Percutaneous Ultrasound Guided Celiac Plexus Approach: Results in a Pig Cadaveric Model.

Celiac plexus (CP) block (CPB) and neurolysis (CPN) are interventional techniques employed in human analgesia to control visceral pain originating from the upper abdomen. Visceral pain is common in animals and its treatment is challenging. A percutaneous ultrasound (US)-guided approach to the CP has been reported in people but not in veterinary species.

Evaluation of Recovery Time and Quality After Two Different Post-Operative Doses of Medetomidine in Spanish Purebred Horses Anaesthetized with Medetomidine-Isoflurane Partial Intravenous Anaesthesia.

Recovery from general anaesthesia is risky in horses. Alpha-agonist administration after anaesthesia enhances the quality of recovery but may prolong this phase. Recovery time and quality were investigated after medetomidine administration at the end of general anaesthesia in a prospective, randomised, masked and clinical study.

Percutaneous Fluoroscopic-Guided Celiac Plexus Approach: Results in a Pig Cadaveric Model.

Celiac plexus block (CPB) and neurolysis (CPN) are used for pain management in people suffering from abdominal tumours or chronic pancreatitis. The fluoroscopically guided approach common in human medicine has not been described in veterinary settings. The aim of this study was to describe a fluoroscopic approach to the celiac plexus (CP) in fresh pig cadavers.

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Knee Chondral Defect Repair after Autologous Particulated Cartilage and Platelet-Rich Plasma Treatment in Sheep.

This study performs an analysis that will enable the evaluation of the quality, durability, and structure of repaired cartilaginous extracellular matrix tissue using an autologous-based particulated autograft cartilage and platelet-rich plasma treatment (PACI + PRP). A single-blind controlled experiment was conducted on 28 sheep to evaluate the efficacy of the PACI + PRP treatment for cartilage defects. Full-thickness 8 mm diameter defects were created in the weight-bearing area of both knees.

Sedation Quality and Cardiorespiratory, Echocardiographic, Radiographic and Electrocardiographic Effects of Intramuscular Alfaxalone and Butorphanol in Spanish Greyhound Dogs.

The quality of sedation and changes in cardiorespiratory variables after the intramuscular administration of alfaxalone and butorphanol in Spanish greyhound dogs were evaluated. Twenty-one adult dogs were included. The dogs received alfaxalone (2 mg/kg) and butorphanol (0.

Evaluation of the averaged parasympathetic tone activity and its dynamic variation to assess intraoperative nociception in relation to hemodynamic changes in dogs.

This study aimed to determine the performance of the averaged parasympathetic tone activity (PTAm) and its dynamic variation (ΔPTA) to assess intraoperative nociception in relation to heart rate (HR) and direct mean arterial pressure (MAP) in dogs undergoing laparoscopic ovariectomy. This prospective, observational, clinical study included 32 bitches. The PTAm, HR, MAP, and bispectral index (BIS) were assessed before (pre-stimulus), as well as 1 min and 2 min after, four surgical stimuli: insufflation, introduction of trocars, and removal of the left and right ovaries.

Particulate cartilage and platelet-rich plasma treatment for knee chondral defects in sheep.

Purpose: Articular cartilage is vulnerable to multiple types of damage and it has limited reparative and regenerative capacities due to its absence of vascularity. Although a large number of therapeutic strategies exist to treat chondral defects, they have some limitations, such as fibrocartilage formation. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to evaluate the chondrogenic regenerative properties of an autologous-made matrix of particulated cartilage and platelet-rich plasma (PACI + PRP) implantation for the treatment of full-thickness chondral defects in sheep.

Histological and biochemical evaluation of plasma rich in growth factors treatment for grade II muscle injuries in sheep.

The purpose of this study was to perform a histological and biochemical evaluation of the influence of plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) on muscle regeneration process after a surgically induced grade II muscle laceration. A randomized, single blind, controlled experimental research was conducted including twenty-one adult healthy sheep, randomly divided in three groups (n = 7). A grade II surgical section was performed in the biceps femoris muscle of both hindlimbs.

Comparison of the efficacy of two alveolar recruitment manoeuvres in improving the lung mechanics and the degree of atelectasis in anaesthetized healthy sheep.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the application of two types of alveolar recruitment manoeuvres (ARMs) followed by a positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) improved lung mechanics and the degree of atelectasis caused by general anaesthesia. Twenty-one female Merino sheep were divided into three groups: sustained inflation ARM (ARMsust), stepwise ARM (AMRstep), and control (without ARM). Sheep received detomidine-morphine for premedication, propofol for induction, and isoflurane during general anaesthesia in a volume-controlled mode with 100% oxygen during the first 15 min of anaesthesia and 40% the rest of the study.

Parasympathetic Tone Changes in Anesthetized Horses after Surgical Stimulation, and Morphine, Ketamine, and Dobutamine Administration.

Autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity can modify cardiovascular parameters in response to nociceptive stimuli or drugs in anesthetized animals. The aim of this study was to determine if a surgical nociceptive stimulus and morphine, ketamine, and dobutamine administration would modify ANS activity observed as a change in the mean parasympathetic tone activity (PTAm) in anesthetized horses. In 20 anesthetized horses, heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and PTAm were monitored before and 1, 3, and 5 min after surgical incision, and before and 10 min after the administration of morphine (0.

Preperitoneal ropivacaine infusion versus epidural ropivacaine-morphine for postoperative analgesia in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy: a randomized clinical trial.

Objective: To assess the effect of continuous wound infusion (CWI) with preperitoneal ropivacaine on postoperative analgesia and compare it with the epidural administration of ropivacaine and morphine in bitches undergoing ovariohysterectomy.

Study Design: A parallel, randomized, clinical, prospective and nonblinded study.

Animals: A group of 38 Greyhound bitches.

Mechanical Influence of Surrounding Soft Tissue on Bone Regeneration Processes: A Bone Lengthening Study.

Bone lengthening is a bone regeneration technique with multiple clinical applications. One of the most common complications of this treatment is the lack of adaptation of the surrounding soft tissue to their extension. A better understanding of the mechanobiology of the tissues involved in distraction osteogenesis would allow better control of the clinical cases.

Determination of acute tolerance and hyperalgesia to remifentanil constant rate infusion in dogs undergoing sevoflurane anaesthesia.

Objective: To determine if acute opioid tolerance (AOT) or opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH) could develop and limit the remifentanil-induced reduction in the sevoflurane minimum alveolar concentration (MAC). The response to mechanical nociceptive threshold (MNT) was evaluated and related to OIH.

Study Design: A crossover, randomized, experimental animal study.

Comparison of bispectral index and spectral entropy during isoflurane and medetomidine general anaesthesia in horses.

Background: The bispectral index (BIS) has been evaluated as an indicator of central nervous system (CNS) depression in horses during general anaesthesia. The spectral entropy is another electroencephalographic device and it has not been evaluated yet in horses.

Objectives: To determine if spectral entropy can assess anaesthetic depth during the different phases of anaesthesia, define the value of state and response entropy during surgical plane of anaesthesia and compare them with BIS.

Comparative pharmacokinetics and a clinical laboratory evaluation of intravenous acetaminophen in Beagle and Galgo Español dogs.

Objective: To assess the pharmacokinetics (PK) and conduct a clinical laboratory evaluation of acetaminophen in Beagle and Galgo Español (GE) dogs.

Study Design: Prospective randomized experimental trial.

Animals: A total of 20 healthy dogs - 10 Beagles and 10 GE (six males and four females in both groups).

Evaluation and comparison of postoperative analgesic effects of dexketoprofen and methadone in dogs.

Objective: To evaluate and compare the analgesic efficacy and adverse effects of dexketoprofen and methadone using a noninferiority trial, during the first 24 postoperative hours in dogs undergoing orthopaedic surgery.

Study Design: Randomized, blinded clinical study.

Animals: A total of 38 healthy dogs undergoing orthopaedic surgery.

Cartilage regeneration using a novel autologous growth factors-based matrix for full-thickness defects in sheep.

Purpose: To investigate the chondrogenic-regenerative properties of a novel autologous-made matrix composed of hyaline cartilage chips combined with a growth factors-based clot for full-thickness defects in sheep.

Methods: A full-thickness, 8-mm diameter cartilage defect was created in the weight-bearing area of the medial femoral condyle in 6 sheep. Treatment consisted of surgical implantation of an autologous-based matrix of hyaline cartilage chips combined with a clot of plasma poor in platelets and intraarticular injection of plasma rich in growth factors.

Comparison of the isoflurane concentration of using dexketoprofen or methadone at premedication during orthopedic surgery in dogs.

Thirty-two dogs were used in this prospective, randomized, clinical and double-blinded study. Dexmedetomidine was administered at 1 μg/kg IV, and randomly each dog received dexketoprofen 1 mg/kg IV (group DK) or methadone 0.2 mg/kg IV (group M).

Comparison of the cardiopulmonary parameters after induction of anaesthesia with alphaxalone or etomidate in dogs.

Objective: To compare the cardiorespiratory effects and quality of induction of and recovery from anaesthesia following etomidate or alphaxalone-HPCD IV.

Study Design: Randomized 'blinded' cross-over study. Twenty-four hours was allowed between phases.