Oscillatory ventilation enhances oxygenation and reduces inflammation in an animal model of acute respiratory distress syndrome: an experimental study.

Background: This study aims to compare the use of variable mechanical ventilation with conventional mechanical ventilation in a porcine model of ARDS induced by oleic acid.

Methods: The animals were divided into two groups (n = 6), Conventional Ventilation (CO) and variable ventilation with Bi-Oscillatory PEEP (BiPEEP). ARDS was induced using intravenous oleic acid (0.

Advanced renal cell carcinoma management: the Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group (LACOG) and the Latin American Renal Cancer Group (LARCG) consensus update.

Purpose: Renal cell carcinoma is an aggressive disease with a high mortality rate. Management has drastically changed with the new era of immunotherapy, and novel strategies are being developed; however, identifying systemic treatments is still challenging. This paper presents an update of the expert panel consensus from the Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group and the Latin American Renal Cancer Group on advanced renal cell carcinoma management in Brazil.

Multicenter Database of Patients with Germ-Cell Tumors: A Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group Registry (LACOG 0515).

Introduction: Germ-cell tumors (GCTs) are the most common malignancy in young men. There is a paucity of data on GCTs in developing countries. LACOG 0515 study aimed to evaluate clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes in patients with GCTs from Brazilian cancer centers.

Erdafitinib treatment in Brazilian patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC): real-world evidence from an Expanded Access Program.

Background: Erdafitinib is the first targeted therapy approved for the treatment of patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC). Approval was based on a phase II single-arm trial that demonstrated significant activity of erdafitinib in patients with tumors harboring FGFR2/3 alterations. In Brazil, an Expanded Access Program (EAP) provided patients with early access to erdafitinib prior to market authorization.

Risk of fatigue and anemia in patients with advanced cancer treated with olaparib: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Introduction: PARP inhibitors are a new class of drugs that are currently being studied in several malignancies. Olaparib is FDA-approved for advanced breast cancer and advanced ovarian cancer patients. Fatigue and anemia are among the most common cancer and treatment-related symptoms.

Proposal of a New Electrode and Modality of Electrical Stimulation for Diaphragmatic Pacemakers.

Purpose: This report describes the implantation of a new design of intramuscular electrode to the diaphragm and introduces a new modality of electroventilation for diaphragmatic pacemaker.

Description: We used 22 Large White female pigs to test 68 electrodes that were implanted in the abdominal portion of the diaphragm by videolaparoscopy. Animals were submitted to a new protocol of electroventilation with an unpolarized current and a single-channel mode with 1 electrode for each hemidiaphragm during 3 hours.

Continuous palliative sedation for patients with advanced cancer at a tertiary care cancer center.

Background: Palliative sedation (PS) is an intervention to treat refractory symptoms and to relieve suffering at the end of life. Its prevalence and practice patterns vary widely worldwide. The aim of our study was to evaluate the frequency, clinical indications and outcomes of PS in advanced cancer patients admitted to our tertiary comprehensive cancer center.

Technique for implanting intramuscular electrodes in the diaphragm by videolaparoscopy in pigs.

Purpose: To describe a novel approach for implanting intramuscular electrodes in the diaphragm through videolaparoscopy.

Methods: We used twelve pigs for this videolaparoscopic technique, which permits at the same time to explore the diaphragm, to locate its motor points and to fix the electrodes in the diaphragm bilaterally. In this technique we used three trocars: one portal for a 10-mm 0° viewing angle laparoscope, one portal for the manipulation of structures and another for electrode implantation.

N-acetylcysteine administration confers lung protection in different phases of lung ischaemia-reperfusion injury.

Objectives: To verify the effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) administered before and after ischaemia in an animal model of lung ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) injury.

Methods: Twenty-four Wistar rats were subjected to an experimental model of selective left pulmonary hilar clamping for 45 min followed by 2 h of reperfusion. The animals were divided into four groups: control group (SHAM), ischaemia-reperfusion, N-acetylcysteine-preischaemia (NAC-Pre) and NAC-postischaemia (NAC-Post).

The potential role of extracellular regulatory kinase in the survival of patients with early stage adenocarcinoma.

Background: Lung cancer is among the most common types of neoplasias, and adenocarcinoma is the most frequent histological type. There is currently an extensive search for prognostic biomarkers of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: We analyzed the correlation of clinical data and patient survival with the levels of activated extracellular regulatory kinase (ERK) in histological samples of surgically resected early stage lung adenocarcinoma.

Effectiveness of diaphragmatic stimulation with single-channel electrodes in rabbits.

Every year, a large number of individuals become dependent on mechanical ventilation because of a loss of diaphragm function. The most common causes are cervical spinal trauma and neuromuscular diseases. We have developed an experimental model to evaluate the performance of electrical stimulation of the diaphragm in rabbits using single-channel electrodes implanted directly into the muscle.

Endobronchial perfluorocarbon administration decreases lung injury in an experimental model of ischemia and reperfusion.

Objective: To verify the effects of liquid endobronchial perfluorocarbon (PFC) administered before reperfusion in an animal model of lung ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Methods: Eighteen Wistar rats were subjected to an experimental model of selective left pulmonary artery clamping for 45 min followed by reperfusion for 2 h. The animals were divided into three groups: the ischemia-reperfusion (IR) group, the sham group, and the PFC group.

Effect of positive end-expiratory pressure after porcine unilateral left lung transplant.

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of 2 different levels of positive end-expiratory pressure on pigs who had unilateral lung transplants.

Materials And Methods: A left lung transplant was performed in 12 pigs. The animals were randomized into 2 groups based on positive end-expiratory pressure: group 1 (5 cm H(2)O) and group 2 (10 cm H(2)O).