Value of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) in the diagnosis of lung and mediastinal lesions.

Objective: To evaluate the value of EBUS-TBNA in the diagnosis of lung and mediastinal lesions.

Methods: Prospective cohort study that included 52 patients during a 2-year period (2016 to 2018) who underwent EBUS-TBNA.

Results: Among the 52 individuals submitted to the procedure, 22 (42.

Tube thoracostomy: One-off cause of chylothorax.

Chylothorax secondary to thorax drainage is a rare entity, with only five previously reported cases. A patient that sustained injuries after an accident involving a power tool, originally seen at another service, presented with a metal fragment embedded in the 4th intercostal space of the right hemithorax and ipsilateral pneumothorax. The patient underwent thoracic drainage and was referred to our hospital.

Incomplete fissures are associated with increased alveolar ventilation via spiracles in severe emphysema.

Objectives: In emphysema, air can flow preferentially via collateral pathways, which can connect an entire lung when incomplete fissures are present. Spiracles are openings through the chest wall into the lung parenchyma. We previously observed increased alveolar ventilation (VA) in subjects with severe emphysema, when spiracles occurred during lung transplant operations.

Gastric cancer with lesion extending to spleen and perforation into free peritoneum.

Perforated gastric carcinoma is a rare condition that is hard to diagnose preoperatively. It is associated with advanced cancer stages and has a high mortality, particularly in cases presenting preoperative shock. Few studies have investigated the presentation and adequate management of these carcinomas.

Tracheobronchial injuries in chest trauma: a 17-year experience.

Objective: to discuss the clinical and therapeutic aspects of tracheobronchial lesions in victims of thoracic trauma.

Methods: we analyzed the medical records of patients with tracheobronchial lesions treated at the São Paulo Holy Home from April 1991 to June 2008. We established patients' severity through physiological (RTS) and anatomical trauma indices (ISS, PTTI).

Thoracic damage control surgery.

The damage control surgery came up with the philosophy of applying essential maneuvers to control bleeding and abdominal contamination in trauma patients who are within the limits of their physiological reserves. This concept was extended to thoracic injuries, where relatively simple maneuvers can shorten operative time of in extremis patients. This article aims to revise the various damage control techniques in thoracic organs that must be known to the surgeon engaged in emergency care.

General thoracic surgery workforce: training, migration and practice profile in Brazil.

Objectives: This study is aimed at drawing the profile of the Brazilian general thoracic surgeon. This experience has been fruitful in other areas, helping attract manpower and to better serve the interests of other Societies. This is the first survey of this kind in Brazil and in Latin America.

Natural history of extensive diaphragmatic injury on the right side: experimental study in rats.

Objective: To evaluate the natural healing of the rat diaphragm that suffered an extensive right penetrating injury.

Methods: Animals were submitted to an extensive penetrating injury in right diaphragm. The sample consisted of 40 animals.

[A rare mediastinum tumor: hamartoma].

In the present paper we report a case of mediastinal tumor which we believe has never been reported. Since surgical treatment, the patient presented good evolution. We discuss the presentation, differential diagnosis and therapy.

Spirometry evaluation in patient with tuberculosis sequelae treated by lobectomy.

Objective: To evaluate pre and post-operative spirometry in patients with tuberculosis sequelae undergoing lobectomy.

Methods: We selected 20 patients, aged between 15 and 56 years, of both genders, with a history of tuberculosis treatment, with repeated infections or hemoptysis and indication of pulmonary lobectomy. The tuberculosis treatment time was six months, and onset of symptoms, between one and 32.

Technical validation of pulmonary drainage for the treatment of severe pulmonary emphysema: a cadaver-based study.

Objective: A cadaver-based study was carried out in order to describe the pulmonary drainage surgical technique, to determine whether the site for the insertion of the chest tube is appropriate and safe, and to determine the anatomical relationship of the chest tube with the chest wall, lungs, large blood vessels, and mediastinum.

Methods: Between May and November of 2011, 30 cadavers of both genders were dissected. The cadavers were provided by the Santa Casa de São Paulo Central Hospital Mortuary, located in the city of São Paulo, Brazil.

Esophagogastric anastomosis with invagination into stomach: New technique to reduce fistula formation.

Aim: To present a new technique of cervical esophagogastric anastomosis to reduce the frequency of fistula formation.

Methods: A group of 31 patients with thoracic and abdominal esophageal cancer underwent cervical esophagogastric anastomosis with invagination of the proximal esophageal stump into the stomach tube. In the region elected for anastomosis, a transverse myotomy of the esophagus was carried out around the entire circumference of the esophagus.

Off-pump versus on-pump coronary artery revascularization: effects on pulmonary function.

Many studies have shown important changes in lung function tests after coronary artery surgeries. It is controversial if off-pump surgery can give a better and shorter recovery than the on-pump. A prospective study was conducted on 42 patients submitted to coronary artery surgery and divided into two groups: 21 off-pump using intraluminal shunt (G (I)) and 21 on-pump (G (II)), matched by the anatomical location of the coronary arteries lesions.

[Therapeutic application of collateral ventilation in diffuse pulmonary emphysema: study protocol presentation].

We present a protocol to test a new surgical procedure for the treatment of patients with diffuse lung emphysema who, after having received the golden standard treatment (pulmonary rehabilitation), continue to present respiratory failure with disabling dyspnea. Ten patients with severe lung hyperinflation will be evaluated. The method proposed is designed to create alternative expiratory passages for air trapped in the emphysematous lung by draining the lung parenchyma, thereby establishing communication between the alveoli and the external environment.

[Mediastinal liposarcoma: a case report].

Here, we describe the case of a 51-year-old female with mediastinal liposarcoma. Liposarcoma is the most common malignant mesenchymal neoplasm in adults, although a mediastinal location is extremely rare. It has a large volume and varied histologic subtypes.

Insect growth regulatory effects of linear diterpenoids and derivatives from Baccharis thymifolia.

Linear diterpenes isolated from aerial parts of Baccharis thymifolia ( 1- 3) were tested for insect growth inhibitory activity against Tenebrio molitor larvae. Compounds 4- 16 were prepared by various chemical transformations. The diterpenes 6,10-( E,E)-thymifodioic acid ( 1), the butenolide 3, and the derivatives 4, 11, and 14 produced developmental deficiencies in assays using topical application on fifth instar larvae of T.

[Surgical treatment of giant emphysematous lung bullae].

Objective: Lack of Brazilian publications regarding this disease in Brazil led us to perform the current work to describe the historical evolution and to analyze results of the surgical treatment of Giant Emphysematous Lung Bullae at the Santa Casa de São Paulo.

Methods: We have retrospectively assessed, between January 1979 and June 2005, the medical records of 83 patients submitted to one of four surgical modalities: the thoracoscopic bullectomy, VATS bullectomy, VATS bullae drainage and bullae drainage with local anesthesia, totaling 92 surgeries. Parameters analyzed were hospitalization time, post-surgical complications, perioperative and late mortality in addition to clinical and functional pre- and post- surgical parameters.

Natural course of penetrating diaphragmatic injury: an experimental study in rats.

There are controversies about the fate of penetrating diaphragmatic injuries not diagnosed and treated. The objective was to evaluate the evolution of untreated diaphragmatic injury on an experimental model. Fifty-six rats suffered diaphragmatic injuries.

Stereocontrolled synthesis of 1-acetylen-2,3-di-o-benzyl-tetrahydrofurans, 1,4-anhydro-arabinitol, and alpha,beta-dihydroxy-gamma-alkyl-butyrolactones.

This article describes a concise and efficient synthesis of 1-acetylen-2,3-di-O-benzyl-tetrahydrofurans from tartaric acid esters using as the key step the stereocontrolled cyclization of Co(2)(CO)(6)-complexed propargylic diols. This molecule led to enantiomerically pure 1,4-anhydro-arabinitol and alpha,beta-dihydroxy-gamma-alkyl-butyrolactones. In the latter case, the critical methylene oxidation at the oxygen vicinal position was performed by RuO(4).