[Fractures of the orbital floor. Apropos of a homogeneous series of 70 patients].

The authors report their experience based on a homogeneous series of 70 fractures of the orbital floor. Different anatomo-clinical forms were defined in particular fractures of the orbital floor, accompanying an "internal pivoting" of the cheek bone, which by their incarceration mechanism resemble the trap-door fractures. The blow-out fracture associated with the lower orbital margin also raises therapeutic problems.

[Somatosensory evoked potentials in the evaluation and follow-up of patients with cervical vertebral and spinal cord injuries].

Somatosensory evoked potentials have been serially recorded in 21 patients with cervical spinal cord injury. Each patient received the SEP test and a full neurological examination within 1 day after admission, after surgery, and 3-6 weeks following admission. Further SEP test and clinical evaluation were carried out 3-6 months after injury.

The surgical treatment of intracranial abscesses today.

The indications and the results of different surgical procedures for the management of intracranial abscesses are dealt in a cooperative study. Two series, amounting 68 patients altogether, collected in epidemiologically homogeneous areas with high percentage of rural population without adequate medical control, are appraised. Due to the high rate of chronic lesions, particularly in the pre-CT scan era (1968-1975), radical excision was required in 70.

[Inheritance of susceptibility to tumors and metastases in rodents].

The behavior of two spontaneous transplantable rat tumors and a mouse lymphoma was studied in different hosts. A resistant (eR) subline to Sarcoma E 100 (S-E 100) and a susceptible one (eS) were obtained by divergent selection carried out in an inbred line of rats IIM (e). The phenotypic frequencies of the resistant and susceptible individuals to S-E 100 in the base population e and eR, eS, F1 and F2 fitted with the theoretical frequencies of a model of two independent pairs of genes, one (T) with complete dominance (locus SE1) and the other (R) with partial dominance (locus SE2).

Pathophysiology of gastroesophageal reflux and distal esophageal motility in children with gastroesophageal reflux disease.

We investigated the mechanisms of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and esophageal motility during endogenous esophageal acid exposure in 17 patients with reflux disease alone (age range 3-20 months) (group A) and in 10 patients with reflux disease complicated by esophagitis (age range 4-19 months) (group B), by simultaneous recording distal esophageal sphincter relaxation was the predominant mechanism of reflux in both groups of subjects; however, it was more frequent in group B patients (Bpts), whereas reflux episodes due to appropriate sphincter relaxation were detected more frequently in group A patients (Apts). During endogenous acid exposure, primary peristalsis was the most frequent esophageal motor event in all patients; furthermore, its amplitude was significantly higher in Apts as compared with Bpts. Primary peristalsis was more efficacious (rise of intraluminal pH by at least 0.

Photodynamic therapy of malignant brain tumors: clinical results of, difficulties with, questions about, and future prospects for the neurosurgical applications.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been applied in a variety of oncological fields with good results. In neurosurgery, the clinical series are limited and the number of treated patients is not statistically significant. This work examines the results of PDT performed in our clinic and discusses some difficulties and causes of failure of this method in neurosurgical patients.

Interstitial irradiation therapy of supratentorial gliomas by stereotaxic technique. Long term results.

We report the long term results of interstitial irradiation therapy in patients suffering from malignant supratentorial gliomas. The radioisotopes implanted by stereotaxic technique were Au198 grains in solid tumors and Y90 colloidal solution in a cystic tumor. The therapy was always well tolerated.

[Multifocal fractures of the mandibular symphysis. Apropos of 3 cases].

Three patients presented with multiple site fractures of mandibular symphysis, associated in two cases with a bilateral subcondylar fracture. Treatment was by multiple solid osteosynthesis of mandibular body combining miniaturized screw plates and steel wire osteosynthesis. Emphasis is placed on the interest of a stable solid osteosynthesis of mandibular symphysis by screw plate, combined with osteosynthesis using a steel wire passing through the hole of a plate and into the small basilar bone fragment, allowing in this way the restitution of a perfect morphology of symphysis.

[Treatment of chronic hip dislocation in adults by recentered total prosthesis. Apropos of 43 cases].

Forty-three total hip prostheses were inserted in 33 adults suffering from a chronic high dislocation of the hip. Ten patients had a bilateral arthroplasty. The authors decided to keep in this series only hips presenting with a very considerable upward displacement of the femoral head of type IV in Crowe, Maini and Ranawat's classification.

[Cardiotoxicity of 5-fluorouracil. Personal cases and review of the literature].

Two cases of 5-Fluorouracil (5FU) cardiotoxicity, chest pain with changes in ECG the former, and myocardial infarction the latter, are described. Review of literature shows the existence of 49 cases of cardiotoxicity due to 5FU (38 angina = 77.5% 8 myocardial infarction = 16.

Penetrating craniocerebral injuries. Report of two unusual cases.

Two unusual cases of craniocerebral injury caused by a fishing harpoon trident are reported. Both patients, in spite of the apparent seriousness of the lesions, recovered satisfactorily.

Induction of H-2-specific antibodies by injections of syngeneic Sendai virus-coated cells.

The capacity of the B cell immunoglobulin receptor to recognize complexes of Sendai viral and H-2b antigens was investigated by studying the antibody response to injections of syngeneic Sendai virus-coated (SV+) spleen cells in C57BL/6 (B6) mice. Almost all mice produced alloreactive anti-H2 lymphocytotoxic antibodies. In contrast, such antibodies were found very exceptionally in mice injected with normal (SV-) cells or with Sendai virus (SV) only.

Iatrogenic lumbar pseudomeningocele.

The authors describe two cases of pseudomeningocele after surgery for herniated lumbar disc. In order to prevent this rare complication, they suggest to suture the dura and to put on it oxycel or gelfoam every time there is a fluid leakage. The patient has to be placed in Trendelenburg's position for about seven days.

[Arteriovenous fistulas. Apropos of 2 observations].

Two cases of mandibular angiodysplasia associated with hemorrhagic phenomena were treated surgically, by conservation resection in one patient and conservative surgery following embolization in the other. External carotid artery ligature is a useless and even risky procedure, whereas surgery should be preceded by tumoral embolization whenever possible. Prognosis, according to the classification proposed by Merland, depends upon whether active vascular malformations, mainly represented by arteriovenous fistulae, are present, or whether the lesions are inactive vascular malformations or with slowed circulation.

[Intracranial penetration of the mandibular condyle: report on three cases (author's transl)].

Three cases of intracranial penetrations of the mandibular condyle condyle are reported, the published literature reviewed, and therapy discussed. Often unrecognized during initial examinations, they are diagnosed when the patient is seen several months later with permanent constriction of the jaws. Frontal and sagittal tomographic examinations should therefore be performed in the articular region in all cases when it is involved in injuries.

[Intracranial penetration of the mandibular condyle. Report on two cases (author's transl)].

Two cases of intracranial penetration of the mandibular condyle are described, reports on similar cases in the published literature reviewed, and current therapeutic methods outlined. These penetrating injuries are often unrecognized during initial investigations, the patients presenting with temporomandibular ankylosis several months later.

[Kinetics of tetanus antitoxin after administration of specific immunoglobulins].

The antitoxin titer, at different time intervals from the administration of 250 I.U. of specific immunoglobulins, was determined by means of passive hemagglutination in the serum of 28 non-immune subjects, selected among the wounded hospitalized at a First Aid Station.

Physiological function after middle cerebral artery occlusion in rabbits with neovascularization of the brain by transposed omentum.

The effect of brain neovascularization by omental transposition on somatosensory evoked potentials and on regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) measured by hydrogen clearance was evaluated in rabbits exposed to experimental ischemia after occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA). After MCA occlusion, the animals with brains neovascularized by transposed omentum showed a mild drop of rCBF accompanied by normal patterns of somatosensory evoked potentials elicited by sciatic stimulation. In the control animals, the evoked cortical electrical activity drastically decreased in amplitude immediately after arterial occlusion and fell to zero one-half hour later.