Parsonage-Turner Syndrome and Occupational Therapy Interventions: A Case Report.

Parsonage-Turner syndrome (PTS) is a rare brachial plexus neuropathy with a sudden onset of upper extremity pain, weakness, and loss of range of motion (ROM). Studies on occupational therapy (OT) interventions are limited. The aim of this case report was to explore the OT experiences, interventions, and outcomes of a patient with PTS.

Repression of CADM1 transcription by HPV type 18 is mediated by three-dimensional rearrangement of promoter-enhancer interactions.

Upon infection, human papillomavirus (HPV) manipulates host cell gene expression to create an environment that is supportive of a productive and persistent infection. The virus-induced changes to the host cell's transcriptome are thought to contribute to carcinogenesis. Here, we show by RNA-sequencing that oncogenic HPV18 episome replication in primary human foreskin keratinocytes (HFKs) drives host transcriptional changes that are consistent between multiple HFK donors.

Intimate partner sexual violence is associated with unhealthy alcohol use among Kenyan women engaged in sex work.

Aim: Unhealthy alcohol use is often correlated with experiences of intimate partner violence (IPV). We investigated how different types of IPV (sexual, physical, emotional, and financial) were associated with unhealthy alcohol use among women engaged in sex work in Mombasa, Kenya.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 283 HIV-negative women who engaged in sex work recruited from an ongoing cohort study.

The Impact of Sleep on Cognitive Function in Youth Athletes.

Objectives: This study sought to characterize the sleep of youth athletes and investigate relationships between sleep measures and cognitive function.

Method: Youth netball athletes ( = 19, age; 16.58 ± 1.

Pregnant and Recently Pregnant People's Views on Policies That Punish Pregnant People Who Use Cannabis.

Objective: To explore recently/currently pregnant people's experiences and views about cannabis use during pregnancy and their associated support for policies that punish pregnant people who use cannabis.

Methods: A market research firm administered a survey (May-June 2022) to pregnant and recently pregnant people ages 18-49 regarding their attitudes about cannabis use policies and practices. We used multivariable regression to assess whether cannabis use and beliefs are associated with support for punishing people who use cannabis.

Investigating the hydrolysis of complex carbohydrates with salivary α-amylase.

Currently, little is known about how complex carbohydrates (maltodextrins) with varying degrees of polymerisation (DP) and molecular branching interact with α-amylase in human saliva and the associated amounts and structures of generated reducing sugars. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate salivary α-amylase and the subsequent reducing sugars generated with complex carbohydrate stimuli. A secondary aim was to investigate reducing sugar generation and complex carbohydrate taste sensitivity.

pyDeid: an improved, fast, flexible, and generalizable rule-based approach for deidentification of free-text medical records.

Objectives: Deidentification of personally identifiable information in free-text clinical data is fundamental to making these data broadly available for research. However, there exist gaps in the deidentification landscape with regard to the functionality and flexibility of extant tools, as well as suboptimal tradeoffs between deidentification accuracy and speed. To address these gaps and tradeoffs, we develop a new Python-based deidentification software, pyDeid.

The impact of cooling and Moringa supplementation on oxidative stress in serum and milk, including milk cytokines, in heat stressed lactating sows and their litters.

Heat stress (HS) poses a significant challenge to the United States swine industry. Sows and their piglets are particularly vulnerable to HS, as the periparturient phase is characterized by heightened metabolism and increased oxidative stress and inflammation. The study examined the effects of using conductive electronic cooling pads (ECP) and dietary supplementation with 4% Moringa (M) leaf powder on controlling oxidative stress and inflammation caused by HS in sows and their piglets.

Evening Alpha-Lactalbumin Supplementation Alters Sleep Architecture and Reduces Morning Reaction Time in an Athletically Trained Population With Sleep Difficulties.

Evening consumption of a whey protein rich in the amino acid tryptophan, alpha-lactalbumin (ALAC), has previously shown to benefit sleep-particularly among poor sleepers. Given trained populations often experience sleep difficulty, this study investigated whether evening supplementation of ALAC would influence sleep outcomes, mood, and next-day cognitive performance within a trained population with sleep difficulties. Nineteen trained participants (females, n = 11) with sleep difficulties (Athlete Sleep Screening Questionnaire: 8.

Discovery of STX-721, a Covalent, Potent, and Highly Mutant-Selective EGFR/HER2 Exon20 Insertion Inhibitor for the Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

After L858R and ex19del epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations, ex20ins mutations are the third most common class of driver-mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Unfortunately, first-, second-, and third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are generally ineffective for ex20ins patients due to insufficient mutant activity and selectivity over wild-type EGFR, leading to dose-limiting toxicities. While significant advances in recent years have been made toward identifying potent EGFR ex20ins mutant inhibitors, mutant vs wild-type EGFR selectivity remains a significant challenge.

Patient Complexity, Social Factors, and Hospitalization Outcomes at Academic and Community Hospitals.

Importance: There have been limited evaluations of the patients treated at academic and community hospitals. Understanding differences between academic and community hospitals has relevance for the design of clinical models of care, remuneration for clinical services, and health professional training programs.

Objective: To evaluate differences in complexity and clinical outcomes between patients admitted to general medical wards at academic and community hospitals.

Predictors of inter-individual variation in nausea and vomiting in pregnancy in two samples of women attending a pregnancy clinic.

Problem: The aetiology of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy is still not well understood.

Background: Previous research suggests that its incidence and severity are influenced by many different factors, including demographic, lifestyle and psychosocial factors.

Aim: This study aimed to test the effect of multiple factors (use of combined oral contraception (COC) on meeting the father, sex of the foetus, age when pregnant, parity, education, life standard/income, smoking before pregnancy and BMI) on levels of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy.

Predictive equation derived from 6,497 doubly labelled water measurements enables the detection of erroneous self-reported energy intake.

Nutritional epidemiology aims to link dietary exposures to chronic disease, but the instruments for evaluating dietary intake are inaccurate. One way to identify unreliable data and the sources of errors is to compare estimated intakes with the total energy expenditure (TEE). In this study, we used the International Atomic Energy Agency Doubly Labeled Water Database to derive a predictive equation for TEE using 6,497 measures of TEE in individuals aged 4 to 96 years.

Specialty palliative care use among cancer patients: A population-based study.

Background: Rigorous population-based assessments of the use of specialty palliative care (SPC) in the US are rare.

Settings/subjects: This study examined SPC use among cancer patients in a mid-sized metropolitan area in Southeast US.

Measurements: In this cancer decedent cohort study, data were acquired and linked from the state-wide cancer registry; state-wide hospital discharge dataset; and local SPC providers.

Prevalence of functional defecation disorders in European children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Functional defecation disorders (FDDs) are common among children worldwide. The prevalence of these disorders has not been clearly described in Europe. This study performed a systematic review and meta-analysis on the prevalence of FDD in European children and assessed geographical, age, and sex distribution and associated factors.

APOBEC3A deaminates CTG hairpin loops to promote fragility and instability of expanded CAG/CTG repeats.

CAG/CTG repeats are prone to expansion, causing several inherited human diseases. The initiating sources of DNA damage which lead to inaccurate repair of the repeat tract to cause expansions are not fully understood. Expansion-prone CAG/CTG repeats are actively transcribed and prone to forming stable R-loops with hairpin structures forming on the displaced single-stranded DNA (S-loops).

The SARS-CoV-2 test scale-up in the USA: an analysis of the number of tests produced and used over time and their modelled impact on the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Rapid, accessible, and accurate testing was paramount to an effective US COVID-19 response. Federal partners supported SARS-CoV-2 testing scale-up through an interagency-coordinated approach that focused on expanding supply chains, research and development, validation, and improving patient access. We aimed to provide an overview of the federal efforts to scale up the testing response and study the impact of scale-up.

Land Use Change Consistently Reduces α- But Not β- and γ-Diversity of Bees.

Land use change threatens global biodiversity and compromises ecosystem functions, including pollination and food production. Reduced taxonomic α-diversity is often reported under land use change, yet the impacts could be different at larger spatial scales (i.e.

Disentangling Sources of Momentum Fluctuations in Xe+Xe and Pb+Pb Collisions with the ATLAS Detector.

High-energy nuclear collisions create a quark-gluon plasma, whose initial condition and subsequent expansion vary from event to event, impacting the distribution of the eventwise average transverse momentum [P([p_{T}])]. Disentangling the contributions from fluctuations in the nuclear overlap size (geometrical component) and other sources at a fixed size (intrinsic component) remains a challenge. This problem is addressed by measuring the mean, variance, and skewness of P([p_{T}]) in ^{208}Pb+^{208}Pb and ^{129}Xe+^{129}Xe collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.

The Role of WNT5a and TGF-β1 in Airway Remodelling and Severe Asthma.

Background: Airway remodelling is a feature of severe asthma with airway epithelial damage observed frequently. We evaluated the role of WNT5a and TGF-β in asthmatic airway biopsies and in sputum and bronchial brushings assessed their role in remodelling.

Methods: WNT5a and TGF-β protein expression were assessed in the lamina propria epithelium of people with asthma (GINA 1-3, n-8 and GINA 4-5, n-14) and healthy subjects (n-9), alongside relevant remodelling markers.

Molecular orientation of dielectric layers at indigo/dielectric interfaces impacts the ordering of indigo films in organic field-effect transistors.

Organic multilayer systems, which are stacked layers of different organic materials, are used in various organic electronic devices such as organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). In particular, OFETs are promising as key components in flexible electronic devices. In this study, we investigated how the inclusion of an insulating tetratetracontane (TTC) interlayer in ambipolar indigo-based OFETs can be used to alter the crystallinity and electrical properties of the indigo charge transport layer.

Association of continuous renal replacement therapy downtime with fluid balance gap and clinical outcomes: a retrospective cohort analysis utilizing EHR and machine data.

Background: Fluid balance gap (FBgap-prescribed vs. achieved) is associated with hospital mortality. Downtime is an important quality indicator for the delivery of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT).

Love as a Commitment Device : Evidence from a Cross-Cultural Study across 90 Countries.

Given the ubiquitous nature of love, numerous theories have been proposed to explain its existence. One such theory refers to love as a commitment device, suggesting that romantic love evolved to foster commitment between partners and enhance their reproductive success. In the present study, we investigated this hypothesis using a large-scale sample of 86,310 individual responses collected across 90 countries.

Contributing factors to the oxidation-induced mutational landscape in human cells.

8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) is a common oxidative DNA lesion that causes G > T substitutions. Determinants of local and regional differences in 8-oxoG-induced mutability across genomes are currently unknown. Here, we show DNA oxidation induces G > T substitutions and insertion/deletion (INDEL) mutations in human cells and cancers.