Nutritional and Nutraceutical Support to the Failing Myocardium: A Possible Way of Potentiating the Current Treatment of Heart Failure.

Heart failure (HF) is a complex condition that affects 1-2% of the global population. The presence of comorbidities like diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or obesity has been shown in various studies to elevate mortality and hospitalization rates in HF patients. Insufficient outcomes persist in HF, necessitating additional research to address unmet needs in disease management.

Multiple Aspects of Irritable Bowel Syndrome and the Role of the Immune System: An Overview of Systematic Reviews with a Focus on Polyphenols.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a complex and often debilitating condition that significantly impacts the gastrointestinal system and the overall quality of life of those affected. IBS is characterized by a variety of distressing symptoms, including cramping, abdominal pain, and irregular bowel movements, underlined by an intricate interplay of immune system dysfunction in its pathology. Numerous studies highlight an increased cellular immune response, with elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines, mucosal alterations due to immune imbalance, and visceral hypersensitivity.

A Systematic Review of the Effect of Polyphenols on Alterations of the Intestinal Microbiota and Shared Bacterial Profiles Between Metabolic Syndrome and Acne.

Microbiota, composed of micro-organisms like bacteria, viruses, and non-pathogenic fungi, plays a crucial role in digestion, vitamin production, and protection against dangerous microbes. Several factors, including age, diet, alcohol consumption, stress, environmental microorganisms, and therapies (particularly antibiotics), as well as birth and nursing, could modify the microbiota. Recent research has highlighted its alteration and involvement in a various disease, including metabolic syndrome and acne.

Targeting leptin/CCL3-CCL4 axes in NAFLD/MAFLD: A novel role for BPF in counteracting thalamic inflammation and white matter degeneration.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), redefined as Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD), is characterized by an extensive multi-organ involvement. MAFLD-induced systemic inflammatory status and peripheral metabolic alteration lead to an impairment of cerebral function. Herein, we investigated a panel of leptin-related inflammatory mediators as predictive biomarkers of neuroinflammation and evaluated the possible role of Bergamot Polyphenolic Fraction (BPF) in counteracting this MAFLD-induced inflammatory cascade.

Evaluation of the Potential Beneficial Effects of L. Extract Supplementation in Postmenopausal Discomfort.

Peri-menopausal discomfort can have a detrimental effect on the physical health of women due to physiological and behavioral changes. Estrogen and progesterone-based hormone therapy can alleviate menopausal symptoms, but estrogen supplementation may have negative health effects. The effectiveness of hormone replacement therapy using natural compounds for peri-menopausal disorders is still uncertain.

Exploring the Role of Bergamot Polyphenols in Alleviating Morphine-Induced Hyperalgesia and Tolerance through Modulation of Mitochondrial SIRT3.

Morphine is an important pain reliever employed in pain management, its extended utilize is hindered by the onset of analgesic tolerance and oxidative stress. Long-term morphine administration causes elevated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), disrupting mitochondrial function and inducing oxidation. Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), a mitochondrial protein, is essential in modulating ROS levels by regulating mitochondrial antioxidant enzymes as manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD).

Studies on the Comparative Response of Fibers Obtained from the Pastazzo of and Cladodes of on In Vitro Model of Neuroinflammation.

Adhering to a healthy diet has a protective effect on human health, including a decrease in inflammatory diseases due to consuming fiber. The purpose of this manuscript was to obtain and compare two extracts based on fiber (BF and IF-C), derived from two plants particularly present in the Mediterranean region: bergamot () and prickly pear (). The parts used by these plants have been the "pastazzo" for the bergamot and the cladodes for the prickly pear.

The Postbiotic Properties of Butyrate in the Modulation of the Gut Microbiota: The Potential of Its Combination with Polyphenols and Dietary Fibers.

The gut microbiota is a diverse bacterial community consisting of approximately 2000 species, predominantly from five phyla: Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia. The microbiota's bacterial species create distinct compounds that impact the host's health, including well-known short-chain fatty acids. These are produced through the breakdown of dietary fibers and fermentation of undigested carbohydrates by the intestinal microbiota.

Cladodes of (L.) Mill. Possess Important Beneficial Properties Dependent on Their Different Stages of Maturity.

(L.) Mill. belongs to the Cactaceae family and the genus it is a succulent plant that adapts to extreme climatic conditions.

Antioxidant Activity and Seasonal Variations in the Composition of Insoluble Fiber from the Cladodes of (L.) Miller: Development of New Extraction Procedures to Improve Fiber Yield.

Miller is a plant belonging to the family adapted to live in environments characterized by long periods of drought and arid or desert climates. This plant is characterized by an aerial part composed of structures transformed by branches, called "cladodes", which are essential to reduce excessive perspiration of water and appear covered with thorns. The composition of the cladodes includes water, polysaccharides, fiber, proteins, vitamins, fatty acids, sterols, polyphenols, and minerals.

The potential effect of natural antioxidants on endothelial dysfunction associated with arterial hypertension.

Arterial hypertension represents a leading cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide, and the identification of effective solutions for treating the early stages of elevated blood pressure (BP) is still a relevant issue for cardiovascular risk prevention. The pathophysiological basis for the occurrence of elevated BP and the onset of arterial hypertension have been widely studied in recent years. In addition, consistent progress in the development of novel, powerful, antihypertensive drugs and their appropriate applications in controlling BP have increased our potential for successfully managing disease states characterized by abnormal blood pressure.

Non-essential heavy metal effects in cardiovascular diseases: an overview of systematic reviews.

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the most important cause of premature death and disability worldwide. Environmental degradation and cardiovascular diseases are two keys to health challenges, characterized by a constant evolution in an industrialized world that exploits natural resources regardless of the consequences for health. The etiological risk factors of CVDs are widely known and include dyslipidemia, obesity, diabetes, and chronic cigarette consumption.

The dangerous "West Coast Swing" by hyperglycaemia and chronic stress in the mouse hippocampus: Role of kynurenine catabolism.

Growing epidemiological studies highlight a bi-directional relationship between depressive symptoms and diabetes mellitus. However, the detrimental impact of their co-existence on mental health suggests the need to treat this comorbidity as a separate entity rather than the two different pathologies. Herein, we characterized the peculiar mechanisms activated in mouse hippocampus from the concurrent development of hyperglycaemia, characterizing the different diabetes subtypes, and chronic stress, recognized as a possible factor predisposing to major depression.

The protective effect of Bergamot Polyphenolic Fraction on reno-cardiac damage induced by DOCA-salt and unilateral renal artery ligation in rats.

To date, the complex pathological interactions between renal and cardiovascular systems represent a real global epidemic in both developed and developing countries. In this context, renovascular hypertension (RVH) remains among the most prevalent, but also potentially reversible, risk factor for numerous reno-cardiac diseases in humans and pets. Here, we investigated the anti-inflammatory and reno-cardiac protective effects of a polyphenol-rich fraction of bergamot (BPF) in an experimental model of hypertension induced by unilateral renal artery ligation.

The Effect of an Innovative Combination of Bergamot Polyphenolic Fraction and L. Extract on Weight Gain Reduction and Fat Browning in Obese Mice.

Obesity is one of the world's most serious public health issues, with a high risk of developing a wide range of diseases. As a result, focusing on adipose tissue dysfunction may help to prevent the metabolic disturbances commonly associated with obesity. Nutraceutical supplementation may be a crucial strategy for improving WAT inflammation and obesity and accelerating the browning process.

Spenn. (Lamiaceae) Hydroalcoholic Extract: Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant Activity and In Vitro Evaluation of Fatty Acid Accumulation.

Spenn. is a native Mediterranean shrub belonging to the Lamiaceae family and is well-known as a flavoring and spicing agent. In addition to its classical use, it has drawn attention because its biological activities, due particularly to the presence of polyphenols, including carnosic acid and rosmarinic acid, and phenolic diterpenes as carnosol.

Modulation of the nitric oxide/cGMP pathway in cardiac contraction and relaxation: Potential role in heart failure treatment.

Evidence exists that heart failure (HF) has an overall impact of 1-2 % in the global population being often associated with comorbidities that contribute to increased disease prevalence, hospitalization, and mortality. Recent advances in pharmacological approaches have significantly improved clinical outcomes for patients with vascular injury and HF. Nevertheless, there remains an unmet need to clarify the crucial role of nitric oxide/cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (NO/cGMP) signalling in cardiac contraction and relaxation, to better identify the key mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of myocardial dysfunction both with reduced (HFrEF) as well as preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).

Bergamot Polyphenolic Extract Combined with Albedo and Pulp Fibres Counteracts Changes in Gut Microbiota Associated with High-Fat Diet: Implications for Lipoprotein Size Re-Arrangement.

Evidence exists that the gut microbiota contributes to the alterations of lipid metabolism associated with high-fat diet (HFD). Moreover, the gut microbiota has been found to modulate the metabolism and absorption of dietary lipids, thereby affecting the formation of lipoproteins occurring at the intestinal level as well as systemically, though the pathophysiological implication of altered microbiota composition in HFD and its role in the development of atherosclerotic vascular disease (ATVD) remain to be better clarified. Recently, evidence has been collected indicating that supplementation with natural polyphenols and fibres accounts for an improvement of HFD-associated intestinal dysbiosis, thereby leading to improved lipidaemic profile.

In Vitro Evaluation of Ferutinin Rich- L., ssp. , Root Extract on Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity: Antioxidant Properties and Cell Cycle Modulation.

The clinical use of anthracycline Doxorubicin as an antineoplastic drug in cancer therapy is limited by cardiotoxic effects that can lead to congestive heart failure. Recent studies have shown several promising activities of different species of the genus belonging to the . is the main source of Ferutinin-a bioactive compound isolated from many species of -studied both in vitro and in vivo because of their different effects, such as estrogenic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and also antiproliferative and cytotoxic activity, performed in a dose-dependent and cell-dependent way.

The Effects of (Burm.F.) Wall. Ex Nees and Andrographolide on Neuroinflammation in the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) affect millions of people worldwide, and to date, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases are the most common NDs. Of the many risk factors for neurodegeneration, the aging process has the most significant impact, to the extent that it is tempting to consider neurodegenerative disease as a manifestation of accelerated aging. However, genetic and environmental factors determine the course of neurodegenerative disease progression.

Root Extract: In Vitro Evaluation of the Potential Additive Effect with Chemotherapy Tamoxifen in Breast Cancer (MCF-7) Cells Part II.

L., belonging to the family, is represented by about 170 species predominantly present in areas with a mild-warm-arid climate, including the Mediterranean region, North Africa and Central Asia. Numerous beneficial activities have been reported for this plant in traditional medicine, including antidiabetic, antimicrobial, antiproliferative, anti-dysentery, stomachache with diarrhea and cramps remedies.

Pathophysiological Aspects of Muscle Atrophy and Osteopenia Induced by Chronic Constriction Injury (CCI) of the Sciatic Nerve in Rats.

Skeletal muscle atrophy is a condition characterized by a loss of muscle mass and muscle strength caused by an imbalance between protein synthesis and protein degradation. Muscle atrophy is often associated with a loss of bone mass manifesting as osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate if chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve in rats can be a valid model to study muscle atrophy and consequent osteoporosis.

Potential Properties of Natural Nutraceuticals and Antioxidants in Age-Related Eye Disorders.

Eye health is crucial, and the onset of diseases can reduce vision and affect the quality of life of patients. The main causes of progressive and irreversible vision loss include various pathologies, such as cataracts, ocular atrophy, corneal opacity, age-related macular degeneration, uncorrected refractive error, posterior capsular opacification, uveitis, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, retinal detachment, undetermined disease and other disorders involving oxidative stress and inflammation. The eyes are constantly exposed to the external environment and, for this reason, must be protected from damage from the outside.

Nocellara Del Belice ( L. Cultivar): Leaf Extract Concentrated in Phenolic Compounds and Its Anti-Inflammatory and Radical Scavenging Activity.

L. is a plant belonging to the Oleaceae family, widely grown around the Mediterranean Basin and its leaves are a source of phenolic compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity. Among these, oleuropein and luteolin-7-O-glucoside represent two major polyphenolic compounds in olive-leaf extract.

The Generation of Nitric Oxide from Aldehyde Dehydrogenase-2: The Role of Dietary Nitrates and Their Implication in Cardiovascular Disease Management.

Reduced bioavailability of the nitric oxide (NO) signaling molecule has been associated with the onset of cardiovascular disease. One of the better-known and effective therapies for cardiovascular disorders is the use of organic nitrates, such as glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), which increases the concentration of NO. Unfortunately, chronic use of this therapy can induce a phenomenon known as "nitrate tolerance", which is defined as the loss of hemodynamic effects and a reduction in therapeutic effects.