A fixed combination of hydrochlorothiazide and amiloride for the treatment of essential hypertension.

The combination of hydrochlorothiazide and amiloride has been used in a group of patients diagnosed as having essential hypertension. Sixty-five percent of the patients for whom dietary restrictions did not achieve a reduction in blood pressure were initially controlled with this combination; the addition of a second or third drug was required by the remaining patients. During the six-month follow-up, the control of blood pressure was satisfactory with increased drug requirements, but the diuretic had to be discontinued in 12 patients because of side effects.

Hypouricemia by defect in the tubular reabsorption.

Two patients with hypouricemia with high levels of uric acid in their urine were given pyrazinamide and probenecid. The uric acid clearance decreased to low or normal values after pyrazinamide administration. In both cases, probenecid produced a slight increment in the uric acid excretion.

Alterations induced by large doses of furosemide in chronic renal insufficiency.

Eleven patients with different degrees of renal failure with creatinine clearances between 7 and 32 ml/min have been studied. After a standard water overload and control periods of clearances, furosemide 1 g was given/i.v.

Acute renal failure after use of diesel fuel as shampoo.

After washing his hair with diesel fuel a 28-year-old patient developed acute renal failure (ARF) and oliguria requiring hemodialysis. The patient recuperated completely. In the absence of other causal factors, we believe that the absorption of the diesel fuel components, either through the respiratory tract or through the skin can be considered to be the cause of the ARF.

Effects and interactions of furosemide and acetazolamide on tubular function in rat kidney.

Furosemide and acetazolamide effects on tubular function in rat kidney have been studied by micropuncture. Furosemide produced a marked rise in fractional proximal fluid reabsorption when urine loss was not replaced, and sodium excretion rose significantly indicating a distal effect. If urinary losses were replaced proximal fractional reabsorption was depressed and fractional sodium excretion increased more than 60%.

[Tubular permeability maintained in post-ischemic acute renal failure (author's transl)].

The effect of nearly total renal ischemia during a two hour period on glomerular filtration and urine composition was studied in relation to tubular permeability and tubular obstruction, two mechanisms that could explain renal insuficiency after iscehmia. Studies on creatinine clearance, micropuncture and microinjection of 14C-inulin into the proximal tubules by means of a hydraulic system were performed before and after the period of ischemia. Thirty minutes after the withdrawal of arterial obstruction, the animals exhibited a maintained diuresis, 50 per cent reduction in glomerular filtration in the superficial nephrons and in the total kidney, a reduction in the proximal fractional absorption of water, and also an increase in the urinary elimination of sodium.