Publications by authors named "Rodrigo Otavio da Silva Escada"
Article Synopsis
- This study investigates factors linked to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and TB disease among household contacts (HHCs) of patients with drug-resistant TB in high-burden countries.
- A total of 712 HHCs were analyzed, revealing that 68.8% tested positive for tuberculosis infection, especially among younger adults, those with past TB treatment, and high-risk behaviors like substance use.
- Only 6.5% of HHCs were found to have active TB disease, with higher rates observed in older adults and those who smoke or consume alcohol heavily.
As a strategy to improve the sensitivity of nucleic acid-based testing in acid-fast bacilli (AFB) negative samples, larger volumes of sputum (5-10 mL) were tested with Xpert MTB/RIF from 176 individuals with smear-negative sputum undergoing tuberculosis evaluation. Despite larger volumes, this strategy had a suboptimal sensitivity of 50% (4/8).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Tuberculosis is the most frequent opportunistic infection and the leading cause of death among persons living with HIV in several low and middle-income countries. Mortality rates during tuberculosis treatment and death causes among HIV-1/TB co-infected patients may differ based on the immunosuppression severity, timing of diagnosis and prompt initiation of tuberculosis and antiretroviral therapy.
Methods: This was a retrospective observational study conducted in the clinical cohort of patients with HIV-1/Aids of the National Institute of Infectious Diseases Evandro Chagas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.