New genus of Pleminiini Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Pseudophyllinae) from the Colombian Andes.

The Pleminiini tribe (Pseudophyllinae: Tettigoniidae) currently comprises 51 genera and 227 valid species with a Neotropical and Afrotropical distribution. Herein, the new monotypic genus Muscuspina Mendes gen. nov.

Revisiting the Darwin wasp genus Epelaspis Townes, 1970 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Phygadeuontinae): five new species, new records and a key to Neotropical species.

The Darwin wasp genus Epelaspis Townes, 1970 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Phygadeuontinae) is studied in some countries of South America. We recorded the genus for the first time in Colombia, and five new species are described: Epelaspis boteroi Lima & Fernandes, sp. nov.

Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and measurement properties of the prolapse and incontinence knowledge quiz (PIKQ-Br) for Brazilian women with urinary incontinence.

Background: The Prolapse and Incontinence Knowledge Quiz (PIKQ) was developed to assess women's knowledge of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and urinary incontinence (UI).

Objective: To perform the translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and measurement properties of the PIKQ for Brazilian women with UI (PIKQ-Br).

Methods: The measurement properties were tested for validity (content and face, structural, and hypotheses testing) and reliability (internal consistency, test-retest, and measurement error) in 130 women with UI from Recife, Brazil.

Revising Spider Egg-predating Fly Records (Diptera: Sarcophagidae): New Insights on Prey, Taxonomy, and Distribution of () Hall in Southern South America.

Flesh flies (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) exhibit a wide range of feeding habits including necrophagy, coprophagy, kleptoparasitism, parasitism, and predation. Among them are species of Meigen belonging to the subgenera Lopes and Enderlein that are specialized predators of spider eggs. These flies hover around spider webs and lay their larvae on the spider egg sac.

Implementation of a Screening Program for High-Grade Anal Dysplasia in High-Risk Patients in a Tertiary Cancer Center.

Introduction: The incidence of anal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) has been increasing over the last decades. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection accounts for more than 90% of anal cancers, and HIV co-infection increases the risk of invasive cancer. Men who have sex with men (MSM) with HIV are the highest risk group for developing anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (aHSILs), which can be found in 45%-50% of these patients and are precursor lesions for invasive cancer.

SURVIVAL AND PROGNOSTIC FACTORS OF ANAL CANCER: A STUDY BASED ON DATA FROM THE HOSPITAL-BASED CANCER REGISTRY OF A HIGH-COMPLEXITY ONCOLOGY CARE CENTER.

Background: Anal cancer is a relatively rare disease, and there is a lack of survival data from low- and middle-income countries.

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the survival rates and prognostic factors of anal cancer cases treated at a High-Complexity Oncology Care Center in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted involving 665 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the anus/anal canal treated from 2000 to 2016.

Spectroscopic exploration of mode of binding of DNA and BSA with acridone alkaloids isolated from (Rutaceae).

is a medicinal plant widely studied due to its great phytochemical diversity, especially its acrinonic alkaloids, which have shown to be promising anticancer candidates. The aim of this work was to promote the isolation of acridonic alkaloids from fruits of and carried out absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy studies with calf thymus DNA and BSA. Five acridone alkaloids have been isolated, including the first description of 3-desmethoxy arborinine ().

Anticancer Drug Discovery from Natural Compounds Targeting PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway.

The term cancer is used to describe a complex pathology characterized by the uncontrollable proliferation of cells, which displays a fast metastatic spread, being a disease with difficult treatment. In this context, Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) represents a promising pathway to be inhibited, aiming to develop anticancer agents, since it performs a pivotal role in regulating essential cellular processes, including cell proliferation, growth, autophagy, and apoptosis. In parallel, natural compounds can effectively represent a therapeutic strategy to fight against malignant cells.

Influence of vitamin D on muscle strength and botulinum toxin dosage through surface electromyography.

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of patients' serum vitamin D levels on muscle strength characteristics and whether it impacts the durability of botulinum toxin (BT) treatment.

Methods: The muscle strength of the frontal and corrugator muscles was evaluated before and after the application of TB with pre- and post-application control measurements, and at weeks 2, 5 and 12. The effect of vitamin D on muscle strength and its interaction with BT were investigated in 20 patients.

Associations between dual-task walking and cognitive impairment in people attending a cognitive diagnostic clinic.

Objectives: Dual-task walking performance is an early marker of dementia. However, there is uncertainty about which measure of the dual-task test is a better marker. The objective of this study was to determine which dual-task measure best differentiates between normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia.

The Multitarget Action of Vitamins in the Ischemic Stroke.

A stroke, also known as a cerebral hemorrhage, occurs when there is an interruption in the blood supply to a part of the brain, resulting in damage to brain cells. This issue is one of the leading causes of death in developed countries, currently killing about 5 million people annually. Individuals who survive ischemic stroke often face serious vision problems, paralysis, dementia, and other sequelae.

and evaluation of the anti-leishmania activity of synthetic chalcones.

Leishmaniasis is a group of neglected, vector-borne infectious diseases that affect millions of people around the world. The medications available for its treatment, especially in cases of visceral leishmaniasis, are old, outdated and have serious side effects. In this work, 10 chalcones were synthesised and evaluated against promastigotes and axenic amastigotes of .

Chilean Darwin Wasps (Ichneumonidae): Biogeographic Relationships and Distribution Patterns.

Ichneumonidae, or Chilean Darwin wasps, are an important component of South American hymenopteran diversity, but the taxonomic and distributional knowledge on this insect is still deficient. Taking advantage of recently updated taxonomic knowledge, we assessed biogeographic relationships at the genus level and biodiversity spatial patterns along the latitudinal gradient. The results show the presence of 264 species in Chile, arranged in 102 genera and 22 subfamilies.

Comparison of the Electromyography Activity during Exercises with Stable and Unstable Surfaces: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The effect of electromyographic (EMG) activity on agonist muscles during exercises performed on stable and unstable surfaces remains uncertain. We aimed to review the literature regarding the comparison of the EMG activity of the agonist muscles of exercises performed on stable and unstable surfaces. Eighty-six studies that evaluated the EMG activity of 1783 individuals during exercises for the lower limbs, upper limbs, and core were included.

Use of a peanut ball, positioning and pelvic mobility in parturient women shortens labour and improves maternal satisfaction with childbirth: a randomised trial.

Question: What is the effect of a protocol targeted at the various stages of labour - with a peanut ball, positioning and pelvic mobility - on the duration of labour, pain severity, fatigue, maternal outcomes, neonatal outcomes and satisfaction in parturients without analgesia?

Design: A randomised trial with concealed allocation, blinding of assessors and intention-to-treat analysis.

Participants: One hundred women in active labour.

Intervention: The experimental group received the protocol targeted at the various stages of labour, with a peanut ball, positioning and pelvic mobility, whilst the control group received usual care.

Synopsis of Lusius Tosquinet, 1903 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Phaeogenini) from South America: a new species, new records, and key to Neotropical species.

A new species of Lusius Tosquinet, 1903 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Phaeogenini) is described from the northwestern Andes of Colombia, and additionally, the geographic distribution of Lusius ferrugineus Graf, 2000 is expanded to Bahia and Rio Grande do Sul states, Brazil. New comparative diagnoses, distribution maps, and an illustrated key to Neotropical species are also provided.

Effects of 12-Weeks of Home-Based Exercise Training on Physical and Cognitive Function of Older Adults: Randomized Trial Comparing Virtual Versus Minimal Supervision in the Context of the Covid-19 Pandemic in Brazil.

Background: We investigated the effects of a 12-week home-based exercise program delivered with virtual or minimal supervision on the physical and cognitive function of community-dwelling older adults in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil.

Methods: The study was registered on the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials platform (code: RBR-8qby2wt). Thirty-eight older adults (81% female and 68±7 years old), non-disabled, and without cognitive impairment or dementia, were randomly assigned to a 12-week home-based exercise program: 1) virtual supervision (classes remotely delivered through video conference by trained staff), or 2) minimal supervision (once-weekly contact to touch base through standardized text messages).

Adherence and dropout in exercise-based interventions in childhood obesity: A systematic review of randomized trials.

Our objective was to systematically examine the characteristics of exercise interventions on adherence and dropout in children and adolescents with obesity. PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Lilacs, Scielo, and The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and reference lists of relevant articles were searched. We included randomized controlled trials with exercise interventions for pediatric patients with obesity presenting data on dropout and/or adherence.

Variations in Postmenopausal Body Composition: A Cross-Sectional Comparison between Physical Activity Practitioners and Sedentary Individuals.

Physical activity is broadly recognized for promoting weight reduction and bestowing numerous health benefits. Nonetheless, robust evidence concerning the impact of physical activity on postmenopausal women, undergoing physiological shifts, remains scant. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between physical activity and body composition among postmenopausal women.

Racial disparities in breast cancer survival after treatment initiation in Brazil: a nationwide cohort study.

Background: Breast cancer is a public health priority in Brazil and ensuring equity in health care is one of the cancer control plan goals. Our aim was to present the first assessment on the influence of race or skin colour on breast cancer survival at the national level.

Methods: In this nationwide cohort study, data on women who initiated treatment for breast cancer in the public health-care system (Sistema Unico de Saúde), Brazil, were assembled through record linkage of administrative and mortality information systems.

Redescription of Hybusa occidentalis (Westwood) (Orthoptera: Proscopiidae: Hybusinae): new images, description of male genitalia, pictorial key of Hybusa species and morphological comparison of Hybusinae with Xeniinae and Proscopiinae.

Proscopiidae (Orthoptera: Caelifera) are grasshoppers found in Central and South America, often mistaken for true stick insects (Phasmatodea) due to their stick-like appearance. The family comprises three subfamilies: Hybusinae, Proscopiinae, and Xeniinae, with Hybusinae as the smallest subfamily, housing the genus Hybusa Erichson, which contains four species endemic to Chile. Considering that the most recent comprehensive taxonomic assessment of this genus was conducted approximately three decades ago, herein we redescribe the type species of Hybusa, H.

Two new Darwin wasp species of Eiphosoma Cresson, 1865 (Ichneumonidae: Cremastinae) from the northwestern Andes of Colombia.

Two new Darwin wasp species of Eiphosoma Cresson, 1865 (E. nigroandinum Fernandes sp. nov.

Effects of an eight-week physical exercise program on low back pain and function in fruit workers: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Low back pain is prevalent in workers' health and functional performance.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of a physical exercise program on low back pain and disability in fruit workers.

Methods: This randomized controlled trial assigned 44 workers (37 ± 9 years) to two groups.