Gender equity in authorship of emergency medicine publications in Australasia.

Objective: To evaluate gender authorship trends in the official journal of the Australasian College for Emergency Medicine (ACEM), Emergency Medicine Australasia (EMA).

Methods: A bibliometric review of author gender in EMA during the 10-year period 2013-2022. The gender of first/last authors were determined by www.

Lateral subvastus approach to total knee arthroplasty: A novel surgical technique and retrospective review of 931 consecutive cases.

Background: The lateral muscle-sparing approach total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has been detailed and indicated selectively for severe valgus deformities. We present the largest, to date, consecutive series of lateral subvastus TKAs and we hypothesize that preoperative alignments would demonstrate no differences in range of motion (ROM), knee society scores (KSS), kneeling ability, patient satisfaction, or complications.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study examined 931 primary TKAs in 824 patients performed through the lateral subvastus approach with one to two years follow-up.

What effect did the New Zealand COVID-19 lockdown have on computed tomography-head scan utilisation in patients presenting to the emergency department with traumatic head injuries?

Objectives: To explore the unique impact the first COVID-19 national lockdown in New Zealand (NZ) had on the utility of computed tomography (CT)-head scanning in patients presenting to the ED with head injuries.

Methods: Retrospective observational study of CT-head use in head-injured patients presenting to the ED during the 2020 COVID-19 lockdown compared to the corresponding time period in 2019.

Results: During the lockdown period in 2020, the total number of ED presentations reduced by 30.

Deployment of biologging tags on free swimming large whales using uncrewed aerial systems.

Suction-cup-attached biologging tags have led to major advances in our understanding of large whale behaviour. Getting close enough to a whale at sea to safely attach a tag is a major limiting factor when deploying these systems. Here we present an uncrewed aerial system (UAS)-based tagging technique for free-swimming large whales and provide data on efficacy from field testing on blue () and fin () whales.

Is the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 5th Edition a useful concussion assessment tool in head-injured patients presenting to the emergency department?

Objective: Concussion is a common ED complaint, but diagnosis is challenging as there are no validated objective measures. Use of concussion tools derived from sports medicine is common, but these tools are not well validated in ED settings. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 5th Edition (SCAT5) to identify concussion in ED patients presenting following head injury.

Exploring the feasibility of smartglass facilitated remote supervision in the emergency department: A simulation study.

Objective: Smartglasses are a wearable computer technology that has potential to facilitate remote supervision to junior doctors working in different clinical settings. The present study aimed to explore the feasibility of smartglass technology to enable remote supervision of junior clinicians by senior clinicians during emergency simulation scenarios.

Methods: This was a feasibility simulation study using high-fidelity mannequins and standardised patients.

Diagnostic performance of S100B as a rule-out test for intracranial pathology in head-injured patients presenting to the emergency department who meet NICE Head Injury Guideline criteria for CT-head scan.

Background: Traumatic brain injury is a common ED presentation. CT-head utilisation is escalating, exacerbating resource pressure in the ED. The biomarker S100B could assist clinicians with CT-head decisions by excluding intracranial pathology.

Evidence from sperm whale clans of symbolic marking in non-human cultures.

Culture, a pillar of the remarkable ecological success of humans, is increasingly recognized as a powerful force structuring nonhuman animal populations. A key gap between these two types of culture is quantitative evidence of symbolic markers-seemingly arbitrary traits that function as reliable indicators of cultural group membership to conspecifics. Using acoustic data collected from 23 Pacific Ocean locations, we provide quantitative evidence that certain sperm whale acoustic signals exhibit spatial patterns consistent with a symbolic marker function.

Cruise ship patient presentation, admission, and intervention rates to the emergency department.

Aims: Patients presenting to emergency departments (EDs) from cruise ships are a unique cohort of patients with several management challenges. Little evidence details the effect this has on EDs in terms of resource use. Therefore, we aimed to review the frequency, characteristics, admission, and intervention rates of cruise ship patient presentations to ED.

Use of the Theoretical Domains Framework to explore factors influencing paediatric fever management practices and antipyretic use in New Zealand emergency departments.

Aim: To explore factors influencing fever management practices and antipyretic use among New Zealand Emergency Department (ED) doctors and nurses using the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF).

Methods: Cross-sectional survey of doctors and nurses across 11 New Zealand EDs. The questionnaire examined eight of 12 TDF domains, based on a generic questionnaire validated to assess TDF-based determinants of health-care professional behaviour.

Paediatric fever management practices and antipyretic use among doctors and nurses in New Zealand emergency departments.

Objectives: To assess (i) paediatric fever management practices among New Zealand ED doctors and nurses, including adherence to best practice guidelines; and (ii) the acceptability of a randomised controlled trial (RCT) of antipyretics for relief of discomfort in young children.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey of doctors and nurses across 11 New Zealand EDs. The primary outcome of adherence to paediatric fever management best practice guidelines was assessed with clinical vignettes and defined as single antipyretic use for the relief of fever-related discomfort.

Exploring nursing and medical perceptions of sepsis management in a New Zealand emergency department: A qualitative study.

Objective: Early sepsis recognition and treatment are essential in order to reduce the burden of disease. Initial assessment of patients with infection is often undertaken by ED nurses and resident doctors. This descriptive qualitative study aimed to explore their perceptions and perspectives regarding the factors that impede the identification and management of patients with sepsis.

Can serum biomarkers be used to rule out significant intracranial pathology in emergency department patients with mild traumatic brain injury? A Systemic Review & Meta-Analysis.

Background: Interest has mounted into the use of objective clinical biomarkers for traumatic brain injury (TBI). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesise the existing evidence investigating the use of serum & plasma biomarkers to exclude significant intracranial injuries seen on CT head scans in patients that present to ED with TBI.

Methods: The primary outcome was to review the diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity & specificity) of S100B, GFAP and UCH-L1 to exclude significant intracranial pathology on CT head scan in adults presenting with TBI.

Workplace wellbeing in emergency departments in Aotearoa New Zealand 2020.

Aim: To quantify staff burnout and wellbeing in emergency departments (EDs) throughout New Zealand (NZ).

Methods: A national cross sectional electronic survey of New Zealand clinical and non-clinical ED staff was conducted between 9 March and 3 April 2020. Burnout and wellbeing were assessed using the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) and a variety of quantitative measures.

Facilitators, barriers and opportunities in workplace wellbeing: A national survey of emergency department staff.

Introduction: Emergency department (ED) staff face daily exposure to the illness, injury, intoxication, violence and distress of others. Rates of clinician burnout are high and associated with poor patient outcomes. This study sought to measure the prevalence of burnout in ED personnel as well as determine the important facilitators of and barriers to workplace wellbeing.

Alcohol and acute traumatic brain injury in the emergency department.

Objective: There is limited research from Australasian EDs describing the demographic make-up, injury severity and impact of alcohol in patients requiring computed tomography (CT) for suspected traumatic brain injury (TBI). The present study aims to review the frequency and presenting patterns of patients who consume alcohol prior to presenting with suspected TBI.

Methods: Retrospective observational study of patients referred for head CT to exclude TBI from a major referral centre and regional ED in New Zealand, between 1 September 2018 and 31 August 2019.

Effect of simulation training on nurse leadership in a shared leadership model for cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the emergency department.

Objective: Empowering a senior nurse in a shared leadership role has been proposed as a more efficient set up for the cardiac arrest team in ED. In this model, a senior nurse leads the cardiac arrest algorithm which allows cognitive off-loading of the lead emergency physician. The emergency physician is then more available to perform tasks such as echocardiography and exclude reversible causes.

Partial Inhibition of RNA Polymerase I Promotes Animal Health and Longevity.

Health and survival in old age can be improved by changes in gene expression. RNA polymerase (Pol) I is the essential, conserved enzyme whose task is to generate the pre-ribosomal RNA (rRNA). We find that reducing the levels of Pol I activity is sufficient to extend lifespan in the fruit fly.

Correction: Quality of life measures predict cardiovascular health and physical performance in chronic renal failure patients.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Quality of life measures predict cardiovascular health and physical performance in chronic renal failure patients.

Background: Patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) experience complex functional and structural changes of the cardiopulmonary and musculoskeletal system. This results in reduced exercise tolerance, quality of life and ultimately premature death. We investigated the relationship between subjective measures of health related quality of life and objective, standardised functional measures for cardiovascular and pulmonary health.

Science Communication Through Art: Objectives, Challenges, and Outcomes.

The arts are becoming a favored medium for conveying science to the public. Tracking trending approaches, such as community-engaged learning, alongside challenges and goals can help establish metrics to achieve more impactful outcomes, and to determine the effectiveness of arts-based science communication for raising awareness or shaping public policy.