Passive Coping Associations With Self-Esteem and Health-Related Quality of Life in Youth With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may experience chronic stress related to disease symptoms and treatment, with negative consequences to their health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Lower HRQOL among pediatric patients with IBD has been associated with worse disease-related symptoms and psychological functioning, while higher HRQOL has been associated with more adaptive coping with disease symptoms and treatment. In addition, patients' self-esteem may impact the selection and use of coping strategies through global cognitions about their abilities and perceived competence.

Psychological Distress and Quality of Life in Pediatric Crohn Disease: Impact of Pain and Disease State.

Objectives: For patients with Crohn disease (CD), symptom reporting may not coincide with disease state; patients in remission may continue to report symptoms and pain, whereas other patients may be symptom-free despite a flare. This phenomenon has been documented in adults but only recently assessed in pediatric patients. The present study assessed the role of pain reporting and disease state in pediatric patients with CD in understanding psychological distress and quality of life.

Psychological Factors May Play an Important Role in Pediatric Crohn's Disease Symptoms and Disability.

Objective: To examine the relative contributions of disease activity and psychological factors to self-reported symptoms and disability in children with Crohn's disease.

Study Design: Participants (n = 127 children age 8-18 years) completed questionnaires on symptom severity and disability, as well as psychological measures assessing anxiety, depression, pain beliefs and coping. Disease activity was measured by the Pediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index.

Implementing psychological therapies for functional GI disorders in children and adults.

Introduction: Functional GI disorders (FGIDs) are common in adults and children. Psychological factors play an important role in the onset and maintenance of FGIDs and in explaining the associated disability. Psychological treatments such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Hypnotherapy have been found efficacious in FGIDs but Integrating psychological treatments into traditionally medically-oriented care can be challenging.

Children and adolescents with complex regional pain syndrome: more psychologically distressed than other children in pain?

Background: Historically, in both adult and pediatric populations, a lack of knowledge regarding complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) and absence of clear diagnostic criteria have contributed to the view that this is a primarily psychiatric condition.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that children with CRPS are more functionally disabled, have more pain and are more psychologically distressed than children with other pain conditions.

Methods: A total of 101 children evaluated in a tertiary care pediatric pain clinic who met the International Association for the Study of Pain consensus diagnostic criteria for CRPS participated in the present retrospective study.

Factor structure of the children's depression inventory in a multisite sample of children and adolescents with chronic pain.

Unlabelled: This study examined the factor structure of the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) among children and adolescents with chronic pain using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis in a large, multisite sample of treatment-seeking youth. Participants included 1,043 children and adolescents (ages 8-18) with a range of chronic pain complaints who presented for initial evaluation at 1 of 3 tertiary care pediatric chronic pain clinics across the United States. They completed the CDI and reported on pain intensity and functional disability.

Relations between pain characteristics, child and parent variables, and school functioning in adolescents with chronic headache: a comparison of tension-type headache and migraine.

Objective: To assess for differences in headache characteristics and psychosocial factors based on headache diagnosis, and to evaluate whether headache diagnosis moderates relations between psychosocial factors and school difficulties.

Methods: Retrospective chart review was conducted with 262 adolescents with chronic tension-type headache (TTH; N = 153) and migraine evaluated at a pediatric headache clinic. Adolescents completed measures of anxiety, depression, and pain coping.

School functioning and chronic tension headaches in adolescents: improvement only after multidisciplinary evaluation.

Pediatric patients with chronic tension-type headaches often experience significant school impairment. Although some improve after treatment with a neurologist, many require more comprehensive treatment. The authors examined whether school functioning and attendance improved after a multidisciplinary evaluation focusing on a return to functioning despite headaches.

The pediatrician's guide to managing the difficult pediatric headache patient.

Pediatric headache is a common pain complaint in children and adolescents, and pediatricians are the first source of headache assessment and treatment. This article provides guidelines for pediatricians in managing difficult headache patients typically seen in our practice. The 3 categories we typically evaluates and treats include (a) "It's medical, not psychological"; (b) "You're the only doctor who can help me"; and (c) "My child is perfect.

Adolescents' pain coping profiles: expectations for treatment, functional outcomes and adherence to psychological treatment recommendations.

Objectives: To explore how adolescents' pain coping profiles relate to their expectations regarding psychological treatment recommendations, and to examine patients' functioning and engagement in psychological treatment three months following a multidisciplinary pain clinic evaluation.

Methods: Adolescents and their parents completed measures of pain coping strategies, treatment expectations, pain ratings, somatic symptoms, school absences and functional disability. Parents also reported whether patients followed through with psychological treatment recommendations.

Anxiety, coping, and disability: a test of mediation in a pediatric chronic pain sample.

Objective: To evaluate pain coping as a mediator of associations between anxiety and functional disability and anxiety and somatic symptoms in adolescents with chronic pain.

Method: Participants (mean age = 14.76 years, range: 12-17 years) included 280 patients (212 girls) with chronic pain who underwent multidisciplinary evaluation at a tertiary pain clinic in a northeast pediatric hospital.

Clinical utility and validity of the Functional Disability Inventory among a multicenter sample of youth with chronic pain.

The Functional Disability Inventory (FDI) is a well-established and commonly used measure of physical functioning and disability in youth with chronic pain. Further validation of the measure has been called for, in particular, examination of the clinical utility and factor structure of the measure. To address this need, we utilized a large multicenter dataset of pediatric patients with chronic pain who had completed the FDI and other measures assessing pain and emotional functioning.

Factor structure of the Adult Responses to Children's Symptoms: validation in children and adolescents with diverse chronic pain conditions.

Objective: To examine how the Adult Responses to Children's Symptoms (ARCS) does in a sample of children and adolescents with a variety of complex chronic pain conditions and to further validate the ARCS by examining associations among the subscale scores and patients' functional disability and depressive symptoms.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted for patients from multidisciplinary pain clinics in 2 large urban children's hospitals. Patients completed self-report measures of their pain, functional disability, and symptoms of depression.

Testing gender as a moderator of associations between psychosocial variables and functional disability in children and adolescents with chronic pain.

Objective: To evaluate gender as a moderator of associations between psychosocial variables and functional disability in children and adolescents with chronic pain.

Method: Participants included 266 patients (177 girls; mean age = 13.3 years) with chronic or recurrent headache or abdominal pain who were evaluated at a pediatric chronic pain clinic.

Pain coping profiles in adolescents with chronic pain.

This study sought to evaluate the extent to which the pain coping profiles observed by Walker and colleagues in a sample of patients with chronic abdominal pain also were evident in a sample of adolescent patients who presented to a tertiary care clinic for evaluation of a variety of diverse pain conditions. In addition, we aimed to evaluate the relation of these pain coping profiles to patients' emotional and physical functioning. Participants (n=254) were adolescent patients aged 12-17 years.

Chronic pain in adolescence: parental responses, adolescent coping, and their impact on adolescent's pain behaviors.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine relations among parental responses, adolescent pain coping, and pain behaviors in adolescents with chronic pain.

Methods: This study included 217 adolescents (12-17 years) evaluated at a multidisciplinary pain clinic and their parents. Adolescents completed measures assessing their pain, pain coping responses, functional disability, and somatic symptoms.

Parental response to children's pain: the moderating impact of children's emotional distress on symptoms and disability.

Parental responses play a central role in the development and maintenance of children's pain behavior. Previous studies examining the impact of parental responses on children's pain have focused mainly on protective or solicitous responses. This study examined the impact of parental responses, including protectiveness, minimization of pain, and encouraging and monitoring responses, on children's functional disability and somatic symptoms.

Social desirability response bias and self-report of psychological distress in pediatric chronic pain patients.

The objective of this study was to investigate associations between social desirability response bias and self-report of pain, disability, and psychological distress (depression, anxiety, and somatic symptoms) in a sample of children presenting to a multidisciplinary pediatric chronic pain clinic. A retrospective review was conducted on 414 consecutive clinic patients, ages 12-17 years, with chronic pain complaints of at least 3 months' duration. As part of a clinical battery, children completed self-report psychological questionnaires including the Children's Depression Inventory, Children's Somatization Inventory, and Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale including the Lie Scale, an indicator of social desirability influence.

Appraisal and coping with daily stressors by pediatric patients with chronic abdominal pain.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that pain patients differ from well children in their appraisal and coping with daily stressors and to test a model of the relation of stress appraisal and coping to symptoms and disability.

Methods: Pediatric patients with chronic abdominal pain (n = 143) and well children (n = 104) completed a 5-day diary study regarding their appraisal and coping with daily stressors. Somatic symptoms, depressive symptoms, and functional disability were assessed 2 months later.

Functional assessment of pediatric pain patients: psychometric properties of the functional disability inventory.

The Functional Disability Inventory (FDI; Walker LS, Greene JW. The functional disability inventory: measuring a neglected dimension of child health status. J Pediatr Psychol 1991;16:39-58) assesses activity limitations in children and adolescents with a variety of pediatric conditions.

Emotional distress and quality of life in caregivers of patients awaiting lung transplant.

Objective: The aims of this study are to characterize the levels of emotional distress and quality of life among caregivers of lung transplant candidates and to examine the relation of coping styles and perceived caregiver burden to caregivers' self-reported emotional distress.

Methods: A consecutive series of primary caregivers of potential lung transplant candidates completed a battery of psychosocial measures, including the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire (MCMQ), Scale for Caregiver Burden (SCB), and Medical Outcomes Survey, Short Form-36 (SF-36).

Results: Only 12 of the 82 caregivers (14.

Testing a model of pain appraisal and coping in children with chronic abdominal pain.

This prospective study of children with recurrent abdominal pain (N=133; ages 8--15 years) used path analysis to examine relations among dispositional pain beliefs and coping styles, cognitions and behavior related to a specific pain episode, and short- and long-term outcomes. Children believing they could not reduce or accept pain appraised their episode-specific coping ability as low and reported passive coping behavior. Dispositional passive coping had direct effects on both episode-specific passive coping and long-term symptoms and disability.

Social consequences of children's pain: when do they encourage symptom maintenance?

Objective: To examine the influence of social factors (e.g., attention, relief from responsibility) and children's perceived competence on pediatric symptom maintenance.

The influence of appraisals in understanding children's experiences with medical procedures.

Objective: To examine the influence of cognitive appraisals on anticipatory anxiety, procedural distress, and postprocedural evaluations in 100 children (ages 8-17) undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD).

Method: Children's knowledge about the procedure, appraisals of the procedure's aversiveness, coping ability, and state anxiety prior to the procedure were assessed by self-report. Distress during the EGD was assessed by observer ratings.