Comparing post-treatment urinary and colorectal procedures in prostate cancer patients using population-based linked data.

Purpose: To investigate urinary and colorectal procedures among men who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP) and external beam radiotherapy (EBRT).

Methods: We studied 16,271 (RP = 8516 and EBRT = 7755) South Australian men diagnosed with prostate cancer between 2001 and 2021. Colorectal and urinary procedures were extracted from hospital admission procedure codes and Medical Benefits Schedule item codes.

Prognostic value of comorbidity measures among Australian men with non-metastatic prostate cancer.

Aim: To compare the utility of various admission-based comorbidity indices in men diagnosed with non-metastatic prostate cancer.

Methods: The study cohort consisted of men diagnosed with prostate cancer between January 2002 and December 2020 according to the state-wide South Australian Cancer Registry. Comorbid conditions were captured for 11,470 men through linkage to public hospital admission data 5-years prior to prostate cancer diagnosis.

Estimated incidence of disruptions to event-free survival from non-metastatic cancers in New South Wales, Australia - a population-wide epidemiological study of linked cancer registry and treatment data.

Introduction: Population cancer registries record primary cancer incidence, mortality and survival for whole populations, but not more timely outcomes such as cancer recurrence, secondary cancers or other complications that disrupt event-free survival. Nonetheless, indirect evidence may be inferred from treatment data to provide indicators of recurrence and like events, which can facilitate earlier assessment of care outcomes. The present study aims to infer such evidence by applying algorithms to linked cancer registry and treatment data obtained from hospitals and universal health insurance claims applicable to the New South Wales (NSW) population of Australia.

Oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus spp.: Impacts on fatality in a NICU in Brazil - confronting the perfect storm.

Objective: Analyse the incidence, risk factors, antimicrobial susceptibility profile, and fatality in neonates infected with oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus spp. (ORS).

Methods: In this retrospective observational descriptive cohort study, the medical records of neonates admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) from January 2015 to June 2022 were analysed.

Revisiting the COVID-19 Pandemic: Mortality and Predictors of Death in Adult Patients in the Intensive Care Unit.

COVID-19 has generated a global impact due to its contagiousness and high lethality rates, with a large number of deaths occurring in intensive care units (ICUs). This study aimed to verify the occurrence of and understand the factors related to mortality in adult patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU in a tertiary hospital. This is a retrospective cohort study, which included COVID-19 patients admitted between March 2020 and December 2021.

Challenges and trends in Gram-negative bacterial infections in critically neonates: A seven-and-a-half-year observational study.

Background: Analyze the incidence, risk factors, and fatality rates of bloodstream infections by Gram-negative bacteria (GNB-BSIs) in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

Methods: This study employs a retrospective cohort design utilizing records of neonates admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit between January 2015 and June 2022.

Results: Among 1,495 neonates, 5.

Innovative use of Australian cancer registry data for early detection of the effects of epidemics and other mass disruptions on cancer incidence.

Background: Predictive modelling using pre-epidemic data have long been used to guide public health responses to communicable disease outbreaks and other health disruptions. In this study, cancer registry and related health data available 2-3 months from diagnosis were used to predict changes in cancer detection that otherwise would not have been identified until full registry processing was completed about 18-24 months later. A key question was whether these earlier data could be used to predict cancer incidence ahead of full processing by the cancer registry as a guide to more timely health responses.

Temporal trends in medication and service use patterns for mental health issues among men with prostate cancer.

Objective: Prostate cancer can significantly impact mental wellbeing, creating uncertainty and morbidity. This study described patterns of psychotropic medication and mental health service use, as a proxy measure for mental health problems, 5 years before and 5 years after prostate cancer diagnosis.

Methods: Population-based registry data were linked with Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme and Medicare Benefits Schedule data for all prostate cancer patients diagnosed in South Australia between 2012 and 2020 (n = 13,693).

Childhood Cancer Incidence and Survival in South Australia and the Northern Territory, 1990-2017, with Emphasis on Indigenous Peoples.

Background & Aims: Reports of a rise in childhood cancer incidence in Australia and globally prompted the investigation of cancer incidence and survival in South Australia (SA) and the Northern Territory (NT) over a 28-year period, with emphasis on Indigenous peoples.

Methods: This cross-sectional analysis of two prospective longitudinal databases, the SA and NT Cancer Registries (1990-2017), included all reported cases of childhood cancers. Poisson regression provided estimates of incidence rate ratios and survival was modelled using Cox proportional hazard models for children aged <5 and ≥5 years.

Protocol for evaluating the fitness for purpose of an artificial intelligence product for radiology reporting in the BreastScreen New South Wales breast cancer screening programme.

Introduction: Radiologist shortages threaten the sustainability of breast cancer screening programmes. Artificial intelligence (AI) products that can interpret mammograms could mitigate this risk. While previous studies have suggested this technology has accuracy comparable to radiologists most have been limited by using 'enriched' datasets and/or not considering the interaction between the algorithm and human readers.

Impact of comorbidities on prostate cancer-specific mortality: A population-based cohort study.

Aim: To assess the impact of comorbidities on prostate cancer mortality.

Methods: We studied 15,695 South Australian men diagnosed with prostate cancer between 2003 and 2019 from state-wide administrative linked data sets. Comorbidity was measured 1-year before prostate cancer diagnosis using Rx-Risk, a medication-based comorbidity index.

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation aggravates platelet glycoprotein V shedding and δ-granule deficiency in COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Background: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a lifesaving therapy in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Hemostatic complications are frequently observed in patients on ECMO and limit the success of this therapy. Platelets are key mediators of hemostasis enabling activation, aggregation, and thrombus formation by coming in contact with exposed matrix proteins via their surface receptors such as glycoprotein (GP) VI or GPIb/V/IX.

Reliability of continuous vital sign monitoring in post-operative patients employing consumer-grade fitness trackers: A randomised pilot trial.

Introduction: Fitness trackers can provide continuous monitoring of vital signs and thus have the potential to become a complementary, mobile and effective tool for early detection of patient deterioration and post-operative complications.

Methods: To evaluate potential implementations in acute care setting, we included 36 patients after moderate to major surgery in a recent randomised pilot trial to compare the performance of vital sign monitoring by three different fitness trackers (Apple Watch 7, Garmin Fenix 6pro and Withings ScanWatch) with established standard clinical monitors in post-anaesthesia care units and monitoring wards.

Results: During a cumulative period of 56 days, a total of 53,197 heart rate (HR) measurements, as well as 12,219 measurements of the peripheral blood oxygen saturation (SpO) and 28,954 respiratory rate (RR) measurements were collected by fitness trackers.

Primary, allied health, selected specialists, and mental health service utilisation by home care recipients in Australia before and after accessing the care, 2017-2019.

Objectives: To examine changes in primary, allied health, selected specialists, and mental health service utilisation by older people in the year before and after accessing home care package (HCP) services.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study using the Registry of Senior Australians Historical National Cohort (≥ 65 years old), including individuals accessing HCP services between 2017 and 2019 (N = 109,558), was conducted. The utilisation of general practice (GP) attendances, health assessments, chronic disease management plans, allied health services, geriatric, pain, palliative, and mental health services, subsidised by the Australian Government Medicare Benefits Schedule, was assessed in the 12 months before and after HCP access, stratified by HCP level (1-2 vs.

Warning labels for sugar-sweetened beverages and fruit juice: evaluation of 27 different labels on health effects, sugar content, energy and exercise equivalency.

Objectives: Front-of-pack warning labels may reduce consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages, potentially mitigating negative health outcomes. Comparisons between different warning label types to inform future research and policy directions are lacking. This study compared 27 warning labels across six message types for their potential to reduce sugar-sweetened beverage consumption.

Unraveling the epidemiology of urinary tract infections in neonates: Perspective from a Brazilian NICU.

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) can lead to neonatal complications like sepsis, worsened by empirical treatment, contributing to antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This study examined the incidence, etiology, risk factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility of uropathogens in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) in Brazil.

Methods: Medical records of neonates hospitalized in the NICU from January 2015 to June 2022 were retrospectively analyzed through the National Healthcare Safety Network system.

Medication-based Comorbidity Measures and Prostate Cancer Treatment Selection.

Introduction: We aimed to assess the association between comorbidities and prostate cancer management.

Patients And Methods: We studied 12,603 South Australian men diagnosed with prostate cancer between 2003 and 2019. Comorbidity was measured one year prior to prostate cancer diagnosis using a medication-based comorbidity index (Rx-Risk).

Mental Health Service Contact Following Cancer Diagnosis and Associations with Cancer Mortality: Results from a Linked Population-Based Study of Adolescents and Young Adults in New South Wales.

To assess the mental health conditions, as indicated by mental health service contact in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) diagnosed with cancer in New South Wales (NSW) and associations with cancer mortality. In 3998 NSW AYAs diagnosed with cancer in 2005-2017, mental health service contacts were obtained from hospital inpatient records and specified medical and pharmaceutical insurance claims. Odds of postcancer mental health contact were assessed by precancer mental contacts using logistic regression adjusted for sociodemographic and cancer characteristics.

Epidemiological indicators and predictors of lethality associated with fungal infections in a NICU: a historical series.

Objectives: Fungal infections (FI) pose a public health concern and significantly increase mortality rates, especially within Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU). Thus, this study aimed to investigate epidemiological indicators, risk factors, and lethality predictors associated with FI in a NICU.

Methods: This study included 1,510 neonates admitted to the NICU of a reference hospital in Brazil between 2015 and 2022.

Utility of prescription-based comorbidity indices for predicting mortality among Australian men with prostate cancer.

Background: Drug prescription registries has become an alternative data source to hospital admission databases for measuring comorbidities. However, the predictive validity of prescription-based comorbidity measures varies based on the population under investigation and outcome of interest. We aimed to determine which prescription-based index of comorbidity has most utility in Australian men with prostate cancer.

Effects of the "ICU Support" team meeting concept on patient-centered and staff-centered outcomes: study protocol for a randomized controlled multicenter study.

Background: Providing optimal care for critically ill patients is an extremely important but also highly demanding task, both emotionally and physically. The "ICU Support" team meeting concept aims to support intensive care unit (ICU) teams by promoting interprofessional communication, peer support, and patient safety by providing a structure for daily team meetings. This protocol describes a study to explore the effectiveness of "ICU Support" for patient- and staff-centered outcomes.

[Analysis of a differentiated resuscitation room activation at a national trauma center].

Background: In order to continue to efficiently provide both personnel-intensive and resource-intensive care to severely injured patients, some hospitals have introduced individually differentiated systems for resuscitation room treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the concept of the A and B classifications in terms of practicability, indications, and potential complications at a national trauma center in Bavaria.

Methods: In a retrospective study, data from resuscitation room trauma patients in the year 2020 were collected.

Risk of secondary malignancy following radiation therapy for prostate cancer.

We investigated whether prostate cancer patients treated with external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) have a higher cumulative incidence of secondary cancer compared with patients treated with radical prostatectomy (RP). We used state-wide linked data from South Australia to follow men with prostate cancer diagnosed from 2002 to 2019. The cumulative incidence of overall and site-specific secondary cancers between 5 and 15 years after treatment was estimated.