Validation of the Polish version of the DREEM questionnaire - a confirmatory factor analysis.

Aim: The aim of our study was to translate and adapt the Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) questionnaire developed by Roff et al. to the cultural conditions in Poland and also to validate it. Studying the learning environment is beneficial because it can identify students' perceptions of their environment and support the staff in reflecting on, planning for and combining proper teaching approaches to improve it.

The impact of multisite pain on functional outcomes in older adults: biopsychosocial considerations.

Multisite pain, or pain that occurs simultaneously at >1 anatomical site, is more prevalent than single-site pain. While multisite pain affects over half of older adults, it remains an understudied pain entity that may have important functional implications in an aging population. Greater understanding of this complex pain entity from a biopsychosocial perspective is critical for optimizing clinical and functional outcomes in older adults with pain.

Immunogenicity and Efficacy of a Novel Multi-Antigenic Peptide Vaccine Based on Cross-Reactivity between Feline and Human Immunodeficiency Viruses.

For the development of an effective HIV-1 vaccine, evolutionarily conserved epitopes between feline and human immunodeficiency viruses (FIV and HIV-1) were determined by analyzing overlapping peptides from retroviral genomes that induced both anti-FIV/HIV T cell-immunity in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells from the FIV-vaccinated cats and the HIV-infected humans. The conserved T-cell epitopes on p24 and reverse transcriptase were selected based on their robust FIV/HIV-specific CD8⁺ cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL), CD4⁺ CTL, and polyfunctional T-cell activities. Four such evolutionarily conserved epitopes were formulated into four multiple antigen peptides (MAPs), mixed with an adjuvant, to be tested as FIV vaccine in cats.

Students' perceptions of the learning environment in two Nigerian medical schools offering different curricula.

Objective: Compare the results of administering the DREEM questionnaire in two Nigerian medical schools offering traditional and student-centred curricular respectively, to identify any differences in the learning environment and appreciate advantages of the more modern curriculum.

Methods: A survey design was used. Data was analysed using the DREEM scoring rubric.

Standing out with Professionalism: How do Students and Faculty of two different Medical Schools perceive it?

Background And Objectives: Medical professionalism is an essential aspect of medical education and practice worldwide. Our objective was to explore and compare the perception as recommended sanctions about professionalism lapses, using the ", among the faculty and the students' of two different medical schools in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: Respondents from the two medical schools in Saudi Arabia, recommended sanctions for the first time, absolute lapses in academic professionalism were determined by using the "Dundee Polyprofessionalism Inventory 1: Academic Integrity".

Geographic distribution of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in wild rats (Rattus rattus) and terrestrial snails in Florida, USA.

The parasitic nematode Angiostrongylus cantonensis is a major cause of eosinophilic meningitis in humans, and has been documented in other incidental hosts such as birds, horses, dogs and non-human primates. It is endemic in Hawaii, and there have been sporadic reports in the southern continental United States. This parasite uses rats as definitive hosts and snails as intermediate hosts.

Similarities and variances in perception of professionalism among Saudi and Egyptian Medical Students.

Background & Objective: Professionalism has a number of culturally specific elements, therefore, it is imperative to identify areas of congruence and variations in the behaviors in which professionalism is understood in different countries. This study aimed to explore and compare the recommendation of sanctions by medical students of College of Medicine, King Saud University (KSU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia and students from three medical colleges in Egypt.

Methods: The responses were recorded using an anonymous, self-administered survey " Dundee Polyprofessionalism Inventory I: Academic Integrity".

Your professionalism is not my professionalism: congruence and variance in the views of medical students and faculty about professionalism.

Background: Medical professionalism is an essential aspect of medical education and practice worldwide and it must be adopted according to different social and cultural contexts. We examined the current congruence and variance in the perception of professionalism in undergraduate medical students and faculty members in one medical school in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: The target population was first year to final year medical students of College of Medicine, King Saud University.

Comparison of recommended sanctions for lapses in professionalism of undergraduate medical students in a Saudi Arabian and a Scottish medical school.

Background: Medical Professionalism is recognized as a cultural construct. We explore perceptions of the severity of lapses in professionalism of undergraduate medical students at two medical schools with different cultural contexts.

Methods: Respondents from two medical schools (Saudi Arabia & UK) recommended sanctions for the first time, unmitigated lapses in academic professionalism, using the Dundee Polyprofessionalism Inventory 1: Academic Integrity.

Exploring the climates of undergraduate professionalism in a Saudi and a UK medical school.

Aim: To explore the usefulness of an online inventory for tracking medical students' understanding of the importance of lapses in academic integrity.

Method: Respondents were asked to recommend sanctions for lapses as a proxy of their understanding of the importance of the 34 types of poor professionalism.

Results: The data suggest that while there is congruence, there are also substantial differences between ratings of the importance of poor professionalism, particularly in relation to data integrity, between a cohort in Saudi Arabia and one in the UK.

Psychometric analysis of the ambulatory care learning education environment measure (ACLEEM) in Iran.

Background: Examining educational environment (academic and clinical) by means of a valid, reliable and comprehensive questionnaire is a major key in achieving a highly qualified student - oriented curricula. The Persian translation of Ambulatory Care Learning Education Environment Measure-ACLEEM questionnaire has been developed to support this goal, and its psychometrics has been explored in this administration in teaching hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences.

Methods: This descriptive - analytical study involved medical residents in four major clinics.

An initial examination of the potential role of T-cell immunity in protection against feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infection.

The importance of vaccine-induced T-cell immunity in conferring protection with prototype and commercial FIV vaccines is still unclear. Current studies performed adoptive transfer of T cells from prototype FIV-vaccinated cats to partial-to-complete feline leukocyte antigen (FLA)-matched cats a day before either homologous FIVPet or heterologous-subtype pathogenic FIVFC1 challenge. Adoptive-transfer (A-T) conferred a protection rate of 87% (13 of 15, p < 0.

Conserved epitopes on HIV-1, FIV and SIV p24 proteins are recognized by HIV-1 infected subjects.

Cross-reactive peptides on HIV-1 and FIV p24 protein sequences were studied using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from untreated HIV-1-infected long-term survivors (LTS; >10 y of infection without antiretroviral therapy, ART), short-term HIV-1 infected subjects not on ART, and ART-treated HIV-1 infected subjects. IFNγ-ELISpot and CFSE-proliferation analyses were performed with PBMC using overlapping HIV-1 and FIV p24 peptides. Over half of the HIV-1 infected subjects tested (22/31 or 71%) responded to one or more FIV p24 peptide pools by either IFNγ or T-cell proliferation analysis.

Chordomas at High Prevalence in the Captive Population of the Endangered Perdido Key Beach Mouse (Peromyscus polionotus trissyllepsis).

The Perdido Key beach mouse (Peromyscus polionotus trissyllepsis) is a critically endangered subspecies of the oldfield mouse. The captive population, currently maintained by 3 Florida zoos, is entirely derived from just 3 wild-caught ancestor mice. Necropsy and histopathology revealed chordoma of the vertebral column in 38 of 88 (43%) mice.

Reconsidering the "decline" of medical student empathy as reported in studies using the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy-Student version (JSPE-S).

Introduction: The suggestion that empathy "declines" or "erodes" as students progress through medical school has largely rested on observations reported from Jefferson Medical College in the United States using the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (JSPE) developed by Hojat and colleagues. Now that the student version of JSPE has been administered to medical students in more than a dozen countries, it is timely to consider whether or not the Jefferson "case study" and the conclusions drawn from it are generalisable.

Methods: A literature research was conducted on MEDLINE in mid-2014 to identify studies reporting administrations of the Student version of JPSE (JSPE-S) to cohorts of medical students and the means for studies and their sub-parts conducted in Japan, South Korea, China, Kuwait, India, Iran, UK, USA, Australia, Brazil, Colombia, the Dominican Republic and Portugal.

An instrument for evaluating clinical teaching in Japan: content validity and cultural sensitivity.

Background: Many instruments for evaluating clinical teaching have been developed but almost all in Western countries. None of these instruments have been validated for the Asian culture, and a literature search yielded no instruments that were developed specifically for that culture. A key element that influences content validity in developing instruments for evaluating the quality of teaching is culture.

Prevalence of lapses in academic integrity in two Pakistani medical colleges.

Objective: To determine prevalence of professionalism lapses related to academic integrity by students Pakistani medical colleges.

Subjects: 520 students.

Study Design: Cross sectional.

Recommended sanctions for lapses in professionalism by student and faculty respondents to Dundee Polyprofessionalism inventory I: academic integrity in one medical school in Saudi Arabia.

Background: At a time when the Committee of Deans of the Medical Schools in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is entering the second phase of developing Learning Outcomes for Bachelor Degree Programs in Medicine, we investigated the current level of understanding of the importance of academic probity in one Saudi medical school.

Methods: We administered the Dundee Polyprofessionalism Inventory I: Academic Integrity to students and faculty at one Saudi medical school.

Results: While there was considerable concordance between the 103 Saudi students and 64 Saudi faculty, there were also some aspects of lapses in professionalism relating to academic integrity where enhanced teaching is indicated to help the students prepare for their responsibilities as doctors.

Egyptian medical students' recommended responses to the Dundee Polyprofessionalism Inventory I: Academic Integrity.

The Dundee Polyprofessionalism Inventory I: Academic Integrity was administered to 219 medical students from three Egyptian medical schools. The results indicate a high level of congruence between the genders in Recommended Sanctions on a scale of 1-10 ranging from Ignore through Reprimand to Expulsion/Report to Regulatory Body. Some variations in Recommended Sanctions occurred among the age groups 17-19 years; 20-24 years, and 25 years and older.

Validating modified PHEEM questionnaire for measuring educational environment in academic emergency departments.

Background: The quality of the educational environment is a key determinant in postgraduate training programs. In order to evaluate and understand this environment a valid and reliable instrument is required. The PHEEM (Postgraduate Hospital Educational Environment Measure) questionnaire is one of the most widely used tools for evaluating the perception of hospital-based residents.