Vertical locomotion improves horizontal locomotion: effects of climbing on gait and other mobility aspects in Parkinson's disease. A secondary analysis from a randomized controlled trial.

Background: In the Climb Up! Head Up! trial, we showed that sport climbing reduces bradykinesia, tremor, and rigidity in mildly to moderately affected participants with Parkinson's disease. This secondary analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of sport climbing on gait and functional mobility in this cohort.

Methods: Climb Up! Head Up! was a 1:1 randomized controlled trial.

Climb up! Head up! Climbing improves posture in Parkinson's disease. A secondary analysis from a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To investigate the effect of sport climbing on a biomechanical marker of axial posture in patients with Parkinson's disease, as well as its association with age, body mass index and health-related quality-of-life outcome measures.

Design: Pre-planned secondary analysis of our randomized controlled, semi-blind trial (unblinded patients, blinded assessors) comparing sport climbing to unsupervised exercise.

Setting: Single-centre study conducted at the Department of Neurology of the Medical University of Vienna, Austria.

Effects of high-intensity interval training on trajectories of gas-exchange measures and blood lactate concentrations during cardiopulmonary exercise tests in cardiac rehabilitation-A randomized controlled trial.

Background: The optimal allocation of training time to different intensities in cardiac rehabilitation is still under debate. The objective of this study was to explore whether in a 12-week cardiac rehabilitation program, replacement of two of four usual continuous endurance training (CET) sessions per week with energy expenditure-matched high-intensity interval training (HIIT) affects the trajectories of cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) variables such as ventilatory equivalents for O (EqO ) and CO (EqCO ), and blood lactate (BLa) during CPET.

Methods: Eighty-two male patients undergoing outpatient cardiac rehabilitation after an acute coronary syndrome were randomized to CET (age [mean ± SD] 61.

The therapeutic effects of climbing: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Several recent studies show a growing popularity of therapeutic climbing (TC) for patients with various conditions. This could be an attempt to fill the gap left by traditional exercises that do not always address physical, mental, and social well-being. This review provides an overview of the physical, mental, and social effects and safety aspects of climbing for different indications.

Self-reported Resistance Training Is Associated With Better HR-pQCT-derived Bone Microarchitecture in Vegan People.

Context: A plant-based lifestyle is a global trend; lower bone mineral density and increased fracture risk in vegan people are reported.

Objective: The primary objective was to assess trabecular and cortical bone microarchitecture in vegans and omnivores. Secondary objectives were to evaluate relationships between bone microarchitecture, nutrition parameters, and physical activity.

Therapeutic climbing in Parkinson's disease: Differences in self-reported health and well-being, feasibility and clinical changes.

Background: Therapeutic climbing (TC) is a whole-body workout that stimulates and improves physical and psychosocial abilities. It has been used in neurological rehabilitation, but there is scarce evidence of specific benefits for people with Parkinson's (PwP).

Objective: To investigate and evaluate self-reported differences in health and well-being among trial participants, the overall feasibility of TC and clinical changes caused as a rehabilitation measure for PwP.

A randomised controlled trial on effectiveness and feasibility of sport climbing in Parkinson's disease.

Physical activity is of prime importance in non-pharmacological Parkinson's disease (PD) treatment. The current study examines the effectiveness and feasibility of sport climbing in PD patients in a single-centre, randomised controlled, semi-blind trial. A total of 48 PD patients without experience in climbing (average age 64 ± 8 years, Hoehn & Yahr stage 2-3) were assigned either to participate in a 12-week sport climbing course (SC) or to attend an unsupervised physical training group (UT).

How COVID-19 will boost remote exercise-based treatment in Parkinson's disease: a narrative review.

The lack of physical exercise during the COVID-19 pandemic-related quarantine measures is challenging, especially for patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Without regular exercise not only patients, but also nursing staff and physicians soon noticed a deterioration of motor and non-motor symptoms. Reduced functional mobility, increased falls, increased frailty, and decreased quality of life were identified as consequences of increased sedentary behavior.

Efficacy of extended, comprehensive outpatient cardiac rehabilitation on cardiovascular risk factors: A nationwide registry.

Aim: Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a key component of the treatment of cardiac diseases. The Austrian outpatient CR model is unique, as it provides patients with an extended professionally supervised, multidisciplinary program of 4-6 weeks of phase II (OUT-II) and 6-12 months of phase III (OUT-III) CR. The aim of this analysis was to assess the efficacy of the Austrian outpatient CR model using a nationwide registry.

Effects of high-intensity interval training on platelet function in cardiac rehabilitation: a randomised controlled trial.

Objective: To compare effects of moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on platelet function in patients undergoing cardiac rehabilitation, as hyper-reactive platelets are involved in atherogenesis and atherothrombosis.

Methods: In this single-centre parallel group randomised controlled trial, male patients after an acute coronary syndrome under dual antiplatelet therapy performed MICT or HIIT+MICT for 12 weeks. Main outcome was platelet reactivity measured by the half-maximal concentration (EC) of platelet agonist thrombin receptor-activating peptide-6 (TRAP-6) in terms of P-selectin expression.

Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation is associated with a normalization of the heart rate performance curve deflection.

The heart rate (HR) rises with increased power output, whereby in most healthy individuals, the slope of HR levels off with higher intensity. This corresponds to a downward deflection of the heart rate performance curve (HRPC). Conversely, in patients after myocardial infarction, an upward HRPC deflection is frequently observed that is especially pronounced in patients with compromised left ventricular ejection fraction.

Correlation between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Platelet Function in Healthy Women.

Purpose: Low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) represents a major risk factor for atherosclerosis, and platelets play a key role in the development of this chronic inflammatory disease. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between CRF and platelet function.

Methods: CRF and different aspects of platelet function were assessed in healthy, young, nonsmoking women.

Physiological Demands of Simulated Off-Road Cycling Competition.

The purpose of the study was to measure the demands of off-road cycling via portable spirometry, leg-power output (PO), heart rate (HR) and blood lactate (BLa) concentration. Twenty-four male competitive cyclists (age: 29±7.2 yrs, height: 1.

Effects of hiking at moderate and low altitude on cardiovascular parameters in male patients with metabolic syndrome: Austrian Moderate Altitude Study.

Objective: Physical activity is a cornerstone in therapy for patients with metabolic syndrome. Walking and hiking in a mountain scenery represents an ideal approach to make them move. The Austrian Moderate Altitude Study (AMAS) 2000 main study is a randomized controlled trial to investigate the cardiovascular effects of hiking at moderate altitude on patients with metabolic syndrome compared with a control group at low altitude, to assess a potential altitude-specific effect.

Long-term effects of outpatient cardiac rehabilitation in Austria: a nationwide registry.

Aim: Our Working Group on Out-Patient Cardiac Rehabilitation (AGAKAR) has previously published guidelines, which were endorsed by the Austrian Society of Cardiology. It was the aim of this study to assess the short-term (phase II) and long-term (phase III) effects of these guidelines by use of a nationwide registry.

Methods: All Austrian out-patient rehabilitation facilities entered data into a database of all consecutive patients who completed phase II (4-6 weeks) and/or III (6-12 months) rehabilitation between 1.

Myocardial dimensions and hemodynamics during 24-h ultraendurance ergometry.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate cardiorespiratory and hemodynamic responses during 24 h of continuous cycle ergometry in ultraendurance athletes.

Methods: Eight males (mean ± SD; age = 39 ± 8 yr, height = 179 ± 7 cm, body weight [Wt] = 77.1 ± 6.

[Resistance training for patients with cardiovascular diseases].

Physical training is part of the recommendations for prevention and rehabilitation of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. The main focus was on endurance training for a long time. However, a positive effect of strength training has also been found for patients with with a wide spectrum of diseases.

Outpatient cardiac rehabilitation: the Austrian model.

Over the past decades undisputable evidence has accumulated identifying the panoply of beneficial effects of exercise training, smoking cessation, blood pressure lowering, glycaemic and lipid control, as well as psycho-social interventions on cardiovascular risk factors, the well-being, morbidity and mortality of patients with cardiac diseases with or without acute events. Nevertheless, despite all the evidence, insurance companies are more than hesitant to provide patients with an adequate infrastructure to allow outpatient cardiac rehabilitation in their community. Whereas some countries still favour in-hospital rehabilitation, others are on the verge of introducing cardiac rehabilitation for the first time.

Blood lactate concentration at the maximal lactate steady state is not dependent on endurance capacity in healthy recreationally trained individuals.

The aim of the study was to investigate the independent relationship between maximal lactate steady state (MLSS), blood lactate concentration [La] and exercise performance as reported frequently. Sixty-two subjects with a wide range of endurance performance (MLSS power output 199 ± 55 W; range: 100-302 W) were tested on an electronically braked cycle ergometer. One-min incremental exercise tests were conducted to determine maximal variables as well as the respiratory compensation point (RCP) and the second lactate turn point (LTP2).

A single nucleotide polymorphism associates with the response of muscle ATP synthesis to long-term exercise training in relatives of type 2 diabetic humans.

Objective: Myocellular ATP synthesis (fATP) associates with insulin sensitivity in first-degree relatives of subjects with type 2 diabetes. Short-term endurance training can modify their fATP and insulin sensitivity. This study examines the effects of moderate long-term exercise using endurance or resistance training in this cohort.

Value of the application of the heart rate performance curve in sports.

The heart rate performance curve (HRPC) has been shown to be nonlinearly related to work load. This phenomenon has been used to determine a deflection point and to be related to the lactate anaerobic threshold. The original method was heavily criticized, and the method was challenged by several authors.

Early 4-week cardiac rehabilitation exercise training in elderly patients after heart surgery.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the effects on exercise performance of supplementing a standard cardiac rehabilitation program with additional exercise programming compared to the standard cardiac rehabilitation program alone in elderly patients after heart surgery.

Methods: In this prospective, randomized controlled trial, 60 patients (32 men and 28 women, mean age 73.1 +/- 4.

Menstrual cycle: no effect on exercise cardiorespiratory variables or blood lactate concentration.

Purpose: Numerous investigations have reported changes in metabolic and cardiorespiratory responses associated with the menstrual cycle. We examined whether variables commonly used in exercise testing are influenced by menstrual cycle phases.

Methods: Nineteen eumenorrheic women performed two incremental tests to voluntary exhaustion on a cycle ergometer during two different phases of the menstrual cycle: the follicular phase (FP) and the luteal phase (LP).

Beta1-adrenoceptor mediated origin of the heart rate performance curve deflection.

Purpose: The deflection of the HR performance curve (HRPC) has been described as an objective marker of submaximal exercise performance. HR response to incremental cycle ergometer exercise is shown to be neither linear nor uniform and a physiological explanation of the deflection phenomenon is lacking. We hypothesized that differences in the beta1-adrenoceptor site are the source of these differences.