Towards Accurate Biocompatibility: Rethinking Cytotoxicity Evaluation for Biodegradable Magnesium Alloys in Biomedical Applications.

Magnesium and its alloys represent promising candidates for biomedical implants due to their biodegradability and mechanical properties, which are similar to natural bone. However, their rapid degradation process characterized by dynamic pH fluctuations and significant hydrogen gas evolution during biocorrosion adversely affects both in vitro and in vivo assessments. While the ISO 10993-5 and 12 standards provide guidelines for evaluating the in vitro biocompatibility of biodegradable materials, they also introduce testing variability conditions that yield inconsistent results.

Enhancing magnesium-based materials for biomedical applications using an innovative strategy of combined single point incremental forming and bioactive coating.

Background: Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys are promising candidates for biodegradable materials in next-generation bone implants due to their favourable mechanical properties and biodegradability. However, their rapid degradation and corrosion, potentially leading to toxic byproducts, pose significant challenges for widespread use.

Objectives: This study aimed to address the challenges associated with Mg-based materials by thoroughly evaluating the biocompatibility, genotoxicity, and mechanical properties of Mg-based devices manufactured via Single Point Incremental Forming (SPIF).

Design and characterization of β-tricalcium phosphate-based self-passivating coatings on magnesium alloys.

: Magnesium alloys degrade rapidly in salt solutions, which limits their use without passivating treatments. AZ31 alloy is particularly promising for implant applications owing to its biodegradability and mechanical properties, necessitating effective corrosion-resistant coatings. : In this study, a self-passivating reactive coating was designed and evaluated for AZ31 magnesium alloy plates using β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) to enhance corrosion resistance and biocompatibility.

Comparative study on biomechanical behavior of zirconia and polyetheretherketone biomaterials exposed to experimental loading conditions in a prototypal simulator.

Zirconia and polyetheretherketone (PEEK) are two biomaterials widely investigated as substitute for metals in oral prosthetic rehabilitation. To achieve a proper biomechanical behavior, the prosthetic biomaterials must ensure a good resistance to loads, as this is a crucial characteristic enabling their use in dental applications. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in the fracture resistance of different biomaterials in an experimental environment: fixed partial dentures (FPDs) screwed in a prototype of biomimetic mandible.

Antibiotic Abuse and Antimicrobial Resistance in Hospital Environment: A Retrospective Observational Comparative Study.

: Antimicrobial resistance represents a serious problem, and it may be life-threatening in the case of severe hospital-acquired infections (HAI). Antibiotic abuse and multidrug resistance (MDR) have significantly increased this burden in the last decades. The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution and susceptibility rates of five selected bacterial species (, , , and ) in two healthcare settings located in the Apulia region (Italy).