Nonprogrammable Shunts for Communicating Hydrocephalus and Three-Dimensional Volumetry: A Retrospective Analysis.

Objective: Although the use of different types of valves has been extensively studied in shunt surgery for communicating hydrocephalus (cHC), a consensus about the valve type remains absent. The objective of this study is to evaluate our results with the primary placement of nonprogrammable valves (NPVs) for this indication.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed all first NPVs implanted between 2014 and 2020 for cHC.

Ethical attitudes in neurosurgery at the height of the COVID-19 pandemic.

•Pandemic conditions imposed withholding or withdrawing neurosurgical treatment.•Variation exist in the management of intracranial haemorrhage or TBI during a pandemic.•Triaging guidelines for neurosurgical patients need to be established.

Intraneural ganglion cyst of the common peroneal nerve causing foot drop in a 12-year old child.

Objectives: Intraneural ganglia are benign fluid-filled cysts contained within the subepineurial space of peripheral nerves. The common peroneal nerve at the fibular neck is by far the most frequently involved, although other nerves can be affected as well. Although the differential diagnosis of foot drop in adults and children show some differences, clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, treatment and follow-up of intraneural ganglia are quite similar in both groups.