Low solubility of sterols in aqueous media limits efficient steroid production mediated by biocatalytic microorganisms such as Mycobacterium. Sterol emulsion technologies have been developed with low success rates, largely due to the complexity of generating stable and bioavailable particles. In this study, several aqueous dispersions of sterols in-water of different particle sizes were bioconverted to 4-androstene-3,17-dione (AD) in a solvent-free environment, using a classic microorganism Mycobacterium sp.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe current state of knowledge regarding phytosterols biotransformation to produce the steroid intermediate 4-androstene-3,17-dione (AD) shows different technologies. However, the initial concentration of phytosterols in batch cultures is limited due to its low solubility in aqueous media, causing serious difficulties for scaling up because of the low mass transfer. In this chapter, we describe a fermentation method of a phytosterol microdispersion with Mycobacterium sp.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRosa mosqueta (RM) oil is characterized by high concentrations of antioxidants and α-linolenic acid (ALA; 18:3n-3). We have previously demonstrated in male C57BL/6J mice that RM decreases hepatic steatosis, a condition strongly associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. We studied the molecular mechanisms that underlie the role of RM in preventing high-fat diet (HFD)-induced oxidative stress and inflammation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRosa mosqueta (RM) oil is rich in α-linolenic acid (ALA) - a precursor of eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and it has a high antioxidant activity due to its abundant content of tocopherols. Additionally, it has been observed that RM oil administration prevents hepatic steatosis. Thus, the aim of this study was to demonstrate the antilipogenic mechanism related to RM oil administration in a high-fat diet (HFD) fed mice model by evaluating markers associated with the regulation of lipid droplet metabolism (PLIN2, PLIN5 and PPAR-γ), and proteins associated with lipogenesis (FAS and SREBP-1c).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe ligninolytic machinery of the widely used model fungus Ceriporiopsis subvermispora includes the enzymes manganese-peroxidase (MnP) and laccase (Lcs). In this work the effect of Mn(II) on the secretion of MnP was studied. Cultures grown in the absence of Mn(II) showed high levels of mnp transcripts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe biodegradation of lignin is a highly oxidative process in which various oxidases and peroxidases play a major role. During lignin decay, the generation of aromatic compounds and reactive oxygen species leads to oxidative stress. In this work, the effect of the oxidative compounds H(2)O(2) and hydroquinone in the ligninolytic fungus Ceriporiopsis subvermispora was studied, both at the ultrastructural and at the transcriptional level.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe effect of copper on the expression of genes encoding the ligninolytic enzymes laccase (lcs) and manganese peroxidase (mnp) in Ceriporiopsis subvermispora was evaluated. This metal increased transcript levels of lcs, mnp1 and mnp2. This finding was not unexpected in the case of lcs, since its promoter contains a putative ACE element.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF