Vitellogenesis in the Patagonian toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides) conditioned to a recirculating aquaculture system.

The Patagonian toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides) is a new promising fish species for diversifying the aquaculture industry in Chile because of its high economic value and high international demand. However, when attempting to start aquaculture of a new species, one of the major challenges is successfully achieving conditions to reproduce them. This is particularly difficult when the information on the biology and physiology of the reproduction process of the species in question is scarce, as is the case with D.

Novel microsatellite markers discovery in Patagonian toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides) using high-throughput sequencing.

Patagonian toohfish (Dissostichus eleginoides), is a sub Antartic notothenioid fish key in the marine ecosystem that sustains fishery of higher commercial value in the world. However, there are a scarce knowledge or information about its population genetic background, product of the almost null information of molecular markers available for this species. Here, we use high-throughput sequencing technology (Illumina platform) to develop 1071 microsatellite loci, of which 22 loci were selected to evaluation.

High density lipoproteins down-regulate transcriptional expression of pro-inflammatory factors and oxidative burst in head kidney leukocytes from rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.

Teleosts are the first group of vertebrates possessing an acquired immune system; however, it is less developed than in mammals and is highly influenced by environmental changes. Therefore, innate immunity effectors play a more critical role in survival of pathogen-challenged fish. In a previous study we showed that trout high density lipoprotein (HDL), and its major apolipoprotein (ApoA-I) are widely expressed in primary defense barriers and other immune-relevant tissues, displaying important antibacterial activity in vitro.

Detection of up-regulated serum amyloid A transcript and of amyloid AA aggregates in skeletal muscle lesions of rainbow trout infected with Flavobacterium psychrophilum.

Serum amyloid A (SAA) is a family of acute-phase proteins, recognized as important effectors of innate immunity in higher vertebrates. Under pro-inflammatory conditions, up-regulation of saa transcripts occurs not only in the liver, but also in several extrahepatic tissues of a wide variety of vertebrates. SAA is also known as the precursor to amyloid A (AA), a major component of amyloid fibrils deposited in liver, kidney and spleen of humans suffering chronic inflammatory diseases.

Serum amyloid A: a typical acute-phase reactant in rainbow trout?

Acute serum amyloid A (A-SAA) has been considered a major acute-phase reactant and an effector of innate immunity in all vertebrates. The work presented here shows that the expression of A-SAA is strongly induced in a wide variety of immune-relevant tissues in rainbow trout, either naturally infected with Flavobacterium psychrophilum or challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or CpG oligonucleotides (CpG ODN). Nevertheless, A-SAA was undetectable by Western blot either in the plasma or in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) of infected or challenged fish, using either an anti-mouse SAA1 IgG or an anti-trout A-SAA peptide serum, which recognise both the intact recombinant trout A-SAA and fragments derived from it.

Apolipoprotein A-I, an antimicrobial protein in Oncorhynchus mykiss: evaluation of its expression in primary defence barriers and plasma levels in sick and healthy fish.

Antimicrobial proteins and peptides play an important role in the primary defence barriers in vertebrates and invertebrates. In a previous study it was shown that high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and its major apolipoproteins, ApoA-I and ApoA-II display antimicrobial activity in the carp (Cyprinus carpio L.).

Hexose transporters GLUT1 and GLUT3 are colocalized with hexokinase I in caveolae microdomains of rat spermatogenic cells.

Postmeiotic spermatogenic cells, but not meiotic spermatogenic cells respond differentially with glucose-induced changes in [Ca2+]i indicating a differential transport of glucose via facilitative hexose transporters (GLUTs) specifically distributed in the plasma membrane. Several studies have indicated that plasma membrane in mammalian cells is not homogeneously organized, but contains specific microdomains known as detergent-resistant membrane domains (DRMDs), lipid rafts or caveolae. The association of these domains and GLUTs isoforms has not been characterized in spermatogenic cells.

Undetectable apolipoprotein A-I gene expression suggests an unusual mechanism of dietary lipid mobilisation in the intestine of Cyprinus carpio.

High density lipoprotein (HDL) has been shown to play an important role in the dietary lipid mobilisation in the carp. In spite of this, previous studies have failed to demonstrate the synthesis of the major protein component of HDL, apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), in the proximal intestine of the carp. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression of apoA-I throughout the entire intestine.

Apolipoproteins A-I and A-II are potentially important effectors of innate immunity in the teleost fish Cyprinus carpio.

We have previously shown that high density lipoprotein is the most abundant protein in the carp plasma and displays bactericidal activity in vitro. Therefore the aim of this study was to analyze the contribution of its principal apolipoproteins, apoA-I and apoA-II, in defense. Both apolipoproteins were isolated by a two step procedure involving affinity and gel filtration chromatography and were shown to display bactericidal and/or bacteriostatic activity in the micromolar range against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including some fish pathogens.

Local expression of apolipoprotein A-I gene and a possible role for HDL in primary defence in the carp skin.

Antimicrobial proteins and peptides play an important role in the primary defence of epithelial barriers in vertebrates and invertebrates. Here we report the detection of the apolipoproteins A-I and A-II in the epidermis and epidermal mucus of the carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis.

Specific binding of the endocytosis tracer horseradish peroxidase to intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP) in apical membranes of carp enterocytes.

In a previous study we had demonstrated that a 15-kDa protein present in carp intestinal brush-border membrane vesicles (BBMV) was able to bind the endocytosis tracer horseradish peroxidase (HRP) with high specificity. Here we show that this protein corresponds to a peripheral membrane protein, identified by partial amino acid sequence analysis as the intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP), a member of the small cytosolic fatty acid binding protein family (FABPs). The presence of I-FABP and its HRP-binding activity was demonstrated both in the cytosolic and membrane-associated fractions of intestinal mucosa by Western and ligand blot analyses, respectively.