Case Report: A delicate equilibrium of exocrine pancreatic recovery and hepatotoxicity with elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor therapy in a pediatric patient with cystic fibrosis.

This case report presents a comprehensive evaluation of the complex balance of therapeutic benefits and potential risks associated with the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) therapy in managing an eight-year-old male with cystic fibrosis (CF) and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI). While ETI therapy significantly enhanced exocrine pancreatic function, it led to hepatotoxicity, necessitating therapy discontinuation. Attempts to restart ETI at reduced doses were unsuccessful due to persistent hepatic dysfunction.

Real-World Outcomes with the KEYNOTE-522 Regimen in Early-Stage Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Background: This study aimed to determine if the neoadjuvant (NAT) KEYNOTE-522 regimen was associated with higher rates of pathologic complete response (pCR), corresponding to higher rates of breast conservation therapy (BCT) in early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients.

Patients And Methods: Stage II-III TNBC patients diagnosed between 2019 and 2022 who underwent NAT were analyzed retrospectively. NAT with KEYNOTE-522 versus control NAT were compared for rates of BCT, axillary node dissection (ALND), pCR, and survival outcomes.

The continuing need for dornase alfa for extracellular airway DNA hydrolysis in the era of CFTR modulators.

Introduction: The availability of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators opens the possibility of discontinuing some chronic pulmonary therapies to decrease cystic fibrosis (CF) treatment burden. However, CFTR modulators may not adequately address neutrophilic inflammation, which contributes to a self-perpetual cycle of viscous CF sputum, airway obstruction, inflammation, and lung function decline.

Areas Covered: This review discusses the emerging role of neutrophil extracellular traps in CF and its role in CF sputum viscosity, airway obstruction, and inflammation, based on a literature search of PubMed (1990-present).

A real-world test of artificial intelligence infiltration of a university examinations system: A "Turing Test" case study.

The recent rise in artificial intelligence systems, such as ChatGPT, poses a fundamental problem for the educational sector. In universities and schools, many forms of assessment, such as coursework, are completed without invigilation. Therefore, students could hand in work as their own which is in fact completed by AI.

Breast cancer survivorship.

Breast cancer survivorship care transitions from active treatment to focus on surveillance and health maintenance. This review article discusses the crucial aspects of breast cancer survivorship, which include cancer surveillance, management of treatment side effects, implementation of a healthy lifestyle, and psychosocial support.

Rapid identification,fluconazole and micafungin susceptibility testing of Candida species from blood culture by a short incubation method.

This study aimed to develop and validate a rapid method for identification by MALDI-TOF system and determination of the susceptibility to Fluconazole and Micafungin by broth microdilution among Candidaspecies causing bloodstream infections. Subcultures from blood culture bottles were incubated for 5 hours (+/- 1h) and used to perform the tests, so that the turnaround time of rapid identification and susceptibility profile was about 5 and 24 hours, respectively. The rapid identification showed agreement of 92.

Linkages between maternal experience of intimate partner violence and child nutrition outcomes: A rapid evidence assessment.

Background: A strong evidence base indicates that maternal caregivers' experience of intimate partner violence [IPV] impacts children's health, cognitive development, and risk-taking behaviors. Our objective was to review peer-reviewed literature describing the associations between a child's indirect exposure to IPV and corresponding nutrition outcomes, with a particular focus on fragile settings in low and middle-income countries [LMICs].

Methods: We conducted a rapid evidence assessment to synthesize quantitative associations between maternal caregivers' IPV experience and children's nutrition/growth outcomes (birthweight, feeding, and growth indicators).

Chronic daily respiratory care needs in people with cystic fibrosis treated with highly effective cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator modulators.

Purpose Of Review: Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disease that increases risk of death from respiratory failure because of impairment in mucociliary clearance. Complex daily care regimens including medications and airway clearance techniques (ACTs) aim to preserve lung function and alleviate symptoms for people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF). The success of highly effective modulator therapy (HEMT) permits evaluation of treatment simplification.

Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell (hMSC) Donor Potency Selection for the "First in Cystic Fibrosis" Phase I Clinical Trial (CEASE-CF).

Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell (hMSC) immunotherapy has been shown to provide both anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial effectiveness in a variety of diseases. The clinical potency of hMSCs is based upon an initial direct hMSC effect on the pro-inflammatory and anti-microbial pathophysiology as well as sustained potency through orchestrating the host immunity to optimize the resolution of infection and tissue damage. Cystic fibrosis (CF) patients suffer from a lung disease characterized by excessive inflammation and chronic infection as well as a variety of other systemic anomalies associated with the consequences of abnormal cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) function.

Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor in Children Aged ⩾6 Years with Cystic Fibrosis and at Least One Allele: A Phase 3, Open-Label Clinical Trial.

A 24-week, phase 3, open-label study showed elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ELX/TEZ/IVA) was safe and efficacious in children aged 6-11 years with cystic fibrosis (CF) and one or more alleles. To assess long-term safety and efficacy of ELX/TEZ/IVA in children who completed the pivotal 24-week phase 3 trial. In this phase 3, two-part (part A and part B), open-label extension study, children aged ⩾6 years with CF heterozygous for and a minimal function mutation (/MF genotypes) or homozygous for ( genotype) who completed the 24-week parent study received ELX/TEZ/IVA based on weight.

Julia for biologists.

Major computational challenges exist in relation to the collection, curation, processing and analysis of large genomic and imaging datasets, as well as the simulation of larger and more realistic models in systems biology. Here we discuss how a relative newcomer among programming languages-Julia-is poised to meet the current and emerging demands in the computational biosciences and beyond. Speed, flexibility, a thriving package ecosystem and readability are major factors that make high-performance computing and data analysis available to an unprecedented degree.

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospital-manifested COVID-19 among Brazilians.

Objectives: To analyze the clinical characteristics and outcomes of admitted patients with the hospital- versus community-manifested COVID-19 and to evaluate the risk factors related to mortality in the first population.

Methods: This retrospective cohort included consecutive adult patients with COVID-19, hospitalized between March and September 2020. The demographic data, clinical characteristics, and outcomes were extracted from medical records.

Optimizing adjuvant and post-neoadjuvant therapy in HER2-positive early breast cancer.

Introduction: Treatment advances have improved outcomes in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive early-stage breast cancer (eBC) but certain patients remain at high risk of recurrence. Neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) has comparable outcomes to adjuvant therapy with the advantage of surgical down-staging, response assessment, informing prognosis, and tailoring adjuvant treatment. Thus, the standard of care for the majority of HER2-positive eBC has become a combination of chemotherapy and HER2-targeted agents given in the neoadjuvant setting.

Resting-state functional connectivity does not predict individual differences in the effects of emotion on memory.

Emotion-laden events and objects are typically better remembered than neutral ones. This is usually explained by stronger functional coupling in the brain evoked by emotional content. However, most research on this issue has focused on functional connectivity evoked during or after learning.

Epidemiology of Eosinophilic Esophagitis in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis: A Population-Based 5-Year Study.

Purpose: The prevalence of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) has been on the rise since it was first described in the 1990s. Several diseases and exogenous factors have been associated with EoE. Our aim was to investigate the epidemiology of EoE in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients.

Systematic validation of an automated thalamic parcellation technique using anatomical data at 3T.

The thalamus is a brain region formed from functionally distinct nuclei, which contribute in important ways to various cognitive processes. Yet, much of the human neuroscience literature treats the thalamus as one homogeneous region, and consequently the unique contribution of specific nuclei to behaviour remains under-appreciated. This is likely due in part to the technical challenge of dissociating nuclei using conventional structural imaging approaches.

Predictors of venous thromboembolism in COVID-19 patients: results of the COVID-19 Brazilian Registry.

Previous studies that assessed risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE) in COVID-19 patients have shown inconsistent results. Our aim was to investigate VTE predictors by both logistic regression (LR) and machine learning (ML) approaches, due to their potential complementarity. This cohort study of a large Brazilian COVID-19 Registry included 4120 COVID-19 adult patients from 16 hospitals.

Eosinophilic esophagitis in cystic fibrosis: A case series with long-term follow-up.

Challenging mealtime behaviors in young children and difficulties in meeting their dietary intake recommendations are sources of parenting stress and associated with negative quality of life. The gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations of cystic fibrosis (CF) can often present similarly to a GI pathology unrelated to CF. Specifically, this case series focuses on three toddlers with CF who presented with oral aversion and challenging mealtime behaviors and later were diagnosed with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE).

The use of tobramycin for Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a review.

Introduction: is a common respiratory pathogen that contributes to chronic pulmonary infection in individuals with cystic fibrosis. Guidelines recommend early intervention upon positive culture. Tobramycin has in vitro activity against Gram-negative bacteria, including , and TOBI Podhaler is indicated for the management of individuals with cystic fibrosis with infection.

Psychological Interventions for Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence in Humanitarian Settings: An Overview of the Evidence and Implementation Considerations.

This paper provides an analytical overview of different types of psychological interventions that have demonstrated efficacy in low-income and/or humanitarian settings and points to special considerations that may be needed if used with women who have been subjected to gender-based violence (GBV). This paper reviews diverse therapeutic modalities and contrasts them across several domains, including their conventional use and principles; their documented use and efficacy in humanitarian settings; any special considerations or modifications necessary for GBV-affected clients; and any additional resources or implementation concerns when working in low-income contexts. By examining the evidence base of multiple interventions, we hope to provide clinicians and GBV-prevention advocates with an overview of tools/approaches to provide survivor-centered, trauma-informed responses to GBV survivors.