Care-Seeking Action after Helicobacter pylori Testing among a High-Risk Indigenous Population: A Cross-Sectional Study Follow-up.

Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common infectious agents linked to any malignancy. Recent studies report higher H. pylori prevalence and gastric cancer incidence rates in the Navajo Nation than in general U.

Healthcare access, attitudes and behaviours among Navajo adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: To assess factors associated with positive COVID-19 tests, perspectives on health-related care delivery during pandemic, and factors supporting resilience among members of the Navajo Nation.

Methods And Analysis: From May through October 2021, a multi-institutional team recruited participants (n=154) to complete a 49-item questionnaire or participate in focus group (n=14) about their experience with COVID-19 and the effects on their use and access to allopathic and traditional health care. A multi-investigator, phenomenological approach summarized focus group experiences.

Digital Health and Caregiving Resources Used by Family Caregivers of Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Caregiving is often associated with negative physical and mental health outcomes, and as the COVID-19 pandemic escalated, caregivers experienced more burden and provided more care with substantially less support. Digital resources may have been one way caregivers managed demands for care and needs for information. This mixed-methods study included surveys and semi-structured interviews with caregivers ( = 11) to describe experiences and use of digital health resources during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Regeneration following tissue necrosis is mediated by non-apoptotic caspase activity.

Tissue necrosis is a devastating complication for many human diseases and injuries. Unfortunately, our understanding of necrosis and how it impacts surrounding healthy tissue - an essential consideration when developing effective methods to treat such injuries - has been limited by a lack of robust genetically tractable models. Our lab previously established a method to study necrosis-induced regeneration in the wing imaginal disc, which revealed a unique phenomenon whereby cells at a distance from the injury upregulate caspase activity in a process called Necrosis-induced Apoptosis (NiA) that is vital for regeneration.

Mammography Compliance for Arizona and New Mexico Hispanic and American Indian Women 2016-2018.

Hispanic and American Indian (AI) women experience lower breast cancer incidence than non-Hispanic White (NHW) women, but later-stage diagnoses and lower survival rates, suggesting issues with screening and healthcare access. Between 1999-2015, NHW breast cancer incidence decreased by 10% but increased by 8% for AI women. This study used 2016 and 2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data for Arizona and New Mexico to explore mammography screening.

Antibiotic Resistance Rates for in Rural Arizona: A Molecular-Based Study.

() is a common bacterial infection linked to gastric malignancies. While infection and gastric cancer rates are decreasing, antibiotic resistance varies greatly by community. Little is known about resistance rates among rural Indigenous populations in the United States.

Drinking water and health assessment in a Northern Arizona community.

Arizona is a mineral rich state that relies on a mix of surface and ground water supplies for drinking water requirements. Small, rural water systems relying on groundwater frequently encounter elevated metal(loid) measures, particularly inorganic arsenic (As ). Such contaminant occurrences can be associated with adverse health outcomes including cancers.

Helicobacter pylori treatment knowledge, access and barriers: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is among the most common bacterial infections in the world and one of the most common infectious agents linked to malignancy, gastric cancer (GC). Within the US there is high disparity in the rates of Hp infection and associated diseases. Hp infection is treatable, and knowledge may influence screening and treatment seeking behaviors.

Association of Sun Safety Behaviors and Barriers with Sunburn History in College Students in a Region with High UV Exposure.

Over five million cases of skin cancer are diagnosed each year in the United States with melanoma the third most common cancer in young adults. While publications have shown that sunburns increase the risk of developing melanoma throughout the lifetime including in adolescence and adulthood showing the importance of altering sun exposing behaviors throughout the lifetime, use of sun protection in college students remails low. In Fall 2019, an online survey of undergraduate students living on campus at a large southwestern university was conducted to determine the frequency of recent sunburns as well as sun protective behaviors and perceived knowledge of and barriers to sun protection.

Regeneration enhancers: a field in development.

The ability to regenerate tissues and organs following damage is not equally distributed across metazoans, and even highly related species can vary considerably in their regenerative capacity. Studies of animals with high regenerative potential have shown that factors expressed during normal development are often reactivated upon damage and required for successful regeneration. As such, regenerative potential may not be dictated by the presence or absence of the necessary genes, but whether such genes are appropriately activated following injury.

Looking Beyond Physical Disability: Cognitive Impairment in Persons With Multiple Sclerosis.

Purpose: Cognitive impairment (CI) is an underestimated part of disability in persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). The purpose of this evidence-based project was to influence clinicians treating PwMS by education of the current guidelines on cognition and multiple sclerosis and to screen CI with a valid neuropsychological tool.

Methods: Staff were educated on the 2018 National Multiple Sclerosis Society guidelines about CI in PwMS.

in Native Americans in Northern Arizona.

Background: In Arizona prevalence of infection among Navajo adults is about 62% and gastric cancer incidence rate is 3-4 times higher than that of the non-Hispanic White population.

Aim: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of specific virulence factors ( and ) among Navajo patients undergoing and their association with gastric disease.

Methods: Virulence genes, and in were investigated in gastric biopsies from 96 Navajo patients over age 18 who were undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Health and Life Insurance Denial Due to Cancer among Cancer Survivors.

This study examined racial/ethnic differences in health/life insurance denial due to cancer among cancer survivors after the passage of the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data were obtained from 2012-2020. The dependent variable asked: "Were you ever denied health insurance or life insurance coverage because of your cancer?" Cancer survivors were included if they were diagnosed with cancer after the Affordable Care Act ( = 14,815).

Prevalence and Risk Factors in Three Rural Indigenous Communities of Northern Arizona.

() is one of the most common bacterial stomach infections and is implicated in a majority of non-cardia gastric cancer. While gastric cancer has decreased in the United States (US), the incidence in the Navajo Nation is nearly four times higher than surrounding Non-Hispanic White populations. Little is known about prevalence in this population or other Indigenous communities in the lower 48 states.

A National Study of Healthcare Service Patterns at the End of Life Among Children With Cardiac Disease.

Background: Heart diseases are one of the leading causes of health-related deaths among children. Concurrent hospice care offers hospice and nonhospice healthcare services simultaneously, but the use of these services by children with cardiac disease has been rarely investigated.

Objective: The aims of this study were to identify patterns of nonhospice healthcare services used in concurrent hospice care and describe the profile of children with cardiac disease in these clusters.

Necrosis-induced apoptosis promotes regeneration in Drosophila wing imaginal discs.

Regeneration is a complex process that requires a coordinated genetic response to tissue loss. Signals from dying cells are crucial to this process and are best understood in the context of regeneration following programmed cell death, like apoptosis. Conversely, regeneration following unregulated forms of death, such as necrosis, have yet to be fully explored.

Age and Cohort Trends of Malignant Melanoma in the United States.

The incidence of malignant melanoma in the United States is increasing, possibly due to changes in ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure due to lifestyle or increased awareness and diagnosis of melanoma. To determine if more recent birth cohorts experience higher rates of melanoma as they age, we examined age and birth cohort trends in the United States stratified by anatomic site and cancer type (in situ vs. malignant) of the melanoma diagnosed from 1975-2017.

Household and behavioral determinants of indoor PM in a rural solid fuel burning Native American community.

Indoor and outdoor concentrations of PM were measured for 24 h during heating and non-heating seasons in a rural solid fuel burning Native American community. Household building characteristics were collected during the initial home sampling visit using technician walkthrough questionnaires, and behavioral factors were collected through questionnaires by interviewers. To identify seasonal behavioral factors and household characteristics associated with indoor PM , data were analyzed separately by heating and non-heating seasons using multivariable regression.

Chronic kidney disease unawareness and determinants using 1999-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data.

Background: Although chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects 15% of the United States (US) population, <10% of the US CKD population is aware of their disease. This is significant as untreated CKD can progress to end-stage renal disease which would require dialysis or transplantation. This study aimed to provide updated information regarding US CKD unawareness.

Community transmission of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis is associated with activity space overlap in Lima, Peru.

Background: Transmission of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDRTB) requires spatial proximity between infectious cases and susceptible persons. We assess activity space overlap among MDRTB cases and community controls to identify potential areas of transmission.

Methods: We enrolled 35 MDRTB cases and 64 TB-free community controls in Lima, Peru.

Design of the Arizona CoVHORT: A Population-Based COVID-19 Cohort.

This study is a prospective, population-based cohort of individuals with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection and those without past infection through multiple recruitment sources. The main study goal is to track health status over time, within the diverse populations of Arizona and to identify the long-term consequences of COVID-19 on health and well-being. A total of 2,881 study participants (16.