Acute caffeine intake before and after fatiguing exercise improves target shooting engagement time.

Introduction: Previous research has identified acute caffeine ingestion as an effective aid in counteracting the decline in vigilance experienced during sentry duty and sustained operations. However, further research is needed to clarify caffeine's effects under various stressors and additional operational conditions. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of caffeine on target detection and rifle marksmanship during simulated combat operations.