifth edition), who its leader would be, how many professionals would be involved in creating it, the revenue generated, and the color of its cover. This article reports on the accuracy of our predictions.

The cycle of classification: DSM-I through DSM-5.

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) was created in 1952 by the American Psychiatric Association so that mental health professionals in the United States would have a common language to use when diagnosing individuals with mental disorders. Since the initial publication of the DSM, there have been five subsequent editions of this manual published (including the DSM-III-R). This review discusses the structural changes in the six editions and the research that influenced those changes.

Field trial of a putative research algorithm for diagnosing ICD-11 personality disorders in psychiatric patients: 1. Severity of personality disturbance.

This preliminary field trial examines the reliability and validity of a proposed research algorithm for diagnosing International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-11 personality disorders and its association with other psychiatric assessments for the primary classification of a single dimension of the five severity levels of personality dysfunction. In total, 137 psychiatric patients (119 with personality disorders and 18 without personality disorders) in Korea were assessed. In the first part of the study, inter-rater reliability was evaluated with an independent assessment of personality (personality assessment schedule).

An invisible college view of the DSM-5 personality disorder classification.

The DSM-5 Personality and Personality Disorders Work Group released the final proposed changes for the upcoming manual in May 2012. The proposal, located at www.dsm5.

Do clinicians conceptualize DSM-IV disorders hierarchically?

Objective: All classification systems of psychopathology use hierarchical categories. The purpose of the two studies in this article was to test whether clinicians think hierarchically about mental disorders.

Method: Seventy six clinicians were asked to sort 67 diagnostic categories into groups using different instruction sets, either to make progressively larger and smaller groups of diagnoses (Study 1) or to place similar groups next to each other (Study 1 and Study 2).

Clinicians' conceptualizations of comorbid cases: a test of additive versus nonadditive models.

Comorbidity in psychopathology is a common phenomenon. However, little is known about the way in which clinicians think about comorbid cases. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR; American Psychiatric Association, 2000) implies an additive model of concept combination, but studies of human cognition find that individuals often combine concepts in nonadditive ways.

An alternative hierarchical organization of the mental disorders of the DSM-IV.

With the approaching publication of the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), alternative organizations of the DSM (4th ed.; DSM-IV; American Psychiatric Association, 1994) categories have been proposed. This article compares several published alternative organizations to clinicians' organization of the DSM-IV categories.

Do clinicians see Axis I and Axis II as different kinds of disorders?

Since 1980, personality disorders have been conceptualized as a qualitatively different kind of mental disorder and placed on their own "axis." In this study, clinicians were given 67 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition diagnoses and were asked to discard unfamiliar diagnoses, make groups of similar diagnoses, place the most similar groups next to each other, and describe the overall structure of their taxonomies. Results showed that clinicians were more familiar with the personality disorders than with some kinds of Axis I disorders (eg, sleep disorders).

Gender acts as a context for interpreting diagnostic criteria.

This study used a unique methodology to determine the aspects of case vignettes that elicited an effect of case gender on diagnosis. A total of 99 psychiatrists and psychologists were shown cases representing a man or a woman that contained varying numbers of histrionic and antisocial criteria. The cases were presented by computer a few sentences at a time.

Voices of the five doctoral training councils in psychology: seeking common ground on Combined-Integrated doctoral training in psychology.

Doctoral training programs in psychology are accredited by the American Psychological Association in four areas: Clinical, Counseling, School, and Combined-Integrated (C-I) psychology. Each area of doctoral preparation in psychology has its own council, which represents its interests within the field and to external constituents. Despite the fact that Combined-Integrated training programs have existed since the mid-1970s, the Consortium representing this area's interests only formed in the past two years.

Gender bias in the diagnosis of personality disorders: the roles of base rates and social stereotypes.

In all three studies described in this article, novices were trained to associate traits from the DSM-IV Cluster B personality disorder categories with four letters of the alphabet. Novices were also taught various gender associations (i.e.