Reduced Low-Pressure Membrane Fouling by Inline Coagulation Pretreatment for a Colored River Water.

Drinking water treatment (DWT) using low-pressure membranes (LPM) has become increasingly popular due to their many reported advantages compared to conventional technologies. Productivity decline due to fouling has prevented LPMs from becoming the technology of choice in DWT, however, coagulation pretreatment either with or without particle separation mitigates fouling phenomena. The effectiveness of coagulation/flocculation/sedimentation (CF-S), coagulation/flocculation/dissolved air flotation (CF-DAF), and inline coagulation (CF-IN) as technologies for pretreatment of feed water has rarely been investigated using the same water source.

Flux Increase Occurring When an Ultrafiltration Membrane Is Flipped from a Normal to an Inverted Position-Experiments and Theory.

The effects of flipping membranes with hydrophilic/hydrophobic asymmetry are well documented in the literature, but not much is known on the impact of flipping a membrane with dense/porous layer asymmetry. In this work, the pure water flux (PWF) of a commercial polyethersulfone (PES) membrane and a ceramic ultrafiltration (UF) membrane was measured in the normal and inverted positions. Our experimental results showed that the PWF was two orders of magnitude higher when the PES membrane was flipped to the inverted position, while the increase was only two times for the ceramic membrane.

Large batch bench-scale dissolved air flotation system for simulating full-scale turbidity removal.

One of the expected outcomes of global warming is increased algal and cyanobacterial blooms. Based on its ability to separate algal particles, dissolved air flotation (DAF) is considered as a climate change adaptation technology for water treatment. The feasibility of DAF treatment is often assessed using DAF jar tests; however, they are not particularly good at predicting a full-scale DAF system's turbidity removals.

Investigation of settleability of biologically produced solids and biofilm morphology in moving bed bioreactors (MBBRs).

The objective of this work is to investigate the effects of surface area loading rates (SALRs) and hydraulic retention times (HRTs) in moving bed bioreactor (MBBR) systems on the morphology and thickness of the attached biofilm along with subsequent effects on particle size distribution and the settling characteristics of the biologically produced solids. The morphology of biofilm attached to the MBBR carriers changed from a porous biofilm to a biofilm with a more filamentous structure throughout the study at various operating conditions without observable correlation with SALR and HRT. Although, biofilm morphology did not demonstrate an effect on the biologically produced solids observed in this study, the thinnest biofilms resulted in the highest concentration of solids in the effluent.

A new computational control strategy for leachate management in bioreactor landfills.

A novel computational measurement-based control strategy (CMCS) was developed to manage leachate recirculation based on monitoring ofkey system parameters. The proposed framework identifies the operational phase ofthe controlled bioreactor, and accordingly determines quantities ofleachate, buffer, supplemental water, and nutritional amendments required to provide the temporally changing landfill microbial consortia with their growth requirements. The CMCS was tested in a pilot-scale bioreactor cell (0.

Influence of supplemental heat addition on performance of pilot-scale bioreactor landfills.

Implementation of supplemental heat addition as a means of improving bioreactor landfill performance was investigated. The experimental work was conducted with two pilot-scale bioreactor setups (control cell and heated cell) operated for 280 days. Supplemental heat was introduced by recirculating leachate heated up to 35 °C compared to the control which used similar quantities of leachate at room temperature (21 ± 1 °C).

Electrochemical regeneration of field spent GAC from two water treatment plants.

The effectiveness of on-site thermal regeneration of field-spent granular activated carbon (GAC) from two municipal drinking water facilities was compared with bench-scale electrochemical regeneration, a novel regeneration technology. The regeneration method was evaluated using aqueous natural organic material (NOM) adsorption, iodine number analysis, and surface area analysis. In contrast to the large electrochemical regeneration efficiencies reported in the literature for GAC loaded with phenolics and other individual organic compounds, the electrochemical reactor tested was only able to regenerate 8-15% of the NOM adsorption capacity of the field spent GAC.