Equine ICSI: an update on semen perspective.

Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) has increased usage in cases of stallion fertility issues, particularly for older stallions, those with reduced sperm numbers or quality, or stallions that have passed away, and only a limited amount of frozen semen is available. By manipulating the frozen semen through thawing, diluting, and refreezing or by cutting the straw under liquid nitrogen, the supply of semen for ICSI can be extended. While ICSI requires a minimal number of spermatozoa per procedure, it is important to consider sperm quality as a crucial factor affecting fertilization and embryo development.

Seasonality does not influence cortisol or testosterone production, or seminal quality of stallions located at low latitudes.

The effects of seasonality on the reproduction of stallions vary based on the latitude. Although previous studies have shown the influence of seasonality in raw semen quality in south-eastern Brazil, data regarding the influence of seasonality in cooled and frozen stored semen in Brazil is limited. Therefore, in this study, we have analysed if seasonality influences the hormone production (i.

Effectiveness of Ozone Therapy in The Treatment of Endometritis in Mares.

Endometritis is defined as inflammation of the endometrium that may be acute or chronic, infectious, or non-infectious. Endometritis is an important cause of subfertility in mares. Considering the antimicrobial characteristics, immune-stimulating ability, and low cost of ozone (O) therapy, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of intrauterine O therapy as an alternative treatment for endometritis in mares.

Aspects of Breeding Stallion Management with Specific Focus on Animal Welfare.

Risk prevention is often counterproductive to stallions' living conditions when assessed under welfare aspects. In the wild, stallions live in social groups, but under domestic conditions, the majority of breeding stallions live in individual boxes with limited social contact. This stimulates aggressiveness and the incidence of stereotypic behavior.

Effects of Refrigeration at 5°C for Long Periods of Time on Bovine Ear Skin as a Strategy to Transport Biological Material and Isolate Fibroblasts to Use in the Nuclear Transfer.

Animal cloning is an important technique used to produce clones from valuable farm animals, to rescue animals in risk of extinction, and for producing transgenic animals. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of refrigeration on bovine ear skin as a strategy to transport biological material for long periods of time to isolate viable fibroblasts. Ears from eight cows were collected after death and stored for 30 days at 5°C.

Fetal development and blood hematological-biochemical parameters in Campeiro and Pantaneiro foals.

For a long time, Pantaneiro and Campeiro breeds were raised only within their places of origin. Consequently, there are few of these horses; therefore, establishing reproductive and clinical standards for these animals is necessary to implant new biotechnologies for reproduction to preserve their genetics. This study aimed to perform a descriptive evaluation of fetal age determination by fetus ocular orbit measurement in mares of the Campeiro and Pantaneiro breeds.

Effects of environmental temperature and season on hair coat characteristics, physiologic and reproductive parameters in Shetland pony stallions.

We hypothesized that housing of stallions in a thermoneutral temperature zone during autumn and winter does not only influence metabolism and hair shedding but also improves the characteristics of raw and processed semen. Fertile Shetland pony stallions were followed from October to June. This time coincided with the seasons autumn, winter and spring.

Cooled-storage of equine semen does not induce major changes in sperm DNA methylation.

A decrease in fertility of equine semen during cooled-storage so far has mainly been attributed to changes in sperm membrane function. In the present study we hypothesized that cooled-storage also changes the sperm DNA methylation level. For this purpose, semen was collected from 10 fertile stallions and processed for cooled-storage at 5 °C.

Efficacy of 2,6-dichlorophenol lure to control Dermacentor nitens.

This study was carried out with the objective of evaluating the efficacy of a 2,6-dichlorophenol (2,6-DCP) lure to control Dermacentor nitens (Acari: Ixodidae). Slow-release formulations of the pheromone formulated with and without cypermethrin were prepared. Olfactometer bioassays were used to define the best dose of the pheromone and to evaluate the effect of cypermethrin with 2,6-DCP attractiveness.