Factors Associated with Tobacco Cessation Services Request Among Users of an Online Self-Screening Questionnaire.

Objectives: Tobacco smoking remains a major public health risk, responsible for millions of deaths worldwide. While smoking patterns in Mexico differ from those in countries with higher rates, comorbidities such as diabetes pose a health risk. Although many smokers want to quit, access to cessation services is limited.

Developing an App to Screen for Dual Disorders: A Tool for Improving Treatment Services in Mexico.

Previous studies in Mexico undertaken at residential facilities for treating substance use disorders (SUDs) reported that the prevalence of Dual Disorders (DDs) is over 65%. DDs pose a major challenge for the Mexican health system, particularly for community-based residential care facilities for SUDs, due to the shortage of certified professionals to diagnose and treat these patients. Moreover, the lack of standardized algorithms for screening for and evaluating DDs to refer patients to specialized services (whether private or public) hinders timely care, delaying the start of integrated treatment.

Characterization of dual disorders in addiction treatment-seekers at mexican outpatient centers.

In Mexico, very few studies have been published on dual disorders (DD) at specialized treatment centers describing actual treatment needs and even fewer have been undertaken at addiction treatment centers in the public system. The objective of this study was therefore to analyze DD and other clinical characteristics in people seeking treatment at outpatient addiction centers in the public system.

Gambling Dual Disorder: A Dual Disorder and Clinical Neuroscience Perspective.

Several behaviors, including compulsive gambling, have been considered non-substance-related addictive disorders. Categorical mental disorders (e.g.

Testing whether cognitive reserve as measured by self-rating of stimulating activities moderates the association of polysubstance use and neurocognitive disorder.

The objectives were to identify a latent factor of cognitive reserve (CR) assessed by self-rating of cognitively stimulating activities, to analyze the association between this factor and educational attainment, and to test whether CR moderates the association between polysubstance use and neurocognitive disorder (NCD). Cross-sectional data of 753 participants was collected in Mexico City. A questionnaire for self-rating of stimulating activities (work/education, leisure, physical, social, usual- and current environments) was designed.

Neuropsychiatric characterization of individuals with inhalant use disorder and polysubstance use according to latent profiles of executive functioning.

Background: Inhalant use disorder (IUD) is associated with deficits in executive functions (EFs). We described latent profiles of EFs and distribution of neuropsychiatric disorders and patterns of severity of use across these profiles.

Methods: Individuals with IUD were recruited at community-based residential facilities for substance use treatment in Mexico City.

Development and evaluation of addiction treatment programs in Latin America.

Purpose Of Review: The aim of this article is to present a state-of-the-art review of the scientific studies that have evaluated healthcare systems, services and programs for addiction treatment in Latin America. As a secondary aim, this article presents a brief description and analysis of the addiction prevention and treatment resources and programs available in Latin America, based on information from the ATLAS on Substance Use (ATLAS-SU) project led by the WHO.

Recent Findings: Substance use disorders (SUDs) are among the main causes associated with global burden of disease.

Multidimensional Patterns of Sexual Risk Behavior and Psychiatric Disorders in Men with Substance Use Disorders.

Previous evidence links substance use disorders (SUD) to STI/HIV risk and suggests that comorbid psychiatric disorders increase the probability to engage in sexual risk behaviors. This study had two aims: (1) to identify subgroups based on sexual risk behavior using a person-centered approach in a sample of substance users and (2) to measure the association of psychiatric and SUD with subgroup membership. We assessed 402 male adults with SUD, reporting sexual intercourse in the previous 12 months using the HIV-Risk Behavior Scale and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview.

Latent Impulsivity Subtypes in Substance Use Disorders and Interactions with Internalizing and Externalizing Co-Occurring Disorders.

This study explored the clinical importance of latent impulsivity subtypes within a sample of individuals with substance use disorders (SUDs) and high rates of co-occurring disorders (CODs) receiving residential treatment, aiming to assess the heterogeneity of the associations between SUDs and CODs across such impulsivity subtypes. The abbreviated Barratt impulsiveness scale was used to assess motor and cognitive (attentional and nonplanning) impulsivity, a structured interview for diagnosis of SUD and CODs, and other clinimetric measures for severity of substance use. Latent class analysis was conducted to extract subgroups of impulsivity subtypes and Poisson regression to analyze effects of interactions of classes by CODs on severity of substance use.

Latent class profile of psychiatric symptoms and treatment utilization in a sample of patients with co-occurring disorders.

Objective: To identify symptom-based subgroups within a sample of patients with co-occurring disorders (CODs) and to analyze intersubgroup differences in mental health services utilization.

Methods: Two hundred and fifteen patients with COD from an addiction clinic completed the Symptom Checklist 90-Revised. Subgroups were determined using latent class profile analysis.

Motivational enhancement treatment in outpatient addiction centers: A multisite randomized trial.

Background/objectives: Motivational Enhancement Treatment in Spanish (METS) is a brief intervention aimed at resolving patient ambivalence towards behavior change that has demonstrated efficacy in substance use disorder treatment to reduce use and increase treatment engagement in different populations. In order to have evidence for its implementation in Mexico, a multi-site, randomized, two-arm, controlled clinical trial was conducted at three outpatient addiction treatment centers in the country to compare the effect of METS with Counseling as Usual (CAU).

Method: One hundred and twenty patients were randomized to receive three sessions of METS ( = 54) or CAU ( = 66) during the first four weeks of treatment and were assessed during the following 12 weeks.

Violence narratives of Mexican women treated in mutual-aid residential centers for addiction treatment.

Background: Violence against women is a social and public health issue in Mexico. The aim of this article is to explore violence among an understudied group of women, who attended Mutual-Aid Residential Centers for Addiction Treatment and experienced stigma both as women and addicts. These centers are particular kind of addiction treatment services that stem from 12-step philosophy, but that have been found to manipulate said philosophy and exercise extreme forms of psychological and physical violence.

Co-Occurring Disorders: A Challenge for Mexican Community-Based Residential Care Facilities for Substance Use.

Objective: In Mexico, specialized treatment services for people with co-occurring disorders are limited within public health services, while private options are deemed too costly. More than 2,000 community-based residential care facilities have risen as an alternative and are the main source of treatment for individuals with substance use disorders; however, suboptimal practices within such facilities are common. Information on the clinical characteristics of patients receiving care in these facilities is scarce and capacity to provide high-quality care for co-occurring disorders is unknown.

Technology transfer for the implementation of a clinical trials network on drug abuse and mental health treatment in Mexico.

Low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) lack the research infrastructure and capacity to conduct rigorous substance abuse and mental health effectiveness clinical trials to guide clinical practice. A partnership between the Florida Node Alliance of the United States National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network and the National Institute of Psychiatry in Mexico was established in 2011 to improve substance abuse practice in Mexico. The purpose of this partnership was to develop a Mexican national clinical trials network of substance abuse researchers and providers capable of implementing effectiveness randomized clinical trials in community-based settings.

Experiences of Power and Violence in Mexican Men Attending Mutual-Aid Residential Centers for Addiction Treatment.

Fundamental elements of hegemonic masculinity such as power and violence are analyzed through characteristics of 12-step programs and philosophy immersed in Mutual-Aid Residential Centers for Addiction Treatment (CRAMAAs). CRAMAAs are a culturally specific form of substance abuse treatment in Mexico that are characterized by control and violence. Fifteen interviews were carried out with men of varied sociodemographic characteristics, and who resided in at least two of these centers.

Characteristics of a treatment-seeking population in outpatient addiction treatment centers in Mexico.

Background: Baseline patients' characteristics are critical for treatment planning, as these can be moderators of treatment effects. In Mexico, information on treatment seekers with substance use disorders is scarce and limited to demographic characteristics.

Objective: This paper presents and analyses demographic characteristics, substance use related problems, clinical features, and addiction severity in a sample of treatment seekers from the first multi-site randomized clinical trial implemented in the Mexican Clinical Trials Network on Addiction and Mental Health.

[Alcohol outcome expectancies questionnaire (CERCA): psychometric properties in inpatients for addictions in Mexico].

Alcohol expectancies are the anticipations that a person makes to the effects that this substance will cause. This construct has proven to be useful in explaining alcohol consumption; however they have been scarcely measured in clinical population. The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of a test measuring these expectations in Mexican people with severe alcohol consumption under inpatient treatment.