Exposure experiments and machine learning revealed that personal care products can significantly increase transdermal exposure of SVOCs from the environment.

We investigated the impacts of personal care products (PCPs) on dermal exposure to semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs), including phthalates, organophosphate esters, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), ultraviolet filters, and p-phenylenediamines, through an experiment from volunteers, explored the impact mechanisms of PCP ingredients on dermal exposure, and predicted the PCP effects on SVOC concentrations in human serum using machine learning. After applying PCPs, namely lotion, baby oil, sunscreen, and blemish balm, the dermal adsorption of SVOCs increased significantly by 1.63 ± 0.

In Vivo Evaluation of Two Hemorrhagic Shock Resuscitation Controllers with Non-Invasive, Intermittent Sensors.

Hemorrhage is a leading cause of preventable death in military and civilian trauma medicine. Fluid resuscitation is the primary treatment option, which can be difficult to manage when multiple patients are involved. Traditional vital signs needed to drive resuscitation therapy being unavailable without invasive catheter placement is a challenge.

Interruption of glucagon signaling augments islet non-alpha cell proliferation in SLC7A2- and mTOR-dependent manners.

Objective: Dysregulated glucagon secretion and inadequate functional beta cell mass are hallmark features of diabetes. While glucagon receptor (GCGR) antagonism ameliorates hyperglycemia and elicits beta cell regeneration in pre-clinical models of diabetes, it also promotes alpha and delta cell hyperplasia. We sought to investigate the mechanism by which loss of glucagon action impacts pancreatic islet non-alpha cells, and the relevance of these observations in a human islet context.

The Effect of Mixtures and Additives on Dissolving Surfactant Lamellar Phases.

Understanding the dissolution process of surfactant solutions is important in formulating product design processes. The main goal of this study is to gain further insights into how additives and mixtures affect surfactant dissolution processes. To achieve this goal, dissipative particle dynamic simulations were used.

Interruption of glucagon signaling augments islet non-alpha cell proliferation in SLC7A2- and mTOR-dependent manners.

Objective: Dysregulated glucagon secretion and inadequate functional beta cell mass are hallmark features of diabetes. While glucagon receptor (GCGR) antagonism ameliorates hyperglycemia and elicits beta cell regeneration in pre-clinical models of diabetes, it also promotes alpha and delta cell hyperplasia. We sought to investigate the mechanism by which loss of glucagon action impacts pancreatic islet non-alpha cells, and the relevance of these observations in a human islet context.

Field study on the uptake pathways and their contributions to the accumulation of organophosphate esters, phthalates, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in upland rice.

Plant uptake of organic contaminants generally occurs through either root, gas-phase foliar, or particle-phase foliar uptake. Understanding these pathways is essential for food-system practitioners to reduce human exposures, and to clean contaminated-sites with phytoremediation. Herein, we conducted a field-based experiment using an improved specific exposure chamber to elucidate the uptake pathways of organophosphate esters, phthalates, and polycyclic aromatic compounds, and quantitatively assessed their contributions to organic contaminant accumulations in field-grown rice.

Teleoncology in the Veterans Health Administration: Models of Care and the Veteran Experience.

The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) has pioneered teleoncology to address access challenges faced by Veterans requiring cancer care. This ASCO Educational Book highlights the development of teleoncology programs within the VHA: the local VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System (VAPHS) Virtual Cancer Care Center, the National TeleOncology Program (NTO), and the regional Clinical Resource Hub (CRH) Oncology Program. These initiatives provide oncology care using a hub-and-spoke model, which centralizes expertise at hub sites and reaches Veterans at distant spoke sites through synchronous and asynchronous care.

Bioretention Design Modifications Increase the Simulated Capture of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Trace Organic Compounds.

Stormwater rapidly moves trace organic contaminants (TrOCs) from the built environment to the aquatic environment. Bioretention cells reduce loadings of some TrOCs, but they struggle with hydrophilic compounds. Herein, we assessed the potential to enhance TrOC removal via changes in bioretention system design by simulating the fate of seven high-priority stormwater TrOCs (e.

Outcomes of limited stage primary bone diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the rituximab era: a multicenter, retrospective study.

Primary bone diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is a rare variant of extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma historically treated with induction chemotherapy followed by consolidative radiation therapy (RT). It remains unknown whether RT confers additional benefit following rituximab-based chemoimmunotherapy (CIT) induction in patients with limited stage disease. We conducted a multicenter, retrospective analysis of patients treated between 2005 and 2019 using rituximab-based CIT regimens with or without consolidative RT to discern whether consolidative RT adds benefit in patients with stage I-II disease that could be encompassed in one radiation field.

Bioretention Cells Provide a 10-Fold Reduction in 6PPD-Quinone Mass Loadings to Receiving Waters: Evidence from a Field Experiment and Modeling.

Road runoff to streams and rivers exposes aquatic organisms to complex mixtures of chemical contaminants. In particular, the tire-derived chemical 6PPD-quinone (-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-'-phenyl--phenylenediamine-quinone) is acutely toxic to several species of salmonids, which are critical to fisheries, ecosystems, and Indigenous cultures. We therefore urgently require interventions that can reduce loadings of 6PPD-quinone to salmonid habitats.

Veterans with blood cancers: Clinical trial navigation and the challenge of rurality.

Purpose: The proportion of cancer patients who participate in clinical trials (CTs) remains low, despite an understanding of barriers to enrollment. The barrier of rural residence is relevant to Veterans, who more commonly live in rural areas than non-Veterans. In this exploratory study, we aimed to examine geographic factors that could impede CT enrollment and to improve access to CTs for Veterans.

Assessment of Near-Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy as Analytical Tools to Predict Viscosity of Ice Cream Mixes.

Ice cream is a complex product containing four different phases that affect its microstructure. Viscosity is a critical ice cream quality parameter that is typically measured using off-line methodologies, such as rheometry. In-line viscosity measurements allow continuous and instant analysis compared to off-line methodologies, yet they still constitute a challenge.

Poly (β-amino Ester) Nanoparticles Modified with a Rabies Virus-derived peptide for the Delivery of Across a 3D Model of the Blood Brain Barrier.

Gene editing has emerged as a therapeutic approach to manipulate the genome for killing cancer cells, protecting healthy tissues, and improving immune response to a tumor. The gene editing tool achaete-scute family bHLH transcription factor 1 CRISPR guide RNA () is known to restore neuronal lineage potential, promote terminal differentiation, and attenuate tumorigenicity in glioblastoma tumors. Here, we fabricated a polymeric nonviral carrier to encapsulate ASCL1-gRNA by electrostatic interactions and deliver it into glioblastoma cells across a 3D in vitro model of the blood-brain barrier (BBB).

Safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose in children with iron deficiency anemia.

Background: Iron deficiency is the primary cause of anemia in children. Intravenous (IV) iron formulations circumvent malabsorption and rapidly restore hemoglobin.

Methods: This Phase 2, non-randomized, multicenter study characterized the safety profile and determined appropriate dosing of ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) in children with iron deficiency anemia.

Identifying the contributions of root and foliage gaseous/particle uptakes to indoor plants for phthalates, OPFRs and PAHs.

Understanding the uptake pathways of organic chemicals in plants can help us use plants as biosentinels for human exposure, and as remediation tools for contaminated sites. Herein, we investigated the relative contributions of root and foliar (gas and particle) uptake pathways to indoor ornamental plants for phthalates (PAEs), organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). We looked at different kinds of indoor ornamental plants via pot and hydroponic control experiments, comparing the levels between their leaves and indoor air gaseous and particle phases, floor dust, and window film.

The effect of changing the molecular structure of the surfactant on the dissolution of lamellar phases.

Dissolution processes of surfactants, especially when in the lamellar phase, into water are important for product formulation. Understanding this process at a molecular level will help to enhance product design and control surfactant processes. The main goal of this study is to examine the effect of different lengths of surfactants and the hydrophobic to hydrophilic ratio on the dissolution process of surfactants.

Emissions and fate of organophosphate esters in outdoor urban environments.

Cities are drivers of the global economy, containing products and industries that emit many chemicals. Here, we use the Multimedia Urban Model (MUM) to estimate atmospheric emissions and fate of organophosphate esters (OPEs) from 19 global mega or major cities, finding that they collectively emitted ~81,000 kg yr of ∑OPEs in 2018. Typically, polar "mobile" compounds tend to partition to and be advected by water, while non-polar "bioaccumulative" chemicals do not.

Uptake, translocation, bioaccumulation, and bioavailability of organophosphate esters in rice paddy and maize fields.

Rice and maize are two main crops with different growth habits in Northeast China. To investigate the uptake, translocation, and accumulation of organophosphate esters (OPEs) in those two crops, we measured the OPE concentrations in their agricultural soil-crop systems during different growing seasons. OPE concentrations were higher in paddy (221 ± 62.

Stormwater Bioretention Cells Are Not an Effective Treatment for Persistent and Mobile Organic Compounds (PMOCs).

Bioretention cells are a stormwater management technology intended to reduce the quantity of water entering receiving bodies. They are also used to reduce contaminant releases, but their performance is unclear for hydrophilic persistent and mobile organic compounds (PMOCs). We developed a novel eight-compartment one-dimensional (1D) multimedia model of a bioretention cell ("Bioretention Blues") and applied it to a spike and recovery experiment conducted on a system near Toronto, Canada, involving PMOC benzotriazole and four organophosphate esters (OPEs).

Beating the heat: ecology of desert bobcats.

Background: Relative to temperate regions, little is known about bobcats (Lynx rufus) in the Sonoran Desert portion of their range, in part due to the difficulty of sampling an elusive carnivore in harsh desert environments. Here, we quantify habitat selection and evaluate diet of bobcats at Kofa National Wildlife Refuge, Arizona, USA, using multiple sampling techniques including GPS telemetry, camera traps, and DNA metabarcoding.

Results: Home ranges during the hot season were smaller than during the cool season.

Dietary fiber and probiotics influence the gut microbiome and melanoma immunotherapy response.

Gut bacteria modulate the response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) treatment in cancer, but the effect of diet and supplements on this interaction is not well studied. We assessed fecal microbiota profiles, dietary habits, and commercially available probiotic supplement use in melanoma patients and performed parallel preclinical studies. Higher dietary fiber was associated with significantly improved progression-free survival in 128 patients on ICB, with the most pronounced benefit observed in patients with sufficient dietary fiber intake and no probiotic use.

Occurrence and distribution of organophosphate flame retardants in the typical soil profiles of the Tibetan Plateau, China.

The urbanization and development of Tibetan Plateau (TP) probably results in a significant contamination of organic pollutants, such as organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs). However, there is a lack of monitoring and evaluation of their occurrence and risks in the soil of TP. We investigated the concentrations, vertical distributions, potential sources, and ecological risks of OPFRs in soil profiles from four regions of TP, China.