Comparative molecular and conventional cytogenetic analyses of three species of Rhinella (Anura; Bufonidae).

The genus Rhinella corresponds to a group of anurans characterized by numerous taxonomic and systemic challenges, leading to their organization into species complexes. Cytogenetic data for this genus thus far are limited to the diploid number and chromosome morphology, which remain highly conserved among the species. In this study, we analyse the karyotypes of three species of the genus Rhinella (Rhinella granulosa, Rhinella margaritifera, and Rhinella marina) using both classical (conventional staining and C-banding) and molecular (FISH-fluorescence in situ hybridization with 18S rDNA, telomeric sequences, and microsatellite probes) cytogenetic approaches.

SynGenes: a Python class for standardizing nomenclatures of mitochondrial and chloroplast genes and a web form for enhancing searches for evolutionary analyses.

Background: The reconstruction of the evolutionary history of organisms has been greatly influenced by the advent of molecular techniques, leading to a significant increase in studies utilizing genomic data from different species. However, the lack of standardization in gene nomenclature poses a challenge in database searches and evolutionary analyses, impacting the accuracy of results obtained.

Results: To address this issue, a Python class for standardizing gene nomenclatures, SynGenes, has been developed.

New parameters for in vitro development of cell lines of the species Astyanax bimaculatus (Linnaeus, 1758) and Geophagus proximus (Castelnau, 1855).

Intending to compare in vitro cell growth in different conditions, we established cell cultures using fin biopsies of two freshwater fishes, Astyanax bimaculatus and Geophagus proximus. Three different culture media (Leibovitz-L-15, Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium [DMEM], and 199) were employed, with or without the addition of AmnioMax, maintaining a standard temperature of 29°C. Based on the results obtained, we standardized a cell growth protocol in which medium 199 was less efficient for both species.

Comparative cytogenetics of microsatellite distribution in two tetra fishes (Linnaeus, 1758) and (Jenyns, 1842).

Background: The main cytogenetic studies of the Characidae family comprise the genera and involving the use of repetitive DNA probes. However, for the microsatellite classes, studies are still scarce and the function of these sequences in the genome of these individuals is still not understood. Thus, we aimed to analyze and compare the distribution of microsatellite sequences in the species and .

Cytotaxonomy and Molecular Analyses of (Ciconiidae: Ciconiiformes): Insights on Stork Phylogeny.

Although molecular information for the wood stork () has been well described, data concerning their karyotypical organization and phylogenetic relationships with other storks are still scarce. Thus, we aimed to analyze the chromosomal organization and diversification of , and provide evolutionary insights based on phylogenetic data of Ciconiidae. For this, we applied both classical and molecular cytogenetic techniques to define the pattern of distribution of heterochromatic blocks and their chromosomal homology with (GGA).

Characterization of a new cytotype and ocurrence of a B microchromosome in two spot astyanax, Astyanax bimaculatus Linnaeus, 1758 (Characiformes: Characidae).

Although Astyanax bimaculatus is the most representative species of the genus in the Amazon region, there are no cytogenetic studies of A. bimaculatus species in Amazon region. Thus, we aimed to analyse the chromosome complements of specimens from this area using classic and molecular cytogenetic approaches.

Evolutionary Dynamics of Two Classes of Repetitive DNA in the Genomes of Two Species of Elopiformes (Teleostei, Elopomorpha).

The order Elopiformes includes fish species of medium to large size with a circumglobal distribution, in both the open sea, coastal, and estuarine waters. The Elopiformes are considered an excellent model for evolutionary studies due to their ample adaptive capacity, which allow them to exploit a range of different ecological niches. In this study, we analyzed the karyotype structure and distribution of two classes of repetitive DNA (microsatellites and transposable elements) in two Elopiformes species ( and ).