A pigment dispersion syndrome case with concave iris and ocular hypertension managed through a phakic ICL implantation.

Introduction: A concave iris configuration is a characteristic feature of pigment dispersion syndrome (PDS). Therapeutic strategies to modify this configuration may be considered as first-line options for the treatment of ocular hypertension in PDS patients.

Case Description: A 37-year-old male patient with myopic anisometropia presented bilateral PDS with concave iris, Krukenberg's spindle and iris transillumination defect in both eyes.

Short-term changes in the trabecular iris angle and anterior chamber during wear of scleral lenses with different diameters.

Clinical Relevance: Scleral lens (SL) compression on the conjunctiva/episclera during wear may alter adjacent structures related to aqueous humour drainage.

Background: The aim of this work was to assess short-term changes in the four quadrants of trabecular iris angle (TIA) and anterior chamber parameters during SL wear, using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT).

Methods: Prospective study was conducted involving 16 healthy subjects with a mean age of 28 ± 5 years.

Twelve-month outcomes of Kahook dual blade goniotomy combined with cataract surgery in Latino patients.

Purpose: To evaluate 12 month surgical outcome of Kahook Dual Blade (KDB) goniotomy in combination with cataract surgery in Latino patients with open angle glaucoma (OAG) and ocular hypertension (OHT).

Methods: This retrospective study included 45 eyes of 40 patients who underwent KDB goniotomy combined with cataract extraction from January 2016 to September 2020 at two centers in South America. Primary outcome was surgical success defined as ≥ 20% intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction or ≥ 1 medication reduction from preoperative without additional IOP-lowering procedures and an IOP ≥ 5 mmHg or ≤ 21 mmHg.

Classifying glaucoma exclusively with OCT: comparison of three clustering algorithms derived from machine learning.

Background/aims: To objectively classify eyes as either healthy or glaucoma based exclusively on data provided by peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) and ganglion cell-inner plexiform (GCIPL) measurements derived from spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) using machine learning algorithms.

Methods: Three clustering methods (k-means, hierarchical cluster analysis -HCA- and model-based clustering-MBC-) were used separately to classify a training sample of 109 eyes as either healthy or glaucomatous using solely 13 SD-OCT parameters: pRNFL average and sector thicknesses and GCIPL average and minimum values together with the six macular wedge-shaped regions. Then, the best-performing algorithm was applied to an independent test sample of 102 eyes to derive close estimates of its actual performance (external validation).

Agreement and Reproducibility of Anterior Chamber Angle Measurements between CASIA2 Built-In Software and Human Graders.

Purpose: This study evaluated the agreement and reproducibility of ACA measurements obtained using the built-in software of the CASIA2 (Version 3G.1) and the measurements derived from expert clinicians.

Methods: Healthy volunteers underwent ophthalmological evaluation and AS-OCT examination.

Assessment by Optical Coherence Tomography of Short-Term Changes in IOP-Related Structures Caused by Wearing Scleral Lenses.

Background: The mechanism that could increase intraocular pressure (IOP) during scleral lens (SL) wear is not fully understood, although it may be related to compression of the landing zone on structures involved in aqueous humor drainage.

Methods: Thirty healthy subjects were fitted with two SLs of different sizes (L1 = 15.8 mm, L2 = 16.

Age-associated polyamines in peripheral blood cells and plasma in 20 to 70 years of age subjects.

Dietary polyamines have been associated with slowing ageing processes and various pathologies, raising the importance of establishing reference values at different ages throughout life. This study aimed to analyse age-dependent variations in polyamine content using peripheral blood cells and plasma in a healthy and homogeneous population. Peripheral blood of 193 volunteers of both sexes (20-70 years), selected by convenience, was processed to separate cells and plasma.

Plasma Rich in Growth Factors as an Adjuvant Agent in Non-Penetrating Deep Sclerectomy.

Background: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the utility and safety of plasma rich in growth factors immunosafe eye drops (is-ePRGF) in the postoperative treatment of non-penetrating deep sclerectomy (NPDS).

Methods: This is a case-control study in patients with open-angle glaucoma. Group one (control) was not treated with is-ePRGF, while group two (is-ePRGF) was treated (four times a day for four months).

Effect of phakic collamer intraocular lens with a central hole on structural tests measurements of retinal nerve fiber layer and macula.

Aim: To evaluate whether the Visian Implantable Collamer Lens with a central port (V4c ICL®; STAAR Surgical, Switzerland) affects the retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL), macula and optic nerve head (ONH) measurements obtained by optical coherence tomography (OCT), and Heidelberg Retina Tomography (HRT).

Methods: This prospective study included myopic patients undergoing V4c ICL® implantation. RNFL thickness, macular thickness, ganglion cell analysis (GCA) and ONH main parameters were evaluated with RTVue OCT (Optovue Inc.

Early Lensectomy in Patients With Pseudoexfoliation: Long-Term Effectiveness and Safety Outcomes.

Prcis: Early lensectomy in patients presenting pseudoexfoliation (PXF) in an asymmetric clinical stage resulted in effective, safe, and predictable long-term results. Good intraocular pressure (IOP) was found, thus it might be considered as a possible surgical approach in these patients.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to assess the long-term effectiveness, predictability, and safety of cataract surgery performed in patients with capsular PXF at an early stage of the disease.

Long-term complications of cosmetic iris implants.

Background: Additive cosmetic implants (NewColorIris, Kahn Medical Devices, Panama City, Panama) are placed in the anterior chamber, in order to externally change iris color. There is a lack of robust clinical long-term prospective studies regarding the safety of these devices, as they have been related to the early-onset presentation of corneal decompensation, elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), uveitis and hyphema. However, in this case report some mild complications started to manifest unexpectedly late: 15 years after an uneventful procedure.

Glaucoma progression. Clinical practice guide.

Objective: To provide general recommendations that serve as a guide for the evaluation and management of glaucomatous progression in daily clinical practice based on the existing quality of clinical evidence.

Methods: After defining the objectives and scope of the guide, the working group was formed and structured clinical questions were formulated following the PICO (Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes) format. Once all the existing clinical evidence had been independently evaluated with the AMSTAR 2 (Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews) and Cochrane "Risk of bias" tools by at least two reviewers, recommendations were formulated following the Scottish Intercollegiate Guideline network (SIGN) methodology.

Protector Role of Intraocular Lenses under Artificial Light Conditions.

Introduction: The aim of this work was to analyze, in an in vitro model, the possible protective effects of ultraviolet- (UV-) or UV/blue-filtering intraocular lens (IOL) under light-emitting diode (LED) lighting conditions.

Methods: Ten models of IOLs were evaluated. Light transmission spectrum was recorded from 300 to 800 nm, in steps of 1 nm.

Mid-term results of patterned laser trabeculoplasty for uncontrolled ocular hypertension and primary open angle glaucoma.

Aim: To describe the safety and efficacy of patterned laser trabeculoplasty (PLT) as an adjunctive treatment in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and ocular hypertension (OHT) after 18-month follow-up in Hispanic population.

Methods: A single-center, retrospective study was conducted. All patients with OHT or POAG undergoing PLT from June 2016 to August 2016 were included in the study.

A Case of Bilateral Delayed-onset Hyphema Following Pupil Dilation after Gonioscopy-assisted Transluminal Trabeculotomy.

Aim And Objective: To present a case of bilateral delayed-onset hyphema following the administration of a 1% tropicamide and 2.5% phenylephrine fixed combination ophthalmic agent, in the late follow-up period of a gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy (GATT) combined with cataract extraction.

Background: Gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy consists on a 360° trabeculotomy through an approach that may also be combined with cataract surgery.

Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery in shallow anterior chamber cases.

Purpose: To assess the effectiveness, safety and predictability of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) in eyes with shallow anterior chamber (AC).

Methods: This is a prospective consecutive clinical study. All eyes presented an anterior chamber depth (ACD) ≤ 2.

Systemic Alterations of Immune Response-Related Proteins during Glaucoma Development in the Murine Model DBA/2J.

Animal models of glaucoma, a neurodegenerative disease affecting the retina, offer the opportunity to study candidate molecular biomarkers throughout the disease. In this work, the DBA/2J glaucomatous mouse has been used to study the systemic levels of several proteins previously identified as potential biomarkers of glaucoma, along the pre- to post-glaucomatous transition. Serum samples obtained from glaucomatous and control mice at 4, 10, and 14 months, were classified into different experimental groups according to the optic nerve damage at 14 months old.

Visual And Refractive Outcomes In Hyperopic Pseudophakic Patients Implanted With A Trifocal Intraocular Lens.

Purpose: To assess visual and refractive results after bilateral implantation of a trifocal intraocular lens (IOL) in patients with hyperopia.

Methods: In a retrospective nonrandomized study, 196 eyes of 98 patients had bilateral implantation of a trifocal IOL. The Barrett Universal II formula was used for IOL power calculation.

New Technologies for Glaucoma Detection.

This review describes some of the most recent advances in the development and application of new technologies for detecting and managing glaucoma, including imaging, visual function testing, and tonometry. The widespread availability of mobile technology in the developing world is improving health care delivery, for example, with smartphones and mobile applications that allow patient data to be assessed remotely by health care providers.

Clinical outcomes of patterned laser trabeculoplasty as adjuvant therapy in open angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension.

Aim: To assess the efficacy and safety of patterned laser trabeculoplasty (PLT) as an adjunctive treatment in open angle glaucoma (OAG) or ocular hypertension (OHT) patients who were under antiglaucoma medical treatment.

Methods: This study was a retrospective review of primary or secondary OAG patients and OHT patients with medically uncontrolled (≥18 mm Hg) intraocular pressure (IOP) who underwent 360° PLT from June 2016 to August 2016. Follow-up visits at week 1, and 1, 3 and 6mo were performed.

Intraocular Pressure After Implantation of a Phakic Collamer Intraocular Lens With a Central Hole.

Purpose: To investigate the middle-term intraocular pressure (IOP) results after implantation of a posterior chamber collagen copolymer phakic intraocular lens (IOL) (V4c Visian; STAAR Surgical Co., Nidau, Switzerland) with a central hole in patients with myopia.

Methods: This retrospective study enrolled patients who had implantation of a phakic IOL with a central hole.

Outcome of repeat trabeculectomies: long-term follow-up.

Aim: To assess medium-term to long-term outcomes of a cohort of repeat trabeculectomy augmented with mitomycin C (MMC).

Methods: A prospective evaluation of consecutive separate site repeat MMC-augmented trabeculectomies undertaken at a single institution between October 2000 and December 2012. Information regarding visual acuity (VA), intraocular pressure (IOP), visual field progression, postoperative interventions, surgery complications and success of surgery are presented.

Glaucoma diagnostic capacity of optic nerve head haemoglobin measures compared with spectral domain OCT and HRT III confocal tomography.

Purpose: The computer program laguna onhe determines optic nerve head haemoglobin (ONH Hb) on retinal photographs based on detecting colour differences. This study compares the diagnostic capacity of Laguna ONhE with that of spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) and confocal tomography (HRT III).

Methods: In a prospective, observational, cross-sectional study, glaucomatous (n = 66) and healthy (n = 52) eyes were examined by Spectralis OCT, HRT III and Laguna ONhE.

Survey of glaucoma surgical preferences and post-operative care in the United Kingdom.

Background: To evaluate the spectrum of glaucoma surgery and the post-operative follow-up regimes undertaken among glaucoma specialists in the United Kingdom.

Design: National survey.

Participants: Seventy-five glaucoma specialists (consultants and fellows).