Pulmonary thromboembolism in adults: Experience from a tertiary care center.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) includes deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). We aimed to analyze the risk factors, clinical presentations, evaluation and management strategies as well as outcomes of adult pulmonary thromboembolism cases at a tertiary care center.

Methods: In a retrospective observational study, all consecutive adult pulmonary thromboembolism cases admitted from January 2019 to September 2020 at our center were enrolled in this study.

Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in diagnosing mediastinal lymphadenopathy: Experience from a tertiary care centre.

Background: The evaluation of mediastinal lymphadenopathy and masses poses a diagnostic challenge because of a myriad of possible etiologic causes; their proximity to numerous vital structures and the difficulty of access for biopsy. Computed tomography is an excellent modality for the initial evaluation of mediastinal lymph nodes (LNs). Tissue diagnosis is of paramount importance to confirm the diagnosis of mediastinal lymphadenopathy.

Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis post-ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine: A rare case.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic started in December 2019, spread like wildfire and took an immense toll on human life. ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine was used worldwide for the prevention of Covid-19. Covid-19 has been implicated in the causation of severe haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) syndrome.

Role of rituximab as neoadjuvant therapy in a difficult case of relapsing pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare disease which involves the accumulation of insoluble lipoproteinaceous material in the alveoli leading to impaired gas exchange and even respiratory failure. Autoimmune PAP is the most common type and is characterized by the presence of anti-granulocyte-monocyte colony stimulating factor (anti GM-CSF) antibody. Whole lung lavage has been traditionally used as first-line management of PAP but there is a lack of clarity especially in the treatment of relapsing cases of PAP.

A case of thymoma presenting as pyrexia of unknown origin.

Pyrexia of unknown origin can be caused due to numerous infective and noninfective causes. It poses a diagnostic dilemma to the clinicians and requires a myriad of investigations for the confirmation of diagnosis. Thymomas are rare mediastinal tumors that present as anterior mediastinal mass; however, thymomas presenting as pyrexia of unknown origin has rarely been reported in the literature.

Development of pneumatocele and spontaneous pneumothorax as a late complication of COVID-19 pneumonia.

SARS-COV2 pandemic has spread like wildfire and has affected all the countries worldwide. The virus mainly affects the lungs and has numerous manifestations. The development of spontaneous pneumatocele and pneumothorax has rarely been reported in the literature, especially in spontaneously breathing patients.

Intrapleural Fibrinolysis with Urokinase versus Alteplase in Complicated Pleural Effusions and Empyema: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Intrapleural fibrinolytic therapy (IPFT) has been used as an effective agent since 1949 for managing complicated pleural effusion and empyema. Several agents, such as streptokinase, urokinase (UK), and recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA), have been found to be effective with variable effectiveness. However, a head-tohead controlled trial comparing the efficacy of the most frequently used agents, i.

A cross sectional observational study on uncontrolled bronchial asthma and inhaler technique among out patients in a tertiary care centre in Western Maharashtra.

Background: The 2014 Asia Pacific - Asthma Insight and Management (AP-AIM) study showed that none of the Indian asthmatics had controlled asthma when evaluated objectively. Our study aims to detect through objective measurements, uncontrolled asthma in OPD patients, the adequacy of their inhaler technique, and their awareness regarding the importance of inhaler technique.

Method: The asthma Control Test (ACT) score was used to screen for uncontrolled asthma.

Real-world experience of monoclonal antibodies in mild-to-moderate COVID-19 patients at a tertiary care center.

Background: Neutralizing antibodies cocktail (casirivimab and imdevimab) has received emergency use authorization recommendation by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and WHO for mild-to-moderate COVID-19 infection in specific high-risk groups. Antibodies cocktail has shown promising results in preventing progression to severe disease, but the real-world experience is still evolving. Herein, we present a retrospective analysis of 22 patients who were administered the antibodies cocktail between August 2021 and March 2022 at our tertiary care center.

Anti-Jo1 Syndrome: Understanding a Rare Cause of Interstitial Lung Disease.

Background: Anti-Jo1 syndrome is one of the most common amongst the various anti synthetase syndromes (ASS), which forms a subgroup of the idiopathic inflammatory myositis (IIM). It is characterised by myositis, interstitial lung disease (ILD), fever, Raynaud's phenomenon, and mechanic's hands; associated with the presence of anti-Jo1 antibodies in serum. Being an orphan disease, the clinical diagnosis is often delayed.

A very rare case of lingular sequestration.

Pulmonary sequestration also called as bronchopulmonary sequestration is a rare congenital anomaly. It is defined as a mass of dysplastic lung tissue which has no connection with the main bronchopulmonary tree and is supplied by a branch of systemic artery and drainage by the separate venous system. It can be classified into intralobar and extralobar variety, with intralobar being more common.

Early experience of delamanid in extensively drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis is a leading cause of death in our country. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis increases the morbidity and mortality due to severe manifestations and difficult and prolonged medications. Newer antitubercular drugs like delamanid have been approved by WHO in management of these cases, but the real-world experience of this drug is lacking in our country.

Diagnostic Yield and Safety of Bronchoscopic Lung Cryobiopsy in Evaluation of Lung Mass.

Background A mass lesion in the lung is a common finding seen on chest radiology. The prognosis of patients with mass lesions in the lung is capricious as malignancy is a consideration. It is essential to diagnose the underlying aetiology at the earliest with minimally invasive procedures for prompt treatment of the case.

Early experience of nintedanib in COVID-19 ARDS-related pulmonary fibrosis: a case series.

The current COVID-19 pandemic has spread like wildfire worldwide and has affected millions of people. The novel corona virus mainly affects the lungs leading to life threatening disease like acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The aftermath of the disease in form of pulmonary fibrosis is upcoming cause of further increase in morbidity and mortality.