Cardiopulmonary and haemodynamic changes during total hip arthroplasty.

We report a prospective study of 30 patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty for osteoarthrosis in order to investigate the haemodynamic and respiratory changes which occur during operation. Cement was used in 17 cases and the implants were not cemented in 13. Pulmonary and cardiac function, blood levels of methylmethacrylate monomer, intramedullary pressure and transoesophageal echocardiography were recorded.

Infratemporal approaches to nasopharyngeal tumors.

Twenty patients with neoplasms originating in the nasopharynx were operated using the infratemporal fossa approach with facial translocation (15 cases), the subtemporal-preauricular infratemporal approach (2 cases), and the transmandibular approach (3 cases). A craniectomy was also required in 14 cases. Fifteen tumors were malignant, while 5 were juvenile angiofibromas with infratemporal and intracranial extensions.

Plasma sulfobromophthalein disappearance in Gilbert's syndrome.

Background/aims: We studied the metabolism of sulfobromophthalein and its relationship with serum bilirubin levels in 40 patients with Gilbert's syndrome (type I 30; type II 6; type III 4).

Material And Methods: Plasma sulfobromophthalein disappearance studies were carried out and 72 hours later, serum bilirubin concentrations (total and unconjugated fraction) were determined at baseline and after 24 and 48 hours of dietary restriction to 400 calories/day.

Results: The fractional transfer rate of sulfobromophthalein from plasma to liver was significantly higher in types I (14.

Presence of nitric oxide synthase activity in roots and nodules of Lupinus albus.

NO is a widespread messenger molecule in physiology. We were interested in investigating whether an NO-generating system could be present in plants. NO and L-[14C]citrulline were synthesized by roots and nodules of Lupinus albus in an L-arginine-dependent manner.

Immunohistochemical distribution and electron microscopic subcellular localization of the proteasome in the rat CNS.

The proteasome multicatalytic proteinase (MCP) is a 20S complex that plays a major role in nonlysosomal pathways of intracellular protein degradation. A polyclonal antibody against rat liver MCP was used to investigate the distribution of MCP in the CNS of the rat and its subcellular localization within the neurons. As expected, MCP immunoreactivity (MCP-IR) was distributed ubiquitously in the rat CNS but not homogeneously.

Amplification of ERBB oncogenes in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck.

The activation of ERBB oncogenes has been described in various human tumours, including squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (SCCHN), and, in some of them, it has been correlated with a poor prognosis. Tissue samples from 59 patients with SCCHN were studied. After DNA extraction, the ERBB1, ERBB2 and ERBB3 copy number in tumour samples was estimated with the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method.

Castleman's disease restricted to the infratemporal fossa.

Giant lymph node hyperplasia (Castleman's disease) is usually reported as a solitary mediastinal tumour, although involvement of other anatomical sites and a multicentric form have been reported. We describe a rare case of Castleman's disease due to its localisation (the left infratemporal fossa) and histology (plasma-cell variant). A brief review of the main clinico-histological characteristics of Castleman's disease is also presented.

Distribution of glyoxylate dehydrogenase activity in cortical and subcortical regions of the rat brain. A light microscopic histoenzymological study.

The distribution of the glyoxylate dehydrogenase (GLYO-DH) (Glyoxylate oxidoreductase) activity has been investigated in rat brain using the corresponding histochemical method. The results have demonstrated a positive histochemical reaction in neurons of several cortical and subcortical areas. These neurons are located in the same regions in which operate monoaminergic neurotransmitters.

Nitric oxide-mediated beta 2-adrenoceptor relaxation is impaired in mesenteric veins from portal-hypertensive rats.

Background & Aims: beta-Adrenergic relaxation seems to be mediated by nitric oxide. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes induced by portal hypertension in beta 2-adrenergic vasorelaxation.

Methods: Isolated rat mesenteric veins were relaxed by salbutamol, and nerve-mediated vasocontractions were induced by electrical field stimulation.

Dental findings in patients with liver cirrhosis. A study of 100 cases.

A study was made of the dental findings in 100 patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) by examining the number of carious, missing and filled teeth. A significantly greater number of carious and missing teeth were observed in the patients with cirrhosis than in a control group of 50 healthy individuals. In the LC group, caries were found to affect more teeth in those patients with alcohol-induced LC than in those with liver disease of other causes.

A combined flap technique for earlobe reconstruction in one stage.

Many of the techniques available for earlobe reconstruction require that the rest of the ear is in continuity with retroauricular skin and they usually need two stages; in some cases a graft is also required. We present a method to create an earlobe in one stage and without grafts, illustrated by one case report. The technique is a combination of the flap techniques of Davis and Zenteno Alanis, using an extended retroauricular flap together with an anterior ear flap.

Immune response inhibition by irrigating subchondral bone with cytotoxic agents.

Attempts have been made (in the recent past) to inhibit the immune response to fresh osteoarticular (shell) allografts because the occurrence and the magnitude of this response is considerably greater and more harmful than that seen after frozen bone and soft tissue allografts. To decrease in immunogenicity of these fresh grafts, the subchondral bone of rat distal femur allografts was irrigated with Betadine scrub solution (n = 10) or Triton-X (n = 11) before transplantation (Study 1). The Triton-X significantly reduced the immunogenicity of the grafts, but the Betadine scrub solution had no effect.

Immune response to nonspecific and altered tissue antigens in soft tissue allografts.

Soft tissue allografts have many uses in orthopaedic surgery, including knee ligament reconstruction, hand tendon surgery, shoulder instability, and rotator cuff reconstruction. The predictable biologic incorporation of soft tissue allografts without rejection or fear of disease transmission continues to be a goal of basic science researchers. A review of the current knowledge if the immune system response to donor specific, nonspecific, and altered tissue antigens in soft tissue or tendon allografts is presented.

Immune response to synthetic materials. Sensitization of patients receiving orthopaedic implants.

Metallic orthopaedic devices are composed of elements that are known to be skin sensitizers in the general population. There is concern about the possibility of sensitivity reactions in patients bearing these implants. Blood samples were drawn from 22 patients having primary total joint replacement and who had no known prior metal allergies or exposure.

MYC amplification in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck.

Objectives: To establish the frequency of MYC amplification in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the head and neck to evaluate its correlation with clinicopathologic variables that are used in clinical practice.

Design: Cohort analytic study.

Setting: University Hospital.

Complications of supraglottic laryngectomy for carcinomas of the supraglottis and the base of the tongue.

The medical records of patients with either a supraglottic carcinoma (n = 193) or a base of tongue carcinoma (n = 56) who underwent a supraglottic laryngectomy were studied. Because of aspiration total laryngectomy was required in 9.8% and 21.

Extended supraglottic laryngectomy for primary base of tongue carcinomas.

A retrospective review of 56 patients with a primary base of tongue carcinoma was undertaken to determine the value of supraglottic laryngectomy. All the patients had a supraglottic laryngectomy and a total of 77 neck dissections. Forty-three (76.

Chemical heterogeneity in adult rat cerebellar Purkinje cells as revealed by zebrin I and low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor immunocytochemical expression following injury.

Cerebellar Purkinje cells in rat express low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor during development, but rarely in normal adult animals. However, after either mechanical injury or colchicine treatment during adulthood, these cells re-express low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor-immunoreactive protein. Two Purkinje cell subpopulations were defined in normal adult cerebellum by the presence or the absence of zebrin I antigen.

[Comparative study of the prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in the prison population between 1985 and 1992].

The prisoner population of the penitentiaries presents an elevated prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency type 1 (HIV-1) infection markers. In the last few years different measures have been developed to prevent infection. This study evaluates whether there have been changes in the prevalence of infection by these virus over the last few years within a penitentiary.