Prognostic Relevance of Relative Ellipsoid Zone Reflectivity for Ellipsoid Zone Loss in Macular Telangiectasia Type 2.

Purpose: The relative ellipsoid zone reflectivity (rEZR) is an innovative biomarker for photoreceptor alterations and showed association with disease staging in macular telangiectasia type 2 (MacTel). However, its prognostic relevance for the ellipsoid zone (EZ) loss is unclear.

Methods: Longitudinal spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) imaging of patients with MacTel from an observational natural history study was used for en face determination of manifest EZ loss.

[The Pierde Kilos, Gana Vida strategy, scope and prospects].

Background: The Pierde Peso, Gana Vida (Lose Weight, Gain Life) strategy is granted to patients with overweight or obesity, it started in 2022 with the purpose of ordering, integrating and making efficient actions in the care of overweight and obesity, however, its effectiveness is unknown.

Objective: To analyze the changes in the following parameters: body weight, waist circumference, glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides in patients who received the strategy in the 35 IMSS state offices during the two semesters of 2022.

Material And Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted including 76,760 patients incorporated into the strategy in the two semesters of 2022.

"Wait, Do I Need More Fiber?" Exploring UK Consumers' Dietary Fiber-Related Awareness and White Bread as a Viable Solution to Promote Subsequent Intake.

Background: Sufficient dietary fiber consumption is associated with well-established health benefits, yet such intake is currently suboptimal globally. Thus, there is interest in developing strategies to improve dietary fiber intake. One such approach is to increase the dietary fiber content of staple foods, but this needs relevant investigation.

Noninferior Immunogenicity and Consistent Safety of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Prefusion F Protein Vaccine in Adults 50-59 Years Compared to ≥60 Years of Age.

Background: The adjuvanted respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) prefusion F protein-based vaccine (RSVPreF3 OA) is approved in adults aged ≥60 years. We evaluated RSVPreF3 OA immunogenicity and safety in adults aged 50-59 years without or with increased risk for RSV disease due to specific chronic medical conditions.

Methods: This observer-blind, phase 3, noninferiority trial included adults aged 50-59 years, stratified into 2 subcohorts: those with and those without predefined, stable, chronic medical conditions leading to an increased risk for RSV disease.

Variations in threshold values for border zone and dense scar produce significant changes in scar parameters obtained by ADAS-3D.

Background: ADAS-3D software elaborates cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) images to obtain a quantitative evaluation of dense scar and border zone (BZ), including BZ channels, which can be useful for ventricular tachycardia ablation and risk stratification. However, most prior reports with ADAS-3D used flexible thresholds (60% ± 5% and 40% ± 5% of maximum pixel signal intensity) to define dense scar and BZ. The impact of such variations of the threshold values on the measurements obtained with ADAS-3D is unknown.

Retrospective registry of patients with locally advanced/metastatic HR/HER2 breast cancer treated in clinical practice in Andalusia.

Background: Limited data are available regarding the real-world effectiveness and safety of Cyclin Dependent Kinase 4/6 inhibitor (CDK4/6i) (palbociclib/ribociclib) just as a first-line treatment for patients with hormone receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HR + /HER2‒) metastatic breast cancer (MBC).

Objective: To assess whether clinical or demographic characteristics limit access to first-line CDK4/6i treatment in clinical practice in the Autonomous Community of Andalusia (Spain) between November 2017 and April 2020. In addition, effectiveness will be described in an exploratory analysis.

Inflammation and cancer: friend or foe?

Chronic inflammation plays a crucial role in the onset and progression of pathologies like neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer, since tumor development and chronic inflammation are linked, sharing common signaling pathways. At least 20% of breast and colorectal cancers are associated with chronic inflammation triggered by infections, irritants, or autoimmune diseases. Obesity, chronic inflammation, and cancer interconnection underscore the importance of population-based interventions in maintaining healthy body weight, to disrupt this axis.

ELLIPSOID ZONE RECOVERY IN MACULAR TELANGIECTASIA TYPE 2.

Purpose: To describe imaging features of macular telangiectasia type 2 eyes experiencing ellipsoid zone (EZ) recovery.

Methods: Macular telangiectasia type 2 patients with EZ recovery were identified from the Natural History and Observational Registry study and underwent retinal imaging including optical coherence tomography and fundus photography. Eyes were graded according to the classification system by Gass and Blodi, the EZ-loss area was measured, and optical coherence tomography parameters were assessed by two independent readers.

Position of the international forum of internal medicine on habits, lifestyle changes and a healthy environment for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), mainly ischemic heart disease and stroke, is the main cause of death worldwide and each year more people die from CVD than from any other cause. These data call for a paradigm shift, where health promotion and cardiovascular prevention will acquire a central role in health policies. From this perspective, dedicating time during the consultation to promoting the acquisition of heart-healthy habits would be indicated in all individuals, regardless of cardiovascular risk classification, the role of the internist being fundamental.

The role of immune checkpoints in antitumor response: a potential antitumor immunotherapy.

Immunotherapy aims to stimulate the immune system to inhibit tumor growth or prevent metastases. Tumor cells primarily employ altered expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) as a mechanism to avoid immune recognition and antitumor immune response. The antitumor immune response is primarily mediated by CD8+ cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) and natural killer (NK) cells, which plays a key role in the overall anti-tumor immune response.

[Basic health indicators in the NutrIMSS program: a retrospective study].

Background: The NutrIMSS program is granted to populations with chronic conditions to improve basic health indicators and its effectiveness in this population is unknown.

Objective: To analyze the change in the basic health indicators of patients who attended the NutrIMSS Program, at the UMF No. 2 of the IMSS in Mexico City, during the period 2018 to 2019.

Soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G) measurement might be useful as an early diagnostic biomarker and screening test for gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most frequent malignancy worldwide and has a high mortality rate related to late diagnosis. Although the gold standard for the GC diagnosis is endoscopy with biopsy, nonetheless, it is not cost-effective and is invasive for the patient. The Human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G) molecule is a checkpoint of the immune response.

Cost-utility analysis of the use of the 20-valent anti-pneumococcal vaccine (PCV20) in adults older than 60 years in Spain.

Background And Objectives: A cost-utility analysis was conducted to assess the efficiency of implementing a PCV20 vaccination strategy in the Spanish adult population older than 60 years, for the prevention of non-bacteremic pneumococcalpneumonia (NBP) and invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD).

Methods: A Markov model, with annual cycles and a time horizon of 10 years was used. The analysis population was stratified by age and risk groups.

[Functional evaluation with the KSS (Knee Society Score) scale at 3 and 6 months after ligament reconstruction in patients with multi-ligament knee injuries in a third level hospital].

Multiligament injuries of the knee joint are characterized by the involvement of two or more major ligaments, anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), medial collateral ligament (MCL), lateral collateral ligament (LCL), posteromedial corner (PMC) and posterolateral corner (PLC). Statistically, multiligament injuries are rare as they are found in less than 0.02% of all traumatic knee injuries; however, different aggregate injuries are what make this pathology a serious health and functional condition.

Saturated fat replacement in short dough biscuits with HPMC and lecithin stabilised nanoemulsions.

Biscuits contain high proportions of saturated fats, which could lead to an adverse health effect. The objective of this study was to study the functionality of a complex nanoemulsion (CNE), stabilised with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and lecithin, when used as a saturated fat replacer in short dough biscuits. Four biscuit formulations were studied including a control (butter) and three formulations where 33% of the butter was replaced with either extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), with CNE, or with the individual ingredients of the nanoemulsion added separately (INE).