The modified integrative weaning index as a predictor of extubation failure.

Introduction: The extubation period is one of the most challenging aspects for intensive care teams. Timely recognition of the return to spontaneous ventilation is essential for reducing costs, morbidity, and mortality. Several weaning predictors were studied in an attempt to evaluate the outcome of removing ventilatory support.

Effect of low-level laser therapy on mast cells in viability of the transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap.

Objective: To assess the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on viability of mast cells of the transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (TRAM) flap.

Background Data: LLLT has been recently used on the TRAM flap to stimulate mast cells.

Materials And Methods: Eighty-four Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups of 12 rats in each: group 1 (sham laser therapy); group 2 received 3 J/cm(2) at one point; group 3 received 3 J/cm(2) at 24 points; group 4 received 72 J/cm(2) at 1 point; group 5 received 6 J/cm(2) at 1 point; group 6 received 6 J/cm(2) at 24 points; and group 7 received 144 J/cm(2) at 1 point.