[Esophageal perforation in premature newborn infants. Presentation of 8 cases].

We report eight newborn with esophageal perforation. They were preterm infants and received mechanical ventilation for respiratory problem. Six were associated with pneumothorax, three of they show aberrant way of an orogastric tube, and another three show milk fluid in the pleural tube installed for pneumothorax.

[Risk factors in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis].

In this case controls prospective study, risk factors for necrotizing enterocolitis from a neonatal intensive care unit, were investigated. In 34 cases and 69 controls, were found; the fetal distress, Apgar score < or = 5 at one minute, < or = 6 at five minutes, gestational age < or = 34 weeks and birth weight < or = 1500 g, like risk factors for necrotizing enterocolitis. The investigation of a new risk factor, abdominal distention with plentiful intestinal gas documented in X ray at initial hours of life, by energetic reanimation at birth, showed that it is not a risk factor.

Preoperative ultrasonographic diagnosis of a parathyroid adenoma in a child.

The case of a young boy with primary hyperparathyroidism due to an adenoma is reported. The tumor was localized by ultrasonography, and a close correlation between the image and the surgical findings was found. Since primary hyperparathyroidism in children under 15 years of age is frequently due to adenomata larger than 1.

[The thymothoracic index and its usefulness in the diagnosis of newborn infants with respiratory distress syndrome].

In order to evaluate the use of the thymothoracic index (TTI) in the diagnosis of the respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), 51 newborn infants were studied and divided into two groups: group A included 30 patients with RDS and group B, 21 infants with lung pathology other than RDS. The diagnosis in both groups was based on clinical, radiological and anatomopathological grounds. The TTI is obtained by dividing the diameter of the cardiothymic shadow at the carina level between the chest diameter at the costophrenic angles, using a simple chest radiography.

[Osteomyelitis in the newborn].

The study included 17 cases of osteomyelitis in the newborn period, admitted through a period of 10 years. Males showed a rate of 1.8:1 over females.

[Anatomo-radiological correlation of shock lung in pediatrics].

We reviewed three post-mortem studies of pediatric patients who died with the diagnosis of shock lung. We try to correlate the thorax X Ray studies obtained during clinical shock, with the anatomopathological findings. We established the basis for the anatomopathological and radiological diagnosis, and its comparation with the adult studies.

[Massive air embolism in a newborn infant treated with a positive-pressure respirator].

We report a case of gas embolism secondary to the use of positive end respriatory pressure in a newborn with ideopathic respiratory syndrome. The anatomicopathological findings lead to the hypothesis that the gas migrates from the broken alveoli through the lymphatic vessels to the venous circulation.