Gender Differences in "Making Weight" Behaviors Among U.S. Iraq and Afghan War Veterans: Implications for Future Health.

Failure to "make weight" carries significant consequences for military personnel including additional training burdens, stigma, possible demotion, or even separation from service. The aim of this study was to examine potential gender differences in, and investigate relationships between, military making weight behavior and obesity, eating pathology, and mental health later in life. Iraq and Afghanistan war era Veterans ( = 1,126, 51.

US Military Veteran Perspectives on Eating Disorder Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment: A Qualitative Study.

Objective: We aimed to explore US veteran perspectives on eating disorder screening, diagnosis, patient-provider conversations, and care in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA).

Method: Rapid qualitative analysis of 30-45 min phone interviews with 16 (N = 16) veterans with an electronic health record ICD-10 eating disorder diagnosis, who received care at one of two VHA healthcare systems in Connecticut or California. Topics covered included: conversations with providers about eating disorder symptoms, diagnosis, and referral to treatment; feedback about an eating disorder screener, and; reflections on eating disorders among veterans and VHA's effort to address them.

Associations between posttraumatic stress disorder and eating disorder symptoms among women veterans.

Recent research suggests high rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and eating disorder (ED) comorbidity in women veterans. This study aims to expand the literature by examining associations between PTSD and ED diagnoses and symptoms in this population. We assessed probable PTSD diagnosis and symptom clusters (intrusion, avoidance, arousal and reactivity, and negative alterations in cognition and mood [NACM]), as well as probable Binge Eating Disorder (BED) diagnosis and ED subscales (dietary restraint, shape/weight overvaluation, and body dissatisfaction) in a sample of women veterans (N = 371).

Distinguishing probable atypical anorexia nervosa from weight loss alone in a national sample of U.S. Military Veterans: Disentangling the roles of weight suppression and cognitive concerns.

Objective: Veterans are at high risk for eating disorders (EDs), and specifically for atypical anorexia nervosa (atypical AN). The current study aimed to better understand this under-studied disorder and how it differs from weight loss without ED cognitive features.

Method: Secondary analyses were conducted with data from a national study of Veterans (N = 882, 49.

Weight change in a national cohort of U.S. Military Veterans engaged in medication treatment for opioid use disorder.

Medication treatments for opioid use disorder (MOUD) save lives and improve outcomes for countless individuals. However, data suggest the potential for significant weight gain during methadone treatment and little is known about weight change during buprenorphine treatment. Using Veteran Health Administration administrative data from fiscal year 2017 to fiscal year 2019, two cohorts were created: 1) Veterans diagnosed with opioid use disorder (OUD) taking methadone (N = 1425); and 2) Veterans diagnosed with OUD taking buprenorphine (N = 3756).

The 24-hour food frequency assessment screening tool (FAST24): Development and evaluation of a novel dietary screener to identify foods associated with weight change.

Background & Aims: Brief screening questionnaires can identify 'at risk' behaviors in clinical settings. However, there is currently no screener for dietary intake specifically developed using foods associated with body weight change and increased risk for multiple chronic conditions and diseases.

Methods: We developed a novel brief dietary screener, the 24-Hour Food Frequency Assessment Screening Tool Questionnaire (FAST24), to identify intake of foods associated with weight change.

Weight change among patients engaged in medication treatment for opioid use disorder: a scoping review.

Medication treatment for opioid use disorder (MOUD) is an instrumental tool in combatting opioid use and overdose. Excess weight gain associated with MOUD initiation is a potential barrier that is not well understood. Conduct a scoping review of available studies investigating the effect of MOUD on weight.

Randomized controlled trial protocol of health coaching for veterans with complex chronic pain.

Background: Pain predominant multisymptom illness (pain-CMI) refers to symptom-based conditions where pain is a primary symptom. There is initial evidence that health coaching may be efficacious in treating pain-CMI because it can be tailored to the veteran's goals and emphasizes long-term behavior change, which may indirectly impact the maintaining factors of pain-CMI (e.g.

Development and Psychometric Assessment of the Weight and Eating Quality of Life (WE-QOL) Scale in US Military Veterans.

Background: The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) is in need of population health approaches to address overweight and obesity-related diseases. BMI serves as a simple, blunt metric to monitor these efforts. However, emerging research has demonstrated that healthcare weigh-ins contribute to weight stigma which paraodoxically is associated with weight gain.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on eating disorders in U.S. military veterans.

Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on mental health around the world. Although there have been reports that the incidence of eating disorders (EDs) has increased during the pandemic, few longitudinal studies have examined recent changes in EDs. Men and women with military histories may be particularly vulnerable to EDs, underscoring the importance of investigating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on EDs in this population.

Depression, Insomnia, and Obesity Among Post-9/11 Veterans: Eating Pathology as a Distinct Health Risk Behavior.

Introduction: Understanding the interrelationships between co-occurring chronic health conditions and health behaviors is critical to developing interventions to successfully change multiple health behaviors and related comorbidities. The objective of the present study was to examine the effects of depression, insomnia, and their co-occurrence on risk of obesity and to examine the role of health risk behaviors as potential confounders of these relationships with an emphasis on eating pathologies.

Methods: Iraq and Afghanistan conflict era veterans (n = 1,094, 51.

Co-occurring alcohol use disorder and obesity in U.S. military veterans: Prevalence, risk factors, and clinical features.

Obesity and alcohol use disorder (AUD) are two of the most prevalent and costly clinical conditions among U.S. military veterans, and these conditions often co-occur.

Examining the Clinical Correlates of Overeating and Binge-Eating Behaviors Among U. S. Veterans.

Introduction: Pressure to meet U.S. military weight requirements during service may predispose some service members to develop psychiatric disorders such as eating disorders or unhealthy eating behaviors, which may persist after military discharge.

Eating disorder measures in a sample of military veterans: A focus on gender, age, and race/ethnicity.

Early detection of eating disorders (EDs) is crucial for both prevention and treatment; however, few ED measures have been validated among older adults, men, and racially/ethnically diverse individuals, who may have varying symptom presentations. We examined the psychometric quality of three self-report ED measures within a diverse sample of U.S.

Atypical Anorexia Nervosa, not so atypical after all: Prevalence, correlates, and clinical severity among United States military Veterans.

Objective: DSM-5 Atypical Anorexia Nervosa (AAN), a new eating disorder diagnosis, presents similarly to Anorexia Nervosa (AN) in the absence of severe underweight. The prevalence of AAN and other DSM-5 eating disorders was estimated in a sample of Veterans. Sociodemographic, mental health, and eating behavior correlates were examined.

DSM-5 eating disorder prevalence, gender differences, and mental health associations in United States military veterans.

Objective: Little is known about prevalence estimates of new and revised DSM-5 eating disorders diagnoses in general, and especially among high-risk, underserved and diverse eating disorder populations. The aim of the current study was to determine prevalence, gender differences and correlates of DSM-5 eating disorders in veterans.

Method: Iraq and Afghanistan war era veterans (N = 1,121, 51.

Associations between adverse childhood experiences and weight, weight control behaviors and quality of life in Veterans seeking weight management services.

Introduction: A neglected area of trauma research with Veterans is the study of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs). The present study aimed to examine the prevalence of ACEs, and to explore relationships between ACEs and measures of weight, eating behaviors and quality of life in weight loss seeking Veterans.

Methods: Participants were 191 Veterans [mean age 58.

The Relationship Between Body Mass Index and Pain Intensity Among Veterans with Musculoskeletal Disorders: Findings from the MSD Cohort Study.

Objective: To examine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and pain intensity among veterans with musculoskeletal disorder diagnoses (MSDs; nontraumatic joint disorder; osteoarthritis; low back, back, and neck pain).

Setting: Administrative and electronic health record data from the Veterans Health Administration (VHA).

Subjects: A national cohort of US military veterans with MSDs in VHA care during 2001-2012 (N = 1,759,338).

Pain and emotional eating: further investigation of the Yale Emotional Overeating Questionnaire in weight loss seeking patients.

Providers frequently report pain as a barrier to weight loss yet the relationship between the pain experience and eating behavior is poorly understood. The current study examines overeating in response to physical pain (Pain Overeating). Weight-loss seeking Veterans (N = 126) completed the Yale Emotional Overeating Questionnaire, a measure used to assess the frequency of overeating in response to a range of emotions that was adapted to include a Pain Overeating item, and validated measures of pain, eating pathology, and mental health.

Randomized controlled trial testing the effectiveness of adaptive "SMART" stepped-care treatment for adults with binge-eating disorder comorbid with obesity.

This randomized controlled trial (RCT) tested effectiveness of adaptive SMART stepped-care treatment to "standard" behavioral weight loss (BWL [standard]) for patients with binge-eating disorder (BED) and obesity. One hundred ninety-one patients were randomly assigned to 6 months of BWL (standard; n = 39) or stepped care (n = 152). Within stepped care, patients started with BWL for 1 month; treatment responders continued BWL, whereas nonresponders switched to cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), and patients receiving stepped care were additionally randomized to weight-loss medication or placebo (double-blind) for the remaining 5 months.

Emotional overeating questionnaire: a validation study in Italian adults with obesity, overweight or normal weight.

Purpose: This study aimed at testing the validity and reliability of the Emotional Overeating Questionnaire (EOQ) in a sample of Italian adults with obesity, overweight or normal weight.

Materials And Methods: Participants were 314 Italian adults (72.6% females, aged 18-76 years) with obesity (27.

Eating Disorder Screening: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Diagnostic Test Characteristics of the SCOFF.

Background: Eating disorders affect upwards of 30 million people worldwide and often go undertreated and underdiagnosed. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the Sick, Control, One, Fat and Food (SCOFF) questionnaire for DSM-5 eating disorders in the general population.

Method: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) were followed.