Developing New Scales of Personal Food Security.

Background: Food insecurity is standardly measured at the household level or for groups of household members. However, food hardships may differ for individuals within households. Summary measures of people's individual experiences of food insecurity are needed.

Measuring the impact of calorie labeling: The mechanisms behind changes in obesity.

Learning the true calorie content of fast food may induce consumers to change behavior, yet recent evidence is mixed on whether calorie labels cause consumers to order healthier meals. Especially for individuals for whom consumption of highly caloric fast-food is habitual, a rational response to calorie labeling may instead be to maintain consumption levels but increase physical activity. Using American Time Use Survey data from 2004 to 2012, we show that the 2008 New York City Calorie Labeling Mandate significantly improved several measures of physical activity, including overall metabolic equivalents of task units and minutes of sedentary activity.

Addressing the carbon footprint, healthfulness, and costs of self-selected diets in the USA: a population-based cross-sectional study.

Background: The role of diet in health is well established and, in the past decade, more attention has been given to the role of food choices in the environment. The agricultural sector produces about a quarter of the world's greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE), and meat production, especially beef, is an important contributor to global GHGE. Our study aimed to address a fundamental gap in the diet-climate literature: identifying consumers who are receptive to making dietary changes, and the effect of their potential changes on GHGE, diet healthfulness, and diet costs.

Are Anatomical Measurements Useful for Interspecific and Sexual Differentiation of Temnomastax (Orthoptera: Eumastacidae) Species?

Species of Temnomastax have wide morphological similarities, and differentiation is usually based on male and female genitalia. In this study, we tested whether morphometric differences contribute to differentiation of species of Temnomastax, proposed an identification key for males, and morphometrically studied the sexual dimorphism of Temnomastax hamus and Temnomastax ricardoi. Analysis was performed using 204 specimens belonging to six species; fifteen morphometric variables were used.