The effect of inpatient addiction screening and intervention on readmissions.

Aim: The number of individuals in the United States (US) needing treatment for substance use disorder (SUD) but not receiving treatment at a specialty facility was reported to be almost 18 million in 2019. This study measured the difference in subsequent hospital visits between groups, one receiving screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) and one receiving usual care.

Background: There are studies that discuss SBIRT in terms of process evaluation, staff training, reduced readmission rates, and self-reported reductions in substance use.

A novel endocrinology-based wellness program to reduce medication expenditures and improve glycemic outcomes.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to determine the difference in diabetes-related medication expenditures as a result of a 16-week lifestyle intervention program. Medical expenditures for patients with diabetes are twice as high compared to patients without this condition. Secondary objectives were changes in HbA1C, BMI, weight, body fat, and program satisfaction.

Full circle-old drugs prove more beneficial than newer agents for schizophrenia: a case report.

A 55-year-old female with a diagnosis of schizophrenia currently resides in an assisted living facility in a large metropolitan suburb. For approximately 25 years, the patient was relegated to a life of poor symptom control and social adjustment, largely due to nonadherence, relapse, and rehospitalization. The patient experienced a trial-and-error approach to drug therapy, which resulted in reliance on the older or first generation agents for symptom improvement.

Training novice psychotherapists: Helping skills and beyond.

We provide a rationale for doing helping skills training with novice psychotherapists, present a basic framework for our ideas, outline the major components of training, and then talk about what comes after helping skills training. We provide hypotheses that can be tested to determine the effectiveness of helping skills training for novice psychotherapists and encourage researchers to do more research in this area. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved).

Robotic assisted spinal surgery--from concept to clinical practice.

After several years of product development, animal trials and human cadaver testing, the SpineAssist--a miniature bone-mounted robotic system--has recently entered clinical use. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the only available image-based mechanical guidance system that enables pedicle screw insertion with an overall accuracy in the range of 1 mm in both open and minimally invasive procedures. In this paper, we describe the development and clinical trial process that has brought the SpineAssist to its current state, with an emphasis on the various difficulties encountered along the way and the corresponding solutions.

A double-blind, placebo-controlled, exploratory trial of chromium picolinate in atypical depression: effect on carbohydrate craving.

Background: : In a small pilot trial, patients with atypical depression demonstrated significant positive therapeutic response to chromium picolinate. This finding is of interest because of the demonstrated link between depression, decreased insulin sensitivity, and subsequent diabetes and chromium picolinate's insulin enhancing effect.

Methods: : In this double-blind, multicenter, 8-week replication study, 113 adult outpatients with atypical depression were randomized 2:1 to receive 600 mug/day of elemental chromium, as provided by chromium picolinate (CrPic), or placebo.

Comparative pharmacodynamics and plasma concentrations of d-threo-methylphenidate hydrochloride after single doses of d-threo-methylphenidate hydrochloride and d,l-threo-methylphenidate hydrochloride in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover laboratory school study in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Objective: Methylphenidate has four optical isomers due to two asymmetries (erythro-threo and dextro-levo). The initial commercial formulation eliminated the erythro isomer, but the dextro-levo asymmetry was racemic, with equal amounts of d and l-threo isomers (d,l-MPH). Previous work has suggested that the d-threo isomer methylphenidate (d-MPH) rather than the l-threo isomer (l-MPH) is responsible for the clinical effects in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Evaluation of a novel tourniquet device for bloodless surgery of the hand.

This study evaluates a new device (S-MART ) for exsanguination and occlusion of the blood flow to the arm for hand surgery. The device consists of a silicone ring wrapped within a sterile stockinette and pull straps. It is applied by placing it on the patient's fingers and rolling it up the limb to the desired occlusion site by pulling on the straps.

Cortical and cancellous morselized allograft in acetabular revision total hip replacement: minimum 5-year follow-up.

Sixty patients who had had revision acetabular components with impaction morselized bone graft were studied in a retrospective, matched-pair analysis. In 30 patients, the morselized graft was derived from cortical bone (group A), and in 30 patients, the graft was derived from cancellous bone (group B). The patients were matched for age, gender, weight, comorbid conditions, Charnley category, severity of bone loss, and allograft preparation.

Cancellous and cortical morselized allograft in revision total hip replacement: A biomechanical study of implant stability.

To restore femoral intramedullary bone stock loss in revision surgery of failed total hip arthroplasties, impacted morselized cancellous allograft is recommended. This study investigated the mechanical properties of both impacted cortical (group A) and cancellous (group B) morselized bone graft for reconstruction of femoral bones. Ten matched pairs of fresh frozen human femora were prepared by over-reaming to create a smooth-walled cortical shell.

Cortical and cancellous morselized allograft in revision total hip replacement.

Fifty patients who had revision femoral components with morselized impacted bone graft were studied in a retrospective, matched-pair analysis. In 25 patients the morselized graft was derived from cortical bone (Group A) and in 25 patients the morselized graft was derived from cancellous bone (Group B). The patients were matched for age, gender, weight, comorbid conditions, severity of bone loss, and allograft preparation.

Intraosseous ganglia of glenoid.

A rare case of intraosseous ganglia of the glenoid in a 35-year-old woman is presented. The patient had painful right shoulder and no limit of motion. Radiographs and computed tomographic scans showed a large lytic lesion involving the entire glenoid bone.

Intra-synovial, compared to intra-articular morphine provides better pain relief following knee arthroscopy menisectomy.

Purpose: To evaluate the analgesic effect of morphine 1 mg administered into the synovial tissue and the outer third of the meniscus after knee arthroscopy.

Methods: In a prospective, double-blind, randomized study, 60 patients who required elective knee arthroscopy were assigned to two groups: Group A consisted of 30 patients who received a direct injection of morphine 1 mg into either the synovial tissue or the outer third of the meniscus following menisectomy. Group B consisted of 30 patients who received a direct injection of NaCl 0.

The effect of abduction differences between cup and contralateral acetabular angle on polyethylene component wear.

One hundred forty-two patients who underwent cemented or uncemented hip replacement were studied radiographically to determine acetabular component wear. Mean duration of follow-up was 58 months (range: 35-92 months). Average linear wear was 0.

Hydroxyapatite-coated total hip replacements in patients 65 years of age and over.

Prospective review examined 69 patients aged over 65 years (mean: 73 years; range: 65 to 85 years) who underwent 72 primary hydroxyapatite-coated total hip replacements by one surgeon. The femoral component used was titanium alloy coated by hydroxyapatite on the proximal third and the acetabular component was spherical and unthreaded, coated with hydroxyapatite. All patients were evaluated clinically by Harris Hip Score and radiologically using Engh's criteria with a mean follow-up of 86 months (range: 29 months to 10 years).

The effect of intramedullary corticocancellous bone plug for hip hemiarthroplasty.

Background: A prospective review was performed on 60 consecutive patients with hip hemiarthroplasty after femoral neck fractures.

Methods: Twenty-two patients underwent Austin Moore hemiarthroplasty with an intramedullary corticocancellous bone plug at the tip of the prosthesis (group A) and 38 patients underwent Austin Moore hemiarthroplasty alone (group B). The patients were evaluated clinically and radiographically at 3 and 6 months postoperatively and annually thereafter.

Hydroxyapatite-coated total hip replacement in Paget's disease: 20 patients followed for 4-8 years.

20 patients, who had had total hip replacements for symptomatic osteoarthrosis secondary to Paget's disease, were followed for a mean of 6 (4-8) years. Proximal hydroxyapatite-coated stems were implanted in all patients. 12 patients received hydroxyapatite-coated, 2 cemented (Muller type) and 6 cementless cups (Morsher type).

The role of computed tomography in cervical spinal injury due to diving.

We studied both the clinical features and computed tomography (CT) findings in 25 patients with a cervical spinal injury related to diving. In all patients the X-rays, including anteroposterior, lateral and open mouth views, were normal. The clinical features included headache, dizziness, without an alteration in the state of consciousness.

The effect of intramedullary bone plug on femoral stem migration of hydroxyapatite-coated hip arthroplasty.

This study investigated the effect of intramedullary corticocancellous bone plug on the fixation and stability of hydroxyapatite-coated femoral stems in total hip arthroplasty (THA). Intramedullary corticocancellous bone plug was used in 30 patients with hydroxyapatite-coated femoral stems (group A) and a consecutive series of 30 patients with hypdroxyapatite-coated stems without bone plug served as the control group (group B). Patients underwent clinical and radiographic follow-up for at least 2 years.

[Conversion total hip replacement after failed internal fixation of intertrochantric fracture].

Between 1933-1995, 16 patients underwent conversion-total hip replacement after internal fixation of an intertrochanteric fracture failed. Clinical results were unsatisfactory compared to primary total hip replacement. There was a high incidence of intra- and postoperative complications, including femoral fracture, wound infection, and aseptic loosening.

[Intra-osseous ganglion of scaphoid and lunate bones].

We present a patient with intra-osseous ganglion of the left scaphoid and lunate bones. These were excised and a bone graft inserted. 1 year after operation the patient was free of pain, without limitation of wrist motion.

Humeral fracture following shoulder arthroplasty.

Fracture of the humeral shaft after total or hemiarthroplasty of the shoulder occurs infrequently but has serious consequences. This article reports on five patients with ipsilateral humeral fractures following shoulder hemiarthroplasty who were treated either conservatively or surgically. Fractures in the three patients treated conservatively healed on average by 7 months.