Meeting 24-hour movement guidelines and mortality risk in older adults: cross-sectional and longitudinal pooled analysis in the Seniors-ENRICA cohorts.

Background: We assessed the association of adherence to the guidelines and subsequent changes over time in adherence with all-cause mortality.

Methods: We used data from 3518 and 3273 older adults, aged 60-96 years at baseline, from Seniors-ENRICA-1 and 2 cohorts, respectively. Adherence to 24-hour movement guidelines was defined as ≥150 minutes/week of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sedentary behavior (SB) ≤8 hours/day (including ≤3 hours/day of recreational screen time), and 7-9 hours/day of sleep if aged 18-64y or 7-8 hours/day if aged ≥65y.

Adherence to the healthy and sustainable dietary recommendations for the Spanish population and all-cause mortality.

Introduction And Objectives: The healthy and sustainable dietary recommendations for the Spanish population have recently been launched. We aimed to develop a food-based dietary index to measure adherence to these guidelines and assess its association with all-cause mortality.

Methods: Data were drawn from 11 904 individuals, representative of the Spanish population aged 18 and older, recruited between 2008 and 2010, and followed-up until 2022.

Physical Activity and All-Cause Mortality by Age in 4 Multinational Megacohorts.

Importance: Physical activity (PA) guidelines recommend the same amount of PA through adulthood to live longer.

Objective: To explore whether there is an age-dependent association between PA and all-cause mortality and to investigate the age-dependent associations between other modifiable health factors (high educational level, not smoking, not regularly consuming alcohol, healthy body weight, and living without hypertension and diabetes) and mortality.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study used a pooled analysis of 4 population-based prospective cohorts (National Health Interview Survey, 1997-2018; UK Biobank, 2006-2010; China Kadoorie Biobank, 2004-2008; and Mei Jau, 1997-2016).

Higher Magnesium Intake Is Associated with a Lower Risk of Frailty in Older Adults.

Objectives: Magnesium deficiency is common in older adults and has been associated with reduced muscle functionality and several age-related diseases. Evidence of its relationship with frailty is scarce. We aimed to explore the association of magnesium intake with incident frailty in the Seniors-ENRICA-1 cohort.

Partial Recovery of Telomere Length After Long-term Virologic Suppression in Persons With HIV-1.

Background: People with HIV-1 (PWH) age differently than the general population. Blood telomere length (BTL) attrition is a surrogate biomarker of immunosenescence and aging in PWH. BTL is reduced immediately after HIV-1 infection and recovers in PWH with long-term virologic suppression, but the extent of this recovery is unknown.

Associations of nighttime sleep, midday napping, and physical activity with all-cause mortality in older adults: the Seniors-ENRICA cohorts.

We examined associations between nighttime sleep and midday nap duration with all-cause mortality according to adherence to moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) recommendations in older adults. We used data from 3518 and 3273 older adults recruited in the Seniors-ENRICA-1 and 2 cohorts, respectively. Nighttime sleep time was classified as short (< 7 h), middle (≥ 7 and < 8 h), and long (≥ 8 h), and midday napping as no nap, short (≤ 30 min), long (> 30 and ≤ 60 min), and very long (> 60 min).

Sex differences in the association between social frailty and diet quality among older adults in Spain.

Objective: The aim was to examine the association between social frailty and diet quality in adults over 65 years of age, and whether results differed by sex.

Design: Population-based cross-sectional study using data from the Spanish National Health Survey.

Participants: 5,071 community-dwelling people ≥65 years from Spain.

Association between Multimorbidity and Risk of Falls and Fear of Falling among Older Adults: The Mediation Effect of Physical Function, Use of Sleeping Pills, and Pain Relievers.

Objective: Falls and fear of falling (FoF) are relevant contributors to disability and institutionalization among older adults. The aim was to examine the association between multimorbidity and falls/FoF among community-dwelling older adults, exploring the mediating effect of physical function and the use of sleeping pills and pain relievers.

Desing: Longitudinal analyses.

Alcohol Consumption Patterns and Mortality Among Older Adults With Health-Related or Socioeconomic Risk Factors.

Importance: Alcohol consumption is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality that may be more important in older adults with socioeconomic or health-related risk factors.

Objective: To examine the association of alcohol consumption patterns with 12-year mortality and its modification by health-related or socioeconomic risk factors.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This prospective cohort study used data from the UK Biobank, a population-based cohort.

Protein Intake and Mortality in Older Adults With Chronic Kidney Disease.

Importance: Avoiding high protein intake in older adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD) may reduce the risk of kidney function decline, but whether it can be suboptimal for survival is not well known.

Objective: To estimate the associations of total, animal, and plant protein intake with all-cause mortality in older adults with mild or moderate CKD and compare the results to those of older persons without CKD.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Data from 3 cohorts (Study on Cardiovascular Health, Nutrition and Frailty in Older Adults in Spain 1 and 2 and the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen [in Sweden]) composed of community-dwelling adults 60 years or older were used.

Invasive group A Streptococcus infection (Streptococcus pyogenes): Current situation in Spain.

Group A ß-hemolytic Streptococcus (S. pyogenes), also known as GAS, is a Gram-positive bacterium. It can be easily identified in the microbiology laboratory by its ability to hemolyse blood in culture media.

Mediterranean Diet and Cardiometabolic Biomarkers in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Importance: No prior systematic review and meta-analysis has specifically verified the association of Mediterranean diet (MedDiet)-based interventions with biomarkers of cardiometabolic health in children and adolescents.

Objective: To review and analyze the randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that assessed the effects of MedDiet-based interventions on biomarkers of cardiometabolic health among children and adolescents.

Data Sources: Four electronic databases were searched (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus) from database inception to April 25, 2024.

Growth Differentiation Factor 15 as a Biomarker of Cardiovascular Risk in Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain.

Background: It is unknown whether growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) is associated with chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) and whether or not its association with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) changes according to CMP status.

Methods: In total, 1 957 randomly selected adults aged ≥65 years without prior CVD were followed up between 2015 and 2023. CMP was classified according to its intensity, frequency, and interference with daily activities.

Effect of glucose variability on the mortality of adults aged 75 years and over during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: To our knowledge, only one study has examined the association between glucose variability (GV) and mortality in the elderly population with diabetes. GV was assessed by HbA1c, and a J-shaped curve was observed in the relationship between HbA1c thresholds and mortality. No study of GV was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic and its lockdown.

External validation of three diabetes prediction scores in a Spanish cohort: does adding high risk for depression improve the validation of the FINDRISC score (FINDRISC-MOOD)?

Objectives: To evaluate the external validity of the FINDRISC, DESIR and ADA risk scores for the prediction of diabetes in a Spanish population aged >45 years and to test the possible improvement of FINDRISC by adding a new variable of high risk of depression when Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) questionnaire score ≥10 (FINDRISC-MOOD).

Design: Prospective population-based cohort study.

Setting: 10 primary healthcare centres in the north of the city of Madrid (Spain).

Biomarkers for personalised prevention of chronic diseases: a common protocol for three rapid scoping reviews.

Introduction: Personalised prevention aims to delay or avoid disease occurrence, progression, and recurrence of disease through the adoption of targeted interventions that consider the individual biological, including genetic data, environmental and behavioural characteristics, as well as the socio-cultural context. This protocol summarises the main features of a rapid scoping review to show the research landscape on biomarkers or a combination of biomarkers that may help to better identify subgroups of individuals with different risks of developing specific diseases in which specific preventive strategies could have an impact on clinical outcomes. This review is part of the "Personalised Prevention Roadmap for the future HEalThcare" (PROPHET) project, which seeks to highlight the gaps in current personalised preventive approaches, in order to develop a Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda for the European Union.

Ultraprocessed foods, unprocessed or minimally processed foods, and risk of frailty in a cohort of United States females.

Background: Ultraprocessed foods (UPFs) and poor diet quality have been associated with frailty but existing studies had relatively short follow-up time. It is also unclear whether the association of UPF was primarily due to its correlation with poorer diet quality.

Objectives: We examined the association between unprocessed or minimally processed foods (UMFs) and UPF and risk of frailty and explored whether the association with UPF was mainly driven by poor diet quality.

Association between diet quality and malnutrition: pooled results from two population-based studies in older adults.

Background: The role of diet quality on malnutrition in older adults is uncertain, due the paucity of the research conducted and the use of use of screening tools that did not consider phenotypic criteria of malnutrition.

Objective: To evaluate the association of two indices of diet quality, namely the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) and the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI-2010), with malnutrition among community-dwelling older adults in Spain.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of data from 1921 adults aged ≥ 60 years from the Seniors-ENRICA-1 (SE-1) study, and 2652 adults aged ≥ 65 years from the Seniors-ENRICA-2 (SE-2) study.

Numerical values and impact of hypertension in Spain.

In Spain, 33% of adults aged 30 to 79 years (10 million) were hypertensive in 2019. Among them, 68% were diagnosed, 57% received drug therapy, and effective therapeutic coverage (control) reached 33%. Both diagnosis and control show geographical and social disparities.