Resolving viral structural complexity by super-resolution microscopy.

In this review, we discuss different super-resolution microscopy (SRM) techniques employed to study viral structures and virus composition with nanometric resolution. We describe the basic principles of the different microscopy methods utilized to break the light diffraction limit, enabling the study of protein composition in viral structures. Finally, we demonstrate for the first time the differential spatial distribution of two structural proteins in an individual baculovirus using single-molecule super-resolution microscopy.

Resolving the differential distribution of structural proteins in baculovirus using single-molecule localization microscopy.

Baculovirus is one of the most complex viruses found in nature. Proteomic analysis of budded viruses (BVs) indicates that they are formed by at least 50 different structural proteins. The function of most of these structural proteins and their specific localization in individual virions remain unknown.

The "Emorality" of Caring: Validation of an Empirical Model of the Moral Feelings of Affective Care in Teaching Communities.

This article presents a study that addresses the challenge of establishing a relationship between the axiological and the affective, by validating a structural model through an assessment instrument (SEMORCUNA) that isolates the moral feelings associated with 'affective care'. The research sample consisted of 222 teachers, all of whom were either in training or were active professionals in the teaching field. To achieve the research objectives, a group of experts selected a total of 11 moral sentiments, based on which Principal Component Analysis was conducted.

Mechanically Flexible, Large-Area Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Dendritic Au Films for Reproducible Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Detection of Nanoplastics.

The escalating crisis of nanoplastic pollution in water and food products demands the development of novel methodologies for detection and recycling. Despite various techniques available, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is emerging as a highly efficient technique for the trace detection of micro/nanoplastics. However, the development of highly reproducible and stable, flexible SERS substrates that can be used for sensitive detection in environmental medium remains a challenge.

Efficacy of neutral electrolyzed water vs. common topical antiseptics in the healing of full‑thickness burn: Preclinical trial in a mouse model.

Burn injuries impose challenges such as infection risk, pain management, fluid loss, electrolyte imbalance and psychological and emotional impact, on healthcare professionals, requiring effective treatments to enhance wound healing. The present study evaluated the efficacy superoxidized electrolyzed solution (SES), with low (SES-low) or high (SES-high) concentrations of active species, alone or in combination with a formulation in gel (G), in comparison with commonly prescribed treatments for burn injury, including nitrofurazone (NF) and silver sulfadiazine (S); normal saline was used as placebo (PI). A scald burn model was established in BALB/c mice.

Neuroprotective effect of (Cav.) Schltdl via inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB, caspase-3/Bax/Bcl-2 pathways in ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats.

Introduction: is a plant known for its traditional medicinal uses, particularly in treating inflammation and oxidative stress. Recent studies have explored its potential in neuroprotection, especially in the context of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, a condition where blood supply returns to the brain after a period of ischemia, leading to oxidative stress and inflammation. This damage is a major contributor to neuronal death and neurodegenerative diseases.

An Organic Fraction of L'Her Ex. Aiton Prevents Neuroinflammation in a Rat Ischemic Model.

Background: L'Her Ex. Aiton, presenting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, is traditionally used to treat bruises and headaches and as a healing agent. This study aimed to investigate whether its organic fraction (EAOr) has neuroprotective properties against neuroinflammation in the context of ischemia/reperfusion.

Association of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase () Polymorphism with Osteosarcoma in a Mexican Population.

The methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase () gene 677C➔T polymorphism is capable of altering folate metabolism and can modify certain neoplasia risk. Reports have suggested that folate can have an influence on bone development and so it is of interest to know if the 677C➔T polymorphism is associated with the malignant transformation process of this tissue. The polymorphism was determined in 55 patients with osteosarcoma and in 180 healthy individuals.

Understanding the Importance of Blood-Brain Barrier Alterations in Brain Arteriovenous Malformations and Implications for Treatment: A Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced-MRI-Based Prospective Study.

Background And Objectives: The major clinical implication of brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) is spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage. There is a growing body of experimental evidence proving that inflammation and blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction are involved in both the clinical course of the disease and the risk of bleeding. However, how bAVM treatment affects perilesional BBB disturbances is yet unclear.

Lipocalin-2 as a fundamental protein in type 2 diabetes and periodontitis in mice.

Background: Lipocalin-2 (LCN-2) is an osteokine that suppresses appetite, stimulates insulin secretion, regulates bone remodeling, and is induced by proinflammatory cytokines. The aim of this work was to investigate the participation of LCN-2 in periodontitis associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) by evaluating alveolar bone loss, glycemic control, inflammation, and femur fragility.

Methods: A murine model of periodontitis with T2D and elevated LCN-2 concentration was used.

A Scalable Synthesis of Ag Nanoporous Film As an Efficient SERS-Substrates for Sensitive Detection of Nanoplastics.

Nanoplastics pollution has led to a severe environmental crisis because of a large accumulation of these smaller nanoplastic particles in the aquatic environment and atmospheric conditions. Detection of these nanoplastics is crucial for food safety monitoring and human health. In this work, we report a simple and eco-friendly method to prepare a SERS-substrate-based nanoporous Ag nanoparticle (NP) film through vacuum thermal evaporation onto a vacuum-compatible deep eutectic solvent (DES) coated growth substrate for quantitative detection of nanoplastics in environmental samples.

Microsurgical and endovascular treatment of large and giant aneurysms of the anterior circulation: A systematic review.

Introduction: Large and Giant intracranial aneurysms (LGIAs) have become the paradigm for which endovascular techniques do not provide satisfactory results. Yet, microsurgery is followed by non-negligible rates of morbimortality. This scenario may have changed since the introduction of flow-diversion devices.

Caffeine, Alcohol, and Drug Use as Work Adjuncts Among Neurosurgeons. Prevalence, Contributing Factors, and Proposed Strategies.

Background: Neurosurgeons may resort to caffeine, alcohol, and various drugs to maintain peak performance as they grapple with work demands and escalated stress. The prevalence of this controversial strategy remains largely unexplored.

Methods: An anonymous survey of 23 questions formulated by our research group was distributed through personal contacts and neurosurgical societies.

Impact of hormone receptor status and tumor subtypes of breast cancer in young BRCA carriers.

Background: Hormone receptor expression is a known positive prognostic and predictive factor in breast cancer; however, limited evidence exists on its prognostic impact on prognosis of young patients harboring a pathogenic variant (PV) in the BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 genes.

Patients And Methods: This international, multicenter, retrospective cohort study included young patients (aged ≤40 years) diagnosed with invasive breast cancer and harboring germline PVs in BRCA genes. We investigated the impact of hormone receptor status on clinical behavior and outcomes of breast cancer.

Brain metabolism response to intrahospital transfers in neurocritical ill patients and the impact of microdialysis probe location.

Intrahospital transfer (IHT), a routine in the management of neurocritical patients requiring imaging or interventions, might affect brain metabolism. Studies about IHT effects using microdialysis (MD) have produced conflicting results. In these studies, only the most damaged hemisphere was monitored, and those may not reflect the impact of IHT on overall brain metabolism, nor do they address differences between the hemispheres.

Parenthood and neurosurgery in Europe, a white paper from the European association of neurosurgical societies' diversity in neurosurgery committee, part II - practice with children.

Introduction: In the first part of this White Paper, the European Association of Neurosurgical Societies (EANS) Diversity in Neurosurgery Committee (DC) addressed the obstacles faced by neurosurgeons when planning to have a family and practice during pregnancy, attempting to enumerate potential, easily implementable solutions for departments to be more family-friendly and retain as well as foster talent of parent-neurosurgeons, regardless of their gender identity and/or sexual orientation. Attrition avoidance amongst parent-neurosurgeons is at the heart of these papers.

Research Question: In this second part, we address the obstacles posed by practice with children and measures to mitigate attrition rates among parent-neurosurgeons.

Ionic Liquid-Assisted Thermal Evaporation of Bimetallic Ag-Au Nanoparticle Films as a Highly Reproducible SERS Substrate for Sensitive Nanoplastic Detection in Complex Environments.

Nanoplastic particles are emerging as an important class of environmental pollutants in the atmosphere that have adverse effects on our ecosystems and human health. While many methods have been developed to quantitatively detect nanoplastics; however, sensitive detection at low concentrations in a complex environment remains elusive. Herein, we demonstrate a greener method to fabricate a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrate consisting of self-assembled plasmonic Ag-Au bimetallic nanoparticle (NP) films for quantitative SERS detection of nanoplastics in complex media.

European Medical Students' Views on Neurosurgery, with Emphasis on South-East Europe (Albania, Greece, Serbia, and Turkey).

Background: Neurosurgery, an intricate and dynamic surgical specialty, faces challenges in attracting medical graduates. Despite its potential appeal, a decreasing trend in medical students opting for surgical specialties, including neurosurgery, is noted. This study aims to assess European medical students' perceptions of neurosurgery, focusing on South-East Europe, and address concerns about the declining interest in this field.

Efficacy of Hot Tea Infusion vs. Ethanolic Extract of for the Simultaneous Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver, Hyperlipidemia, and Hyperglycemia in a Murine Model Fed with a High-Fat Diet.

(MO) is a native tree of Asia and is cultivated in some areas of Mexico as part of traditional horticulture. The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of MO infusion vs. MO ethanolic extract for the simultaneous treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD), hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia in a murine model fed with a high-fat diet (HFD).

Clinical and Surgical Outcomes of Endoscopic Endonasal Approach for Giant Pituitary Adenomas: Analysis of Predictive Factors.

Background: Giant pituitary adenomas (GPAs) are defined as tumors with ≥40 mm in any maximum diameter, and these tend to invade multiple intracranial compartments. Hence, treatment remains a surgical challenge.

Objective: To describe the clinical and surgical outcomes of the endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) for GPA in a pituitary referral center in Latin America and to analyze associated predictive factors.

Oxide nanoparticles based in magnesium as a potential dental tool to inhibit bacterial activity and promote osteoblast viability.

Functional nano-fillers are commonly used to reduce bacterial colonization in dentistry. This study aimed to synthesize, characterize, and evaluate the biological effects of magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles (NP) obtained by mechanosynthesis. XRD, TEM, FT-IR, and UV-Vis were used to characterize MgO-NP which were subsequently tested for their activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli (E.