Preventative and therapeutic potential of animal milk components against COVID-19: A comprehensive review.

The global pandemic of COVID-19 is considered one of the most catastrophic events on earth. During the pandemic, food ingredients may play crucial roles in preventing infectious diseases and sustaining people's general health and well-being. Animal milk acts as a super food since it has the capacity to minimize the occurrence of viral infections due to inherent antiviral properties of its ingredients.

Residual formaldehyde contents in fresh white cheese in El Salvador: Seasonal changes associated with temperature.

Detection of residual formaldehyde (FA) in dairy products could be explained by direct addition of this preservative to extend the shelf life of raw material or final product at room temperature. FA is not authorized as a preservative by international standards and its addition to dairy products is prohibited due to its potentially harmful effects on consumers. Although the carcinogenicity of FA by oral exposure has not been proven, it is also known it cause histopathological and cytogenic changes in tissues at first contact, so its toxicity by ingestion should not be underestimated.

Aflatoxin M in Nicaraguan and locally made hard white cheeses marketed in El Salvador.

Aflatoxin M is a carcinogenic and genotoxic metabolite of Aflatoxins present in food contaminated by fungi for lactating cattle, it is excreted through milk and when used to make cheese, the toxin will also be transferred to the dairy. The contamination of unripened hard white cheese with AFM seems to vary according to the season of the year, possibly due to the change of foodstuff, from fresh pasture in the rainy season to dried foods in the dry season and vice versa. This research determined both the prevalence and contents of AFM in cheeses of local and Nicaraguan origin marketed in El Salvador, as well as the changes occurred according to the season and the association between levels of AFM with meteorological parameters.

Occurrence of Aflatoxin M in cow milk in El Salvador: Results from a two-year survey.

Aflatoxin M (AFM) is a metabolite of Aflatoxin B (AFB) and is excreted through cow´s milk. AFM contamination of milk is extended geographically and there might be seasons-related variations for both prevalence and contents, with higher than average values in regions with long periods of drought like El Salvador. Therefore, this project quantified AFM levels in raw cow milk and AFs in cattle feedstuffs, during the transitional dry-rainy seasons of two consecutive years and it determined the variation of occurrence and contents associated to drought.

Osteoporosis-related life habits and knowledge about osteoporosis among women in El Salvador: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder, characterized by reduced bone mass, deterioration of bone structure, increased bone fragility, and increased fracture risk. It is more frequent to find among women than men at a 4:1 ratio. Evidence suggests that to adopt changes on some life habits can prevent or delay development of osteoporosis.