Reliability of cervical lordosis and global sagittal spinal balance measurements in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Study Design: Radiological reproducibility study.

Purpose: To assess intra and interobserver reliability of radiographic measurements for global sagittal balance parameters and sagittal spine curves, including cervical spine. Sagittal spine balance in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a main issue and many studies have been reported, showing that coronal and sagittal deformities often involve sagittal cervical unbalance.

Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO): a longitudinal case series review.

Background: Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) is an autoinflammatory disorder that is currently diagnosed based on clinical, radiologic, pathological and longitudinal findings.

Objective: To provide detailed descriptions of CRMO lesion patterns seen on radiographs and MRI and to suggest clinical use of whole-body MRI and propose noninvasive diagnostic strategy.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective longitudinal study (1989-2010) of 31 children (22 girls, 9 boys) diagnosed with CRMO.

Renal safety in pediatric imaging: randomized, double-blind phase IV clinical trial of iobitridol 300 versus iodixanol 270 in multidetector CT.

Background: It is debated whether iso-osmolar and low-osmolar contrast media are associated with different incidences of contrast medium-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients with renal insufficiency.

Objective: To compare the incidence of CIN in children undergoing contrast-enhanced multidetector computer tomography (MDCT) with intravenous injection of low-osmolar (iobitridol, Xenetix® 300) or an iso-osmolar (iodixanol, Visipaque® 270) iodinated contrast medium.

Materials And Methods: One hundred forty-six children with normal renal function were included in this multicenter trial and underwent contrast-enhanced MDCT.

Brain iron levels in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a pilot MRI study.

Objective: Brain iron deficiency has been supposed to be involved in the pathophysiology of ADHD. Available studies assessing iron in ADHD are based on serum ferritin, a peripheral marker of iron status. To what extent serum ferritin correlates with brain iron (BI) is unclear.

Renal parenchymal fibrosis and atrophy are not correlated with upper tract dilatation: long-term study of partial unilateral ureteral obstruction in neonatal mice.

Purpose: The mechanism underlying the evolution of congenital obstructive hydronephrosis is still unclear. In a previous study, we have shown that it is possible to create renal lesions in newborn mice specific to partial ureteral obstruction. We aimed to study the long-term results of such partial obstruction.

In vivo assessment of experimental neonatal excitotoxic brain lesion with USPIO-enhanced MR imaging.

Purpose: To assess the feasibility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enhanced with ultrasmall superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide (USPIO) for assessing excitotoxic brain lesions in an experimental model of neonatal periventricular white matter (PWM) lesions.

Materials And Methods: Brain lesions were induced by intracerebral injection of ibotenate in 14 newborn rats. Pre- and post-USPIO T2-weighted MRI was performed in seven of them (group A) and in five control newborns (group C).

USPIO (Ferumoxtran-10)-enhanced MRI to visualize reticuloendothelial system cells in neonatal rats: feasibility and biodistribution study.

Purpose: To investigate whether USPIO-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) detected reticuloendothelial system (RES) cells in newborn normal rats.

Materials And Methods: Newborn normal rats were imaged in vivo on a 1.5 T MR system, 2-96 hours after intraperitoneal Ferumoxtran-10 (n = 38) or saline injection (control group, n = 5).

Partial unilateral ureteral obstruction in newborn mice: magnetic resonance imaging and pathology studies.

Purpose: The mechanism underlying the evolution of congenital obstructive hydronephrosis in humans is still unclear. Although partial unilateral ureteral obstruction has been extensively explored in rats, studies in neonatal mice may lead to new insights into underlying cellular mechanisms, especially with the availability of mutant mice. We developed a model of partial unilateral ureteral obstruction in newborn mice.

Ultrasonography of Crohn disease in children.

US is increasingly performed in Crohn disease (CD) in children as a first line imaging modality. It reduces the use of other more invasive examinations such as endoscopy, CT or contrast enema. We describe bowel ultrasonography technique, normal bowel appearances on US and pathological patterns in CD.

MRI of the olfactory bulbs and sulci in human fetuses.

Background: There is limited knowledge of the MRI pattern of the development of fetal olfactory bulbs and sulci.

Objective: To describe the MRI appearance of olfactory bulbs and sulci in normal in vivo fetuses according to gestational age.

Materials And Methods: Olfactory bulbs and sulci were retrospectively assessed on brain MRI examinations of 88 normal fetuses between 24 and 39 weeks gestational age.

Lacrimal location of sinus histiocytosis (Rosai-Dorfman-Destombes disease).

A 7-year-old West African male patient presented with recurrence of multiple cervical lymphadenopathy. Cervical node biopsy disclosed a sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (Rosai-Dorfman-Destombes disease). During follow-up, the patient developed a left orbital mass corresponding to an enlarged lacrimal gland shown by CT.