Polyphenolic Fraction Obtained From Marine Plant and Thalassiolin B Exert Cytotoxic Effects in Colorectal Cancer Cells and Arrest Tumor Progression in a Xenograft Mouse Model.

Marine plants are important sources of pharmacologically active metabolites. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the cytotoxic and antitumor activity of a polyphenolic fraction obtained from marine plant and thalassiolin B in human colorectal cancer cells. Human cancer cell lines, including HCT15, HCT116, SW260, and HT29 were treated with tested products for cytotoxicity evaluation by crystal violet assay.

Interaction of Metabolites with Cytochrome P450 Enzymes and Its Effects on Benzo(a)pyrene-Induced Mutagenicity.

The aim of the present work was to evaluate the effects of hydroethanolic extract, its polyphenolic fraction and thalassiolin B on the activity of phase I metabolizing enzymes as well as their antimutagenic effects. Spectrofluorometric techniques were used to evaluate the effect of tested products on rat and human CYP1A and CYP2B activity. The antimutagenic effect of tested products was evaluated in benzo[a]pyrene (BP)-induced mutagenicity assay by an Ames test.

Influence of the Phenological State of in the Antioxidant Potential and Chemical Composition of . Effects on the P-Glycoprotein Function.

(Kunth) R. M. King & H.

Genomic Ancestry, CYP2D6, CYP2C9, and CYP2C19 Among Latin Americans.

We present the distribution of CYP2D6, CYP2C9, and CYP2C19 variants and predicted phenotypes in 33 native and admixed populations from Ibero-America (n > 6,000) in the context of genetic ancestry (n = 3,387). Continental ancestries are the major determinants of frequencies of the increased-activity allele CYP2C19*17 and CYP2C19 gUMs (negatively associated with Native American ancestry), decreased-activity alleles CYP2D6*41 and CYP2C9*2 (positively associated with European ancestry), and decreased-activity alleles CYP2D6*17 and CYP2D6*29 (positively associated with African ancestry). For the rare alleles, CYP2C9*2 and CYPC19*17, European admixture accounts for their presence in Native American populations, but rare alleles CYP2D6*5 (null-activity), CYP2D6-multiplication alleles (increased activity), and CYP2C9*3 (decreased-activity) were present in the pre-Columbian Americas.

Xanthium strumarium´s xanthatins induces mitotic arrest and apoptosis in CT26WT colon carcinoma cells.

Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide and is associated with high mortality rates. We previously reported that Xanthium strumarium L. induces mitotic arrest in proliferating cells, a process mediated by xanthatins.

Chemoprotective effects of Ulva lactuca (green seaweed) aqueous-ethanolic extract against subchronic exposure to benzo(a)pyrene by CYP1A1 inhibition in mice.

The protective effect of the supplementation with an aqueous-ethanolic extract obtained from Ulva lactuca (Delile) green seaweed on benzo[a] pyrene-induced damage in mice was evaluated. Animals were treated with oral doses of U. lactuca extract (100 and 400 mg/kg) for 9 weeks.

Polyphenolic profile by FIA/ESI/IT/MS and antioxidant capacity of the ethanolic extract from the barks of (Borhidi & O. Muñiz) Borhidi & O. Muñiz.

Medium and high polarity extracts from species are known to contain polyphenolic compounds such as proanthocyanidins. The high polarity and structural complexity of these compounds make very difficult their isolation even by modern chromatographic techniques. (Borhidi & O.

Interethnic Variability in CYP2D6, CYP2C9, and CYP2C19 Genes and Predicted Drug Metabolism Phenotypes Among 6060 Ibero- and Native Americans: RIBEF-CEIBA Consortium Report on Population Pharmacogenomics.

Pharmacogenetic variation in Latin Americans is understudied, which sets a barrier for the goal of global precision medicine. The RIBEF-CEIBA Network Consortium was established to characterize interindividual and between population variations in CYP2D6, CYP2C9, and CYP2C19 drug metabolizing enzyme genotypes, which were subsequently utilized to catalog their "predicted drug metabolism phenotypes" across Native American and Ibero American populations. Importantly, we report in this study, a total of 6060 healthy individuals from Ibero-America who were classified according to their self-reported ancestry: 1395 Native Americans, 2571 Admixed Latin Americans, 96 Afro-Latin Americans, 287 white Latin Americans (from Cuba), 1537 Iberians, and 174 Argentinean Ashkenazi Jews.

Assessment of the cytotoxic potential of an aqueous-ethanolic extract from Thalassia testudinum angiosperm marine grown in the Caribbean Sea.

Objectives: Reported antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties for one aqueous-ethanolic extract from Thalassia testudinum which grows in the Caribbean Sea compelled us to explore about extract cytotoxic effects.

Methods: Cell viability was assayed on tumour (HepG2, PC12, Caco-2 and 4T1) and non-tumour (VERO, 3T3, CHO, MCDK and BHK2) cell lines. The extract effects upon primary cultures of rat and human hepatocytes and human lymphocytes were assayed.

In vitro modulation of the cytochrome P450 and ABCB1/P-glycoprotein activities of the aqueous extract of Allophylus cominia (L) Sw. leaves.

Background: The aqueous extract of the Allophylus cominia (L) Sw (Sapindaceae) leaves has shown anti-diabetic, anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory properties. In the Caribbean region, it is typically used for the treatment of type-2 diabetes.

Methods: Considering the herb-drug interaction, the aim of this study was to evaluate the potential effects of the A.

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Ulva fasciata (Green Seaweed) Extract and Evaluation of Its Cytoprotective and Antigenotoxic Effects.

The chemical composition and biological properties of Ulva fasciata aqueous-ethanolic extract were examined. Five components were identified in one fraction prepared from the extract by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and palmitic acid and its ethyl ester accounted for 76% of the total identified components. Furthermore, we assessed the extract's antioxidant properties by using the DPPH, ABTS, and lipid peroxidation assays and found that the extract had a moderate scavenging effect.

ABCG2/BCRP interaction with the sea grass Thalassia testudinum.

Background: The aqueous ethanolic extract from leaves of the marine plant Thalassia testudinum has shown antioxidant, cytoprotective, and neuroprotective properties. The chemical composition of this extract, rich in polyphenols, could interfere with active transport of drugs out of the cell and circumvent the phenomenon of multidrug resistance (MDR). The extract can act as an MDR modulator through its interaction with efflux transporters.

Anti-hypernociceptive effect of mangiferin in persistent and neuropathic pain models in rats.

The present study examines the possible effect of the glucosylxanthone mangiferin (MG) on pain-related behaviors in a tonic acute pain model (formalin test at 5%) and in a chronic constriction injury (CCI) model to clarify the underlying transient and long-term mechanisms. Acute administration of MG (10-100mg/kg, i.p.

Perception of the usefulness of drug/gene pairs and barriers for pharmacogenomics in Latin America.

Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics areas are currently emerging fields focused to manage pharmacotherapy that may prevent undertreatment while avoiding associated drug toxicity in patients. Large international differences in the awareness and in the use of pharmacogenomic testing are presumed, but not well assessed to date. In the present study we review the awareness of Latin American scientific community about pharmacogenomic testing and the perceived barriers for their clinical application.

Effects of a Mangifera indica L. stem bark extract and mangiferin on radiation-induced DNA damage in human lymphocytes and lymphoblastoid cells.

Objectives: Mangifera indica L. (mango) stem bark aqueous extract (MSBE) that has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, can be obtained in Cuba. It is rich in polyphenols, where mangiferin is the main component.

Multiparametric evaluation of the cytoprotective effect of the Mangifera indica L. stem bark extract and mangiferin in HepG2 cells.

Objective: Mango (Mangifera indica L.) stem bark extract (MSBE) is a natural product with biological properties and mangiferin is the major component. This paper reported the evaluation of the protective effects of MSBE and mangiferin against the toxicity induced in HepG2 cells by tert-butyl hydroperoxide or amiodarone.

Antimutagenic properties of Mangifera indica L. stem bark extract and evaluation of its effects on hepatic CYP1A1.

Mangifera indica stem bark extract (MSBE) is a Cuban natural product which has shown strong antioxidant properties. In this work, the antimutagenic effect of MSBE was tested against 10 well-known mutagens/carcinogens in the Ames test in the absence or presence of metabolic fraction (S9). The chemical mutagens tested included: cyclophosphamide, mitomycin C, bleomycin, cisplatin, dimethylnitrosamine (DMNA), benzo[a]pyrene (BP), 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF), sodium azide, 1-nitropyrene (1-NP) and picrolonic acid.

Mangifera indica L. extract and mangiferin modulate cytochrome P450 and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase enzymes in primary cultures of human hepatocytes.

The aqueous stem bark extract of Mangifera indica L. (MSBE) has been reported to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. In previous studies, we showed that MSBE and mangiferin, its main component, lower the activity of some cytochrome P-450 (P450) enzymes in rat hepatocytes and human liver microsomes.

Evaluation of genotoxicity and DNA protective effects of mangiferin, a glucosylxanthone isolated from Mangifera indica L. stem bark extract.

Mangiferin is a glucosylxantone isolated from Mangifera indica L. stem bark. Several studies have shown its pharmacological properties which make it a promising candidate for putative therapeutic use.

Pharmacogenetics in Latin American populations: regulatory aspects, application to herbal medicine, cardiovascular and psychiatric disorders.

Meeting report of the "Second Symposium on Pharmacology of Cytochrome P450 and Transporters" organized by the Cuban Society of Pharmacology in collaboration with the European Society of Pharmacogenetics and Theranostics (ESPT) and the Ibero-American Network of Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics (www.ribef.com).

Immunopharmacology 2011: an updated report of clinical achievements and perspectives.

On 26-30 June 2011 the Cuban Society of Pharmacology organized the Second International Congress on Immunopharmacology (Immunopharmacology 2011), held at the beautiful Convention Centre 'Plaza América' and the Meliá Varadero Hotel, in Varadero beach, Cuba. The main topics of the congress were immunopharmacology (including inflammation, cancer immunotherapy and immunomodulation), neuroimmunology, and the pharmacology of cytochrome P450 and transporters, among other relevant and updated related topics. Immunopharmacology 2011 offered an outstanding scientific program with the active contribution of 90 speakers from 23 foreign countries, as well as more than 170 Cuban researchers from the most important local institutions devoted to the development of immunology and pharmacology sciences.

In vitro modulation of ABCB1/P-glycoprotein expression by polyphenols from Mangifera indica.

Many plant compounds are able to modulate the activity and/or the expression of the major multidrug transporter ABCB1/P-glycoprotein (P-gp). In this study, mango (Mangifera indica L.) stem bark extract (MSBE), its main polyphenol mangiferin and the mangiferin aglycone derivative norathyriol, as well as catechin, gallic acid and quercetin, were investigated for their potential ability to influence ABCB1 gene and P-gp expression in HK-2 cells, a proximal tubule line constitutively expressing this transporter.

In vitro effects of Mangifera indica and polyphenols derived on ABCB1/P-glycoprotein activity.

Many plant-derived compounds, including polyphenols, are able to affect the function of MDR-1/P-glycoprotein (P-gp ABCB1) multidrug transporter, leading to potential herb-drug interactions. This study evaluated the effects of mango (Mangifera indica L.) stem bark extract, MSBE, and related phenols on P-gp activity in both the HK-2 proximal tubule cell line, constitutively expressing P-gp, and in a Caco-2 cell sub-line selected by resistance to vincristine (Caco-2/VCR) and overexpressing P-gp.

In vivo acute toxicological studies of an antioxidant extract from Mangifera indica L. (Vimang).

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) stem bark aqueous extract (MSBE) is a natural product with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and immunomodulatory effects. Its formulations (e.

Inhibition of human P450 enzymes by natural extracts used in traditional medicine.

Different medicinal plants are widely used in Cuba and Mexico to treat several disorders. This paper reports in vitro inhibitory effects on the P450 system of herbal products commonly used by people in Cuba and Mexico in traditional medicine for decades. Experiments were conducted in human liver microsomes.