Publications by authors named "Robin W van Steenhoven"
Background And Objectives: Anti-NMDA receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis generally manifests in young adults. Although 80%-90% returns to independence, the majority experience persistent cognitive and psychosocial difficulties. Studies have demonstrated that cognitive recovery may continue for years; the temporal trajectory is largely unknown, as are factors influencing cognitive/psychosocial recovery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Objectives: Autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) and paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes (PNSs) encompass a heterogeneous group of antibody-associated disorders. Both the number of syndromes and commercially available antibody tests have increased considerably over the past decade. High-quality population-based data on epidemiology of these disorders and real-world performance of antibody tests are needed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMimics of Autoimmune Encephalitis: Validation of the 2016 Clinical Autoimmune Encephalitis Criteria.
Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm
November 2023
Article Synopsis
- The study validated the clinical criteria for autoimmune encephalitis (AE) proposed in 2016 and identified common conditions that can mimic AE, leading to misdiagnoses.
- Out of 239 patients, 44% were diagnosed with AE, while 46% had mimicking conditions, highlighting the complexity of accurately diagnosing AE in patients with similar symptoms.
- The results showed varying sensitivity and specificity for different AE criteria, with the new criteria for probable anti-LGI1 encephalitis having a notable sensitivity of 66% and a high specificity of 96%.
Antibodies Associated With Autoimmune Encephalitis in Patients With Presumed Neurodegenerative Dementia.
Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm
September 2023
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of neuronal antibodies in patients diagnosed with neurodegenerative dementia, as these can mimic conditions like autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) and potentially respond to immunotherapy.
- In a cohort of 920 dementia patients, only 0.8% were found to have neuronal antibodies, along with a variety of atypical symptoms that distinguished them from typical neurodegenerative cases.
- None of the patients exhibited significant MRI abnormalities associated with AIE, and only one patient showed an atypical change in cerebrospinal fluid, emphasizing the complexity of diagnosing these conditions.
This scientific commentary refers to ‘Seronegative autoimmune encephalitis: clinical characteristics and factors associated with outcomes’ by Lee . (https://doi.org/10.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAutoimmune Encephalitis Resembling Dementia Syndromes.
Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm
September 2021
Objective: As autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) can resemble neurodegenerative dementia syndromes, and patients do not always present as encephalitis, this study evaluates how frequently AIE mimics dementia and provides red flags for AIE in middle-aged and older patients.
Methods: In this nationwide observational cohort study, patients with anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1), anti-NMDA receptor (NMDAR), anti-gamma-aminobutyric acid B receptor (GABAR), or anti-contactin-associated protein-like 2 (CASPR2) encephalitis were included. They had to meet 3 additional criteria: age ≥45 years, fulfillment of dementia criteria, and no prominent seizures early in the disease course (≤4 weeks).