NOD2 protects against allergic lung inflammation in obese female mice.

Obesity is associated with compartmentalized changes in immune responses that can be protective or pathogenic. It has been proposed that obesity-related changes in the microbiota influence allergic lung inflammation. We hypothesized that sensors of the bacterial cell wall influenced allergenic lung inflammation during obesity.

Postbiotic Impact on Host Metabolism and Immunity Provides Therapeutic Potential in Metabolic Disease.

The gut microbiota influences aspects of metabolic disease, including tissue inflammation, adiposity, blood glucose, insulin, and endocrine control of metabolism. Prebiotics or probiotics are often sought to combat metabolic disease. However, prebiotics lack specificity and can have deleterious bacterial community effects.

Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors alter blood glucose and insulin in obese mice but reduce inflammation independent of BTK.

Obesity is associated with metabolic inflammation, which can contribute to insulin resistance, higher blood glucose, and higher insulin indicative of prediabetes progression. The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a metabolic danger sensor implicated in metabolic inflammation. Many features of metabolic disease can activate the NLRP3 inflammasome; however, it is not yet clear which upstream triggers to target, and there are no clinically approved NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors for metabolic disease.

Microbiota and Nod-like receptors balance inflammation and metabolism during obesity and diabetes.

Gut microbiota influence host immunity and metabolism during obesity. Bacterial sensors of the innate immune system relay signals from specific bacterial components (i.e.

Maternal Obesity in Mice Exacerbates the Allergic Inflammatory Response in the Airways of Male Offspring.

It was previously demonstrated that non-allergen-sensitized rodents born to mothers exposed to a high-fat diet (HFD) spontaneously develop lower respiratory compliance and higher respiratory resistance. In the present study, we sought to determine if mice born to mothers consuming HFD would exhibit changes in inflammatory response and lung remodeling when subjected to ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization/challenge in adult life. Mice born to dams consuming either HFD or standard chow had increased bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) levels of IL-1β, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13, TNF-α and TGF-β1 after challenge with OVA.

Sex differences in the influence of obesity on a murine model of allergic lung inflammation.

Background: Despite the overwhelming evidence showing the influence of sex or obesity in the development of respiratory diseases in humans and animals, the mechanisms by which these combined two factors influence allergic asthma are not well understood.

Objective: We have investigated the interaction between sex and weight gain in an experimental model of lung allergic inflammation induced by chicken egg ovalbumin (OVA) in mice.

Methods: Animals were fed a high-fat diet for 8 weeks and then sensitized and challenged with OVA.

Lectin from seeds of a Brazilian lima bean variety (Phaseolus lunatus L. var. cascavel) presents antioxidant, antitumour and gastroprotective activities.

Lectins are proteins able to interact specifically and reversibly with carbohydrates. They are present in all living beings, particularly in legume seeds, which have many biological functions. The aim of this study was to isolate, characterize and verify antioxidant, anti-hemolytic, antitumor and gastroprotective activities in a lectin present in seeds of Phaseolus lunatus L.

Antibacterial and hemolytic activity of a new lectin purified from the seeds of Sterculia foetida L.

The aim of this study was to isolate, characterize, and verify possible antibacterial and hemolytic activity for a lectin found in the seeds of Sterculia foetida L. Purification of the lectin from S. foetida (SFL) was realized with ion exchange chromatography DEAE-Sephacel coupled to HPLC.

Lectin of Abelmoschus esculentus (okra) promotes selective antitumor effects in human breast cancer cells.

The anti-tumor effects of a newly-discovered lectin, isolated from okra, Abelmoschus esculentus (AEL), were investigated in human breast cancer (MCF7) and skin fibroblast (CCD-1059 sk) cells. AEL induced significant cell growth inhibition (63 %) in MCF7 cells. The expression of pro-apoptotic caspase-3, caspase-9, and p21 genes was increased in MCF7 cells treated with AEL, compared to those treated with controls.

Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of a lectin-like substance from Clitoria fairchildiana R. Howard seeds.

Lectins are proteins that have the ability to bind specifically and reversibly to carbohydrates and glycoconjugates, without altering the structure of the glycosyl ligand. They are found in organisms such as viruses, plants and humans, and they have been shown to possess important biological activities. The objective of this study was to purify and characterize lectins in the seeds of Clitoria fairchildiana, as well as to verify their biological activities.