Supplemental Breast MRI for Women with Extremely Dense Breasts: Results of the Second Screening Round of the DENSE Trial.

Background In the first (prevalent) supplemental MRI screening round of the Dense Tissue and Early Breast Neoplasm Screening (DENSE) trial, a considerable number of breast cancers were found at the cost of an increased false-positive rate (FPR). In incident screening rounds, a lower cancer detection rate (CDR) is expected due to a smaller pool of prevalent cancers, and a reduced FPR, due to the availability of prior MRI examinations. Purpose To investigate screening performance indicators of the second round (incidence round) of the DENSE trial.

Supplemental MRI Screening for Women with Extremely Dense Breast Tissue.

Background: Extremely dense breast tissue is a risk factor for breast cancer and limits the detection of cancer with mammography. Data are needed on the use of supplemental magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to improve early detection and reduce interval breast cancers in such patients.

Methods: In this multicenter, randomized, controlled trial in the Netherlands, we assigned 40,373 women between the ages of 50 and 75 years with extremely dense breast tissue and normal results on screening mammography to a group that was invited to undergo supplemental MRI or to a group that received mammography screening only.

MR Imaging as an Additional Screening Modality for the Detection of Breast Cancer in Women Aged 50-75 Years with Extremely Dense Breasts: The DENSE Trial Study Design.

Women with extremely dense breasts have an increased risk of breast cancer and lower mammographic tumor detectability. Nevertheless, in most countries, these women are currently screened with mammography only. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has the potential to improve breast cancer detection at an early stage because of its higher sensitivity.

Incremental value of arterial and equilibrium phase compared to hepatic venous phase CT in the preoperative staging of colorectal liver metastases: an evaluation with different reference standards.

Purpose: To evaluate the incremental value of arterial and equilibrium phase compared to hepatic venous phase multidetector row CT (MDCT) in the preoperative staging of colorectal liver metastases (CLM) and to determine the influence of the reference standard.

Materials And Methods: Fifty-three consecutive CLM patients underwent 16 detector row CT in hepatic arterial, venous, and equilibrium phase before surgery between March 2003 and January 2007. Detected lesions were characterized by three independent radiologists.

Automatic segmentation of different-sized white matter lesions by voxel probability estimation.

A new method for fully automated segmentation of white matter lesions (WMLs) on cranial MR imaging is presented. The algorithm uses five types of regular MRI-scans. It is based on a K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) classification technique, which builds a feature space from voxel intensity features and spatial information.

Elevated levels of plasma homocysteine are associated with neurotoxicity.

Objective: The aim of the present study is to investigate whether increased plasma homocysteine (tHcy) has an effect on the cerebral metabolic concentrations, reflecting neurotoxicity, measured with Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS).

Methods: One hundred and thirteen patients had a MRS investigation of the brain and the concentration of N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA), choline and creatine was measured and fasting plasma tHcy was assessed. We used linear regression models to investigate the association between tHcy and cerebral metabolic concentrations.

Probabilistic segmentation of white matter lesions in MR imaging.

A new method has been developed for fully automated segmentation of white matter lesions (WMLs) in cranial MR imaging. The algorithm uses information from T1-weighted (T1-w), inversion recovery (IR), proton density-weighted (PD), T2-weighted (T2-w) and fluid attenuation inversion recovery (FLAIR) scans. It is based on the K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) classification technique that builds a feature space from voxel intensities and spatial information.

Prevalence and volume of internal border zone lesions in patients with impaired cerebral carbon dioxide vasomotor reactivity: a follow-up study.

Background: The precise etiology of border zone infarcts is controversial. Hemodynamic impairment due to obstructive disease of the internal carotid artery (ICA) is suggested as a cause of border zone infarcts.

Objective: To investigate changes in prevalence and volume of ischemic border zone lesions over time in patients with occlusive disease of the ICA after 1 year of follow-up.

Association between impaired carbon dioxide reactivity and ischemic lesions in arterial border zone territories in patients with unilateral internal carotid artery occlusion.

Context: Ischemic lesions in patients with internal carotid artery (ICA) steno-occlusive disease can be categorized on the basis of their location and presumed cause: external border zone infarcts, internal border zone infarcts, cortical infarcts, lacunar infarcts, and periventricular lesions.

Objective: To evaluate the association between the prevalence and size of ischemic lesions and cerebral vasomotor reactivity in patients with unilateral occlusion of the ICA.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Hemodynamic and metabolic changes in transient ischemic attack patients: a magnetic resonance angiography and (1)H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy study performed within 3 days of onset of a transient ischemic attack.

Background And Purpose: We investigated whether patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA) have systemic low flow to the brain or an abnormal intracranial flow distribution caused by an abnormal anatomy of the circle of Willis. Furthermore, we investigated whether metabolic changes were present in the brain.

Methods: Forty-four patients with clinically diagnosed TIA were prospectively included in our study.