Publications by authors named "Roberto Pellungrini"
Background: Predicting the risk of developing pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is of paramount importance, given its high mortality rate. Current PDAC risk prediction models rely on a limited number of variables, do not include genetics, and have a modest accuracy.
Aim: This study aimed to develop an interpretable PDAC risk prediction model, based on machine learning (ML).
This paper focuses on the use of local Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) methods, particularly the Local Rule-Based Explanations (LORE) technique, within healthcare and medical settings. It emphasizes the critical role of interpretability and transparency in AI systems for diagnosing diseases, predicting patient outcomes, and creating personalized treatment plans. While acknowledging the complexities and inherent trade-offs between interpretability and model performance, our work underscores the significance of local XAI methods in enhancing decision-making processes in healthcare.
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- - The study investigates the relationship between various lifestyle exposures (the exposome) and genetic factors in the risk of developing pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), using a large case-control analysis from the UK Biobank.
- - Researchers identified 52 significant associations with PDAC risk, reaffirming known factors like smoking and obesity, while also discovering potential links between mobile phone use, stress, and the disease.
- - Despite the connection between genetic predisposition and PDAC risk, the study found no significant interactions between genetic and environmental factors, suggesting that lifestyle choices may have a more substantial impact on risk.
Article Synopsis
- - The study explores how local environmental factors, such as air quality and proximity to the coast, potentially influence cancer susceptibility, particularly focusing on prostate cancer and its relationship with physical activity and outdoor time.
- - Using data from the UK Biobank, researchers analyzed 12 environmental exposures and their associations with various cancers in a large cohort, revealing 36 significant links and suggesting that individuals living farther from the coast had an increased risk of prostate cancer.
- - Findings indicate that while genetic factors do play a role, local environmental factors and genetic variability contribute to cancer risk independently, highlighting the complex interplay between our surroundings and genetics in cancer development.