Effects of landfill leachate treatment on hepatopancreas of Armadillidium vulgare (Crustacea, Isopoda).

The major environmental impact of landfills is emission of pollutants via the leachate and gas pathways. The hepatopancreas of the terrestrial isopod Armadillidium vulgare (Isopoda, Crustacea, Latreille 1804) plays an important role in the bioaccumulation of contaminants, such as heavy metals. To evaluate the effects of landfill leachate treatment, 2 different approaches were applied: 1) the detection of accumulation of trace elements (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Sb, Zn, Pb, Ni, V) in hepatopancreatic cells, and 2) the evaluation of biological effect of contaminants on fresh hepatopancreatic cells by flow-cytometric analyses.

Time evolution of the aggregation process of peptides involved in neurodegenerative diseases and preventing aggregation effect of phosphorus dendrimers studied by EPR.

A key pathological event of prion and Alzheimer diseases is the formation of prion and amyloid plaques generated by peptide aggregation in the form of fibrils. Dendrimers have revealed their ability to prevent fibril formation and therefore cure neurodegenerative diseases. To provide information about the kinetics and the mechanism of peptide fibril formation and about the ability of the dendrimers to prevent peptide aggregation, we performed a computer-aided EPR analysis of the selected nitroxide spin probe 4-octyl-dimethylammonium,2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-1-oxyl bromide (CAT8) in water solutions of the β-amyloid peptide Aβ 1-28 and the prion peptide PrP 185-208, which contain the fibril nucleation sites, in the absence and in the presence of phosphorus dendrimers.

Structural modifications and adsorption capability of C18-silica/binary solvent interphases studied by EPR and RP-HPLC.

The structure of the octadecyl (C18) chain layer attached to a silica surface in the presence of binary solvents (acetonitrile/water; methanol/water) was investigated by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), using 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6 tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl (Tempol) to mimic the behavior of pollutants with medium-low polarity. The computer-aided analysis of the EPR spectra provided structural and dynamical information of the probe and its environments which clarified the modifications of the chain conformations that occur at different solvent compositions. Capacity factors, k', were calculated as a function of the percentage of water/organic solvent (mobile phase), and the retention behavior of the C18-functionalized silica surface (stationary phase) was compared with the results obtained with EPR analysis under static conditions.