Congenital absence of the left external iliac vein with anomalous venous connection in a pediatric patient.

We report an interesting case of a 2-year-old boy with congenital absence of the left external iliac vein and an anomalous lower extremity venous connection. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to identify aplasia of the vessel and aid in the diagnostic algorithm. In the present report, we have discussed the relevant literature associated with congenital venous anomalies and their clinical presentations and treatment options.

Risk factors of surgical mortality in patients with Clostridium difficile colitis. A novel scoring system.

Background: The purpose of the study is to identify the risk factors of mortality and develop a risk scoring system in patients who underwent colectomy due to Clostridium difficile colitis (CD-C).

Methods: Patient information was extracted using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) data from 2012 to 2016. All adult patients who underwent colectomy for CD-C were included in the study.

Emergency Management of Blunt Splenic Injury in Hypotensive Patients : Total Splenectomy Versus Splenic Angioembolization.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine the outcomes of splenic angioembolization (SAE) as the first modality for nonoperative management (NOM) in hypotensive patients with high-grade splenic injuries.

Methods: Data were collected from the 2007-2010 National Trauma Data Bank data sets of the United States. The data included patients with massive blunt splenic injuries with an Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) of 4 or 5, initial systolic blood pressure ≤90, and who underwent either a total splenectomy or SAE (Group 1 and Group 2, respectively) within 4 hours of hospital arrival.

S100 Staining Adds to the Prognostic Significance of the Combination of Perineural Invasion and Lymphovascular Invasion in Colorectal Cancer.

Studies have suggested that perineural invasion (PNI) and lymphovascular invasion (LVI) serve as independent prognostic factors in colorectal cancer (CRC). Currently, little is known regarding the combination of PNI and LVI as prognostic factors, independent of stage. We hypothesized that this combination was a better prognostic marker than either PNI or LVI alone, and that S100 staining would detect PNI not seen with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E).