Pneumococcal Septic Arthritis among Adults, France, 2010-2018.

Streptococcus pneumoniae infection is considered an uncommon cause of arthritis in adults. To determine the clinical and microbiological characteristics of pneumococcal septic arthritis, we retrospectively studied a large series of cases among adult patients during the 2010-2018 conjugate vaccine era in France. We identified 110 patients (56 women, 54 men; mean age 65 years), and cases included 82 native joint infections and 28 prosthetic joint infections.

Salty surprises: Developmental and behavioral responses to environmental salinity reveal higher tolerance of inland rather than coastal Bufo spinosus tadpoles.

Salinization is predicted to intensify due to climate change, impacting biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Amphibians, particularly embryos and larvae, are highly susceptible to environmental salinity. Yet, local adaptation may cause differing vulnerabilities between coastal and inland populations.

MAST® D72C test: a novel option for ESBL, AmpC and carbapenemase detection.

Purpose: The MAST® D72C test is a phenotypical test which can detect ESBL and AmpC production in Enterobacterales. It can also identify the suspected presence of carbapenemase. The aim of the present study was to assess the sensitivity and specificity of this test and to discuss its usefulness in laboratories, especially those that use only an automated AST system.

Low migratory connectivity and similar migratory strategies in a shorebird with contrasting wintering population trends in Europe and West Africa.

Migratory shorebird populations are declining worldwide, showing an apparent inability to respond to the interplaying challenges emerging along their flyways. Within the East Atlantic Flyway, non-breeding populations show moderate to strong declines in Sub-Saharan Africa, contrasting with stable or increasing trends in Europe. Local factors are insufficient to explain the opposite tendencies and, therefore, investigating migratory strategies and connectivity of these populations may help identifying the drivers of their demography.

Variations of salinity during reproduction and development affect ontogenetic trajectories in a coastal amphibian.

Although coastal ecosystems are naturally submitted to temporal variations of salinity, salinization has been increasing over time threatening coastal biodiversity. Species that exploit such habitats can thus be exposed to brackish water at different life stages. However, the impacts of variations of salinity on wildlife remain poorly understood.

Long-term trends of salinity in coastal wetlands: Effects of climate, extreme weather events, and sea water level.

Coastal freshwater ecosystems play major roles as reservoirs of biodiversity and provide many ecosystem services and protection from extreme weather events. While they are of particular importance worldwide, they are affected by a large variety of anthropogenic threats, among which salinization has been less studied, particularly regarding large temporal and spatial data sets based on real case scenarios, while salinity can impact biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. In this study, we investigated the variations of salinity across long-term (1996-2020) and seasonal (monthly records) temporal scales and spatial (varying distance to the coastline) scales in water bodies of two typical temperate coastal wetlands situated on the Atlantic coast of France.

Evaluation of an Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing Method on -Positive Blood Cultures in Less Than 8 h Using the Rapid Mueller-Hinton Diffusion Method in Conjunction with the SIRscan 2000 Automatic Reading Device.

bloodstream infections are life-threatening and require rapid, targeted antibiotherapy based on antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST). A new method using Muller-Hinton Rapid-SIR (MHR-SIR) agar (i2a, Montpellier, France) allows complete direct AST (dAST) to be read from positive blood culture bottles (BCBs) for all species after 6-8 h of incubation. We evaluated (i) the performance of dAST from positive BCBs on MHR-SIR agar using two different inoculum protocols; (ii) the categorical agreement between dAST results obtained with MHR-SIR agar vs.

From the Field to the Lab: Physiological and Behavioural Consequences of Environmental Salinity in a Coastal Frog.

Environmental salinization is recognized as a global threat affecting biodiversity, particularly in coastal ecosystems (affected by sea level rise and increased frequency and severity of storms), and the consequent osmoregulatory challenges can negatively affect wildlife. In order to assess whether coastal species can respond to changes in environmental salinity, it remains essential to investigate the consequences of exposure to salinity in an environmentally-relevant context. In this study, we assessed the consequences of exposure to environmental salinity in coastal frogs ( sp.

Blood mercury concentrations in four sympatric gull species from South Western France: Insights from stable isotopes and biologging.

Mercury (Hg) is a toxic trace element widely distributed in the environment, which particularly accumulates in top predators, including seabirds. Among seabirds, large gulls (Larus sp) are generalist feeders, foraging in both terrestrial and marine habitats, making them relevant bioindicators of local coastal Hg contamination. In the present study, we reported blood Hg concentrations in adults and chicks of four different gull species breeding on the French Atlantic coast: the European herring gull (Larus argentatus), the Lesser black-backed gull (L.

Hydric status influences salinity-dependent water selection in frogs from coastal wetlands.

The environment is heterogeneous across spatial and temporal scales, and the behavioural responses required to adjust individuals' needs to resource availability across such variable environments should be under selective pressure. Coastal wetlands are characterized by a diversity of habitats ranging from fresh- to salt water; and individuals occurring in such complex habitats need to adjust their habitat use based on their osmotic status. In this study, we experimentally tested whether an amphibian species (Pelophylax sp.

Cyclodextrins Allow the Combination of Incompatible Vancomycin and Ceftazidime into an Ophthalmic Formulation for the Treatment of Bacterial Keratitis.

Ceftazidime (CZ) and vancomycin (VA) are two antibiotics used to treat bacterial keratitis. Due to their physical incompatibility (formation of a precipitate), it is not currently possible to associate both molecules in a single container for ophthalmic administration. We firstly characterized the incompatibility then investigated if 2-hydroxypropyl-beta (HPβCD) and 2-hydroxypropyl-gamma cyclodextrins (HPγCD) could prevent this incompatibility.

Successful Dissemination of Plasmid-Mediated Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases in Enterobacterales over Humans to Wild Fauna.

Background: The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria remains poorly understood in the wild ecosystem and at the interface of habitats. Here, we explored the spread of containing IncI1-ST3 plasmid encoding resistance gene () in human-influenced habitats and wild fauna using a genomic approach.

Methods: Multilocus sequence typing (MLST), single-nucleotide polymorphism comparison, synteny-based analysis and data mining approaches were used to analyse a dataset of genomes and circularised plasmids.

A prospective study on the pathogenesis of catheter-associated bacteriuria in critically ill patients.

Background: Updating the pathogenesis of catheter-associated bacteriuria (CA-bacteriuria) in the intensive care unit (ICU) is needed to adapt prevention strategies. Our aim was to determine whether the main pathway of CA-bacteriuria in ICU patients was endoluminal or exoluminal. In a prospective study, quantitative urine cultures were sampled from catheter sampling sites, collector bags and the catheter outer surface near the meatus from days 1 to 15 after catheterization.

Slight variations in coastal topography mitigate the consequence of storm-induced marine submersion on amphibian communities.

The rise in sea-level and the increase in frequency and intensity of extreme weather events (i.e., storms and associated surges) are expected to strongly impact coastal areas.

Carbapenem Resistance Conferred by OXA-48 in K2-ST86 Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae, France.

We recovered 2 carbapenem-resistant K2-ST86 hypermucoviscous Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from patients in France. The isolates had genetic attributes of hypervirulent K. pneumoniae but differed in ability to cause mouse lethality.

Prognostic value of a combination of innovative factors (gut microbiota, sarcopenia, obesity, metabolic syndrome) to predict surgical/oncologic outcomes following surgery for sporadic colorectal cancer: a prospective cohort study protocol (METABIOTE).

Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is still associated with poor prognosis, especially in patients with advanced disease. Development of new prognostic tools replacing or supplementing those routinely used is definitely needed, with the aim to optimise and personalise treatment strategies. Gut microbiota composition and body composition profile (obesity, sarcopenia and metabolic syndrome) have recently been reported separately as new relevant prognostic factors for postoperative surgical and oncologic outcomes following CRC surgery.

Synergistic activity between aztreonam and amoxicillin-clavulanate against Enterobacteriaceae-producing class B and/or class D carbapenemases with or without extended-spectrum -lactamases.

Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae have become a major public health concern over the last decade and treatment options are limited. We evaluated the synergistic activity of the combination of aztreonam (ATM) and clavulanate for 41 -lactam-resistant clinical isolates harbouring class B or/and class D carbapenemases combined or not with extended-spectrum -lactamases (ESBLs). The MICs of ATM, with and without amoxicillin-clavulanate (AMC), were determined.

Development and Multicentric Validation of a Lateral Flow Immunoassay for Rapid Detection of MCR-1-Producing .

Colistin has become a last-resort antibiotic for the treatment of infections caused by highly drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. Moreover, it has been widely used in the livestock sector. As a consequence, colistin resistance is emerging worldwide.

Rapid detection and discrimination of chromosome- and MCR-plasmid-mediated resistance to polymyxins by MALDI-TOF MS in Escherichia coli: the MALDIxin test.

Background: Polymyxins are currently considered a last-resort treatment for infections caused by MDR Gram-negative bacteria. Recently, the emergence of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae has accelerated the use of polymyxins in the clinic, resulting in an increase in polymyxin-resistant bacteria. Polymyxin resistance arises through modification of lipid A, such as the addition of phosphoethanolamine (pETN).

Diversity of DHA-1-encoding plasmids in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from 16 French hospitals.

Objectives: To provide new insights into the spread of plasmidic cephalosporinase DHA-1, 16 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae and a strain of Klebsiella variicola producing DHA-1 were isolated between January 2012 and December 2013 in six regions of France and two French overseas departments and territories.

Methods: Disc diffusion assays, isoelectric focusing and PCRs were used to characterize the plasmidic DHA-1 β-lactamase. Plasmid analysis was performed by the method of Kado and Liu and WGS.

Novel Enterobacter Lineage as Leading Cause of Nosocomial Outbreak Involving Carbapenemase-Producing Strains.

We investigated unusual carbapenemase-producing Enterobacter cloacae complex isolates (n = 8) in the novel sequence type (ST) 873, which caused nosocomial infections in 2 hospitals in France. Whole-genome sequence typing showed the 1-year persistence of the epidemic strain, which harbored a bla ST1-IncHI2 plasmid, in 1 health institution and 2 closely related strains harboring bla in the other. These isolates formed a new subgroup in the E.

Activity of Ceftolozane-Tazobactam against Enterobacter cloacae Complex Clinical Isolates with Different β-Lactam Resistance Phenotypes.

The study evaluated the activity of ceftolozane-tazobactam (C/T) against 94 unique clinical isolates of complex (ECC). No difference was observed according to the ECC cluster. The activity greatly varied depending on the β-lactamase-producing profile: 100%, 67%, and 19% of wild-type, extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing, and AmpC-overproducing strains, respectively, were susceptible to C/T.

Plasmids carrying DHA-1 β-lactamases.

The aim of this review is to provide an update on the plasmids mediating DHA-1 cephalosporinase in Klebsiella pneumoniae. These plasmids have been mainly found in this bacterium but not only. The first was isolated from Salmonella sp.

Tracing changes in the diet and habitat use of black-tailed godwits in Western France, using a stable isotope approach.

Western France is at the crossroads of the migratory routes of two subspecies of black-tailed godwit, Limosa limosa. After leaving Iceland, the godwit L.l.