Composition and Biological Activity of the Essential Oils from Wild Horsemint, Yarrow, and Yampah from Subalpine Meadows in Southwestern Montana: Immunomodulatory Activity of Dillapiole.

(Benth.) Kuntze (horsemint), L. (yarrow), and (Hook.

Neutrophil Immunomodulatory Activity of Farnesene, a Component of Essential Oils.

Despite their reported therapeutic properties, not much is known about the immunomodulatory activity of essential oils present in species. We isolated essential oils from the flowers and leaves of five species: , , , , and . The chemical composition of the essential oil samples had similarities and differences as compared to those previously reported in the literature.

Macrophage immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharides isolated from Opuntia polyacantha.

Opuntia polyacantha (prickly pear cactus) has been used extensively for its nutritional properties; however, less is known regarding medicinal properties of Opuntia tissues. In the present study, we extracted polysaccharides from O. polyacantha and used size-exclusion chromatography to fractionate the crude polysaccharides into four polysaccharide fractions (designated as Opuntia polysaccharides C-I to C-IV).

Insect management products from Malian traditional medicine--establishing systematic criteria for their identification.

In material-resource poor countries like Mali, traditional practices incorporate the use of plants for medicinal purposes. Ethnobotanical research has documented traditional uses of plants, while concomitant studies by natural product chemists, ethnobotanists, and microbiologists have verified the efficacy of using traditional medicinal plants that have proven antimicrobial activity. These plants may also be used to protect agricultural crops pre-harvest and post-harvest from insect herbivory.